Imidazole: Having Versatile Biological Activities by Amita Verma, Sunil Joshi, Deepika Singh

“…The imidazole ring is a constituent of several important natural products, including purine, histamine, histidine, and nucleic acid. Being a polar and ionisable aromatic compound, it improves pharmacokinetic characteristics of lead molecules and thus is used as a remedy to optimize solubility and bioavailability parameters of proposed poorly soluble lead molecules. …”
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Aluminum Poisoning with Emphasis on Its Mechanism and Treatment of Intoxication by Mehrdad Rafati Rahimzadeh, Mehravar Rafati Rahimzadeh, Sohrab Kazemi, Roghayeh Jafarian Amiri, Marzieh Pirzadeh, Ali Akbar Moghadamnia

“…Aluminum poisoning has complex and multidimensional effects, such as disruption or inhibition of enzymes activities, changing protein synthesis, nucleic acid function, and cell membrane permeability, preventing DNA repair, altering the stability of DNA organization, inhibition of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inducing oxidative stress, decreasing activity of antioxidant enzymes, altering cellular iron homeostasis, and changing NF-kB, p53, and JNK pathway leading to apoptosis. …”
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Potential of Black Phosphorus in Immune-Based Therapeutic Strategies by Wenjuan Dong, Hu Wang, Hailin Liu, Chunqiao Zhou, Xuelin Zhang, Song Wang, Lin He

“…Black phosphorus (BP) consists of phosphorus atoms, an essential element of bone and nucleic acid, which covalently bonds to three adjacent phosphorus atoms to form a puckered bilayer structure. …”
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Clinical Significance of Molecular Diagnostic Tools for Bacterial Bloodstream Infections: A Systematic Review by Jean Pierre Rutanga, Therese Nyirahabimana

“…The majority of these tools focus on amplification based techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which allows the detection of nucleic acids (both DNA and small RNAs) that are specific to bacterial species and sequencing or nucleic acid hybridization that allows the detection of bacteria in order to reduce delay of appropriate antibiotic therapy. …”
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Mutanome Engineered RNA Immunotherapy: Towards Patient-Centered Tumor Vaccination by Mathias Vormehr, Barbara Schrörs, Sebastian Boegel, Martin Löwer, Özlem Türeci, Ugur Sahin

“…Advances in nucleic acid sequencing technologies have revolutionized the field of genomics, allowing the efficient targeting of mutated neoantigens for personalized cancer vaccination. …”
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Variation of gene ratios in mock communities constructed with purified 16S rRNA during processing by Georges Mikhael Nammoura Neto, René Peter Schneider

“…Abstract 16S ribosomal nucleic acid (16S rRNA) analysis allows to specifically target the metabolically active members of microbial communities. …”
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Predicted Cold Shock Proteins from the Extremophilic Bacterium Deinococcus maricopensis and Related Deinococcus Species by Michael J. LaGier

“…The Csp, termed Dm-Csp1, contains sequence features of Csps including a conserved cold shock domain and nucleic acid binding motifs. A tertiary model of Dm-Csp1 revealed an anticipated Csp structure containing five anti-parallel beta-strands, and ligand prediction experiments identified N-terminally located residues capable of binding single-stranded nucleic acids. …”
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Vaccine adjuvants for immunotherapy: type, mechanisms and clinical applications by Nimeet Desai, Sherrin Gotru, Sagar Salave, Lalitkumar K. Vora

“…We explore a range of innovative agents, including non-inflammatory nucleic acid adjuvants, bacterial derivatives, and synthetic molecules, which are redefining the role of adjuvants in immunotherapy. …”
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Antibacterial Effect of Dihydromyricetin on Specific Spoilage Organisms of Hybrid Grouper by Wenbo Huang, Jing Xie

“…The results showed that, with the increase of DMY concentration in the treatment group, the leakage of nucleic acid and protein increased significantly, the activity of ATPase and three critical enzymes in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway decreased significantly, and the activity of AKPase did not decrease significantly, . …”
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The Laboratory Diagnosis of Hepatitis B Virus by Mel Krajden, Gail McNabb, Martin Petric

“…Serological tests are used to distinguish acute, self-limited infections from chronic HBV infections and to monitor vaccine-induced immunity. Nucleic acid testing for HBV-DNA is increasingly being used to quantify HBV viral load and measure the effectiveness of therapeutic agents. …”
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Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis in chicks by pathological and real time-pcr methods by Mehmet Tuzcu, Murat Özmen, S. Reyhan Karakoç, Nevin Tuzcu, Atila Yoldaş

“…M. gallisepticum specific nucleic acid was amplified from tissue and swab samples of 22 broiler chicks by RT-PCR.…”
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Efficacy of spectroscopy in oral cancer detection: systematic review by Pinky Pavithran, Gheena Sukumaran

“…Specifically, when examining cytoplasm, healthy donors displayed pronounced protein (636, 845, 997, 1237, 1361, 1597, and 1645 cm–1), while patient samples presented prominent nucleic acid- (721, 780, and 1180 cm–1) and lipid- (1060, 1135, 1300, 1417, and 1745 cm–1) derived bands. …”
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Dendrimers as Carriers for siRNA Delivery and Gene Silencing: A Review by Jiangyu Wu, Weizhe Huang, Ziying He

“…Knowing that DNA and RNA possess a similar structure in terms of nucleic acid framework and the electronegative nature, one can also use the excellent DNA delivery properties of dendrimers to develop effective siRNA delivery systems. …”
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Inhibitory Effect of L-Methionine-Modified Microcrystalline Cellulose on Gram-Positive Bacteria by WU Simiao, YANG Haifan, LIANG Guannan, SUN Xinyang

“…Furthermore, it resulted in obvious changes in extracellular conductivity and the contents of nucleic acid and protein, which was closely related to the treatment time. …”
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Prevalence and causes of rifampicin-resistance genotypic/phenotypic discrepancy detected on Xpert MTB/RIF in Singapore by Caroline Victoria Choong, Lovel Galamay, Jerlyn Huixian Woo, Angeline Jie-Yin Tey, Cynthia Bin Eng Chee

“… The Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF) (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, US) has been pivotal in tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics, enabling the rapid detection of both TB and RIF resistance. Xpert, a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), is recommended by both the World Health Organization (WHO)1 and Singapore’s clinical management guidelines2 as a frontline diagnostic tool for TB and RIF resistance. …”
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Portable solutions for plant pathogen diagnostics: development, usage, and future potential by Anurag Yadav, Kusum Yadav

“…We examine the core technologies underlying these devices, such as biosensors, nucleic acid amplification techniques, and immunoassays, highlighting their applicability to detect bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens in diverse agricultural settings. …”
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Study of Traditional Uses, Extraction Procedures, Phytochemical Constituents, and Pharmacological Properties of Tiliacora triandra by Gitishree Das, Sushanto Gouda, Rout George Kerry, Hernán Cortes, María L. Del Prado-Audelo, Gerardo Leyva-Gómez, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou, Erick P. Gutiérrez-Grijalva, J. Basilio Heredia, Han-Seung Shin, Jayanta Kumar Patra

“…Bioactive compounds contained in T. triandra include phenolic compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acids, essential amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, vitamins, and nucleic acid precursors. Despite the plant species’ abundance of bioactive compounds, there is very little in vivo and clinical proof of its pharmacological significance. …”
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A Brief Review on Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease of Livestock: Conventional to Molecular Tools by Neeta Longjam, Rajib Deb, A. K. Sarmah, Tilling Tayo, V. B. Awachat, V. K. Saxena

“…Nucleotide sequencing for serotyping, microarray as well as recombinant antigen-based detection, biosensor, phage display, and nucleic-acid-based diagnostic are on the way for rapid and specific detection of FMDV. …”
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Emerging Role of Histone Acetyltransferase in Stem Cells and Cancer by Daniela Trisciuoglio, Marta Di Martile, Donatella Del Bufalo

“…Lysine acetylation can affect protein-nucleic acid or protein-protein interactions and protein localization, transport, stability, and activity. …”
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The Amsterdam Declaration on Fungal Nomenclature by D.L. Hawksworth, P.W. Crous, S.A. Redhead, D.R. Reynolds, R.A. Samson, K.A. Seifert, J.W. Taylor, M.J. Wingfield

“…In addition, but not forming part of the Declaration, are reports of discussions held during the symposium on the governance of the nomenclature offungi, and the naming of fungi known only from an environmental nucleic acid sequence in particular. Possible amendments to the Draft BioCode (2011) to allow for the needs of mycologists are suggested for further consideration, and a possible example of how a fungus only known from the environment might be described is presented.…”
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