Quantification of Soluble or Insoluble Fractions of Leishmania Parasite Proteins in Microvolume Applications: A Simplification to Standard Lowry Assay by Bhagya Deepachandi, Sudath Weerasinghe, Thisira Priyantha Andrahennadi, Nadira D. Karunaweera, Nadeeja Wickramarachchi, Preethi Soysa, Yamuna Siriwardana

“…Although the standard Lowry assay and its modifications are most abundantly used in protein quantification, the existing methods are rigid or often demonstrate nonlinearity between protein concentration and color intensity. …”
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Modeling the hydraulic roughness of a movable flatbed in a sand channel while considering the effects of water temperature by Junzheng Liu, Jinliang Zhang, Zhe Huang, Haijue Xu, Yuchuan Bai, Gang Wang

“…The new predictor suggested that the additional drag is nonlinearly proportional to the grain drag, and the scale factor between these two parameters is related to five flow‒sediment variables. …”
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Association between estimated pulse wave velocity and in-hospital mortality of patients with acute kidney injury: a retrospective cohort analysis of the MIMIC-IV database by Xinhai Cui, Yuanlong Hu, Dongxiao Li, Mengkai Lu, Zhiyuan Zhang, Dongfang Kan, Chao Li

“…Analysis using the RCS model confirmed a linear increase in the risk of hospital mortality as the ePWV values increased (P for nonlinearity = 0.602).Conclusions A high ePWV was significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among patients with AKI. …”
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Spatial and temporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of recreational ecosystem services supply-demand mismatch in rapidly urbanizing areas: Evidence from the Yangtze River D... by Ruien Tang, Guolin Hou, Yueyi Chen, Xiao Liu, Shaoying Chu, Li Li

“…We also examine the spatio-temporal processes and spatial spillover effects of supply–demand matching, as well as the nonlinearity and spatial non-stationarity of the role of the driving factors. …”
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Compressive stress-strain relationship of limestone calcined clay cement-based UHPC matrix by Kunjie Fan, Peng Du, Yao Yao

“…Furthermore, adding an appropriate amount of LC2 (no more than 30 %) to UHPC matrix is found to reduce the nonlinearity of compressive stress-strain relationships, thereby minimizing the plastic deformation of LC3-UHPC matrix. …”
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Model tests and simulation analyses on lateral deformation characteristics of PVD-improved ground by Qichang WU, Fang XU, Qishu ZHANG, Yangfa PENG, Xu HAN, Bo RUAN, Qi YANG

“…The outward lateral deformation of PVD-improved presents step growth patterns during the surcharge loading process, and the δom increases approximately linearly with the increase of ps, but increases nonlinearly with the increase of LR and the decrease of |pv|. …”
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Associations between serum total bilirubin and overactive bladder from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey by Bo Jiang, Bo Jiang, Bo Jiang, Cunbao Ling, Binbin Dong, Binbin Dong, Xiaoming Lu, Xiaoming Lu, Yadong Liu, Yadong Liu, Yadong Liu

“…RCS analysis indicated a non-linear association between STB and OAB (P for nonlinearity = 0.042), with an inflection point at 16.8 μmol/L. …”
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Prediction of the Influential Factors on Eating Behaviors: A Hybrid Model of Structural Equation Modelling-Artificial Neural Networks by Maryam M. Kheirollahpour, Mahmoud M. Danaee, Amir Faisal A. F. Merican, Asma Ahmad A. A. Shariff

“…However, in reality, the presence of nonlinearity among these factors causes a bias in the prediction models. …”
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Mechanical properties and piecewise constitutive model of fine sandstone in mining area of western China by Qing Wang, Dongxiao Zhang, Fei Han, Yongqiang Zhao, Pengfei Zhang, Feng Xiong

“…Still, there is a sudden increase in the plastic failure and post-peak failure stages. (2) The fine sandstone specimens’ input energy, elastic energy, and dissipative energy density increased nonlinearly during the cyclic loading tests. Owing to the closure of the primary pores in the microfracture compaction stage, dominant matrix deformation in the elastic deformation stage, and development and expansion of cracks in the plastic failure stage, with an increase in the cyclic loading and unloading times, the dissipative energy ratio first decreased and then increased. (3) Based on the tangential modulus, residual strain, and Felicity ratio, fine sandstone’s cyclic loading and unloading stress-strain curves were divided into microfracture compaction, elastic deformation, and plastic failure stages. …”
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Time-Varying Total Stiffness Matrix of a Rigid Machine Spindle-Angular Contact Ball Bearings Assembly: Theory and Analytical/Experimental Verifications by Fawzi M.A. El-Saeidy

“…The bearing analyses take into account the bearing nonlinearities, cage rotation and bearing axial preload. …”
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The association between obesity indicators and mortality among individuals with hyperlipidemia: evidence from the NHANES 2003–2018 by Yiheng Zhang, Yajun Yao

“…Conversely, a linear positive association was uncovered between WWI and mortality (both P > 0.05 for nonlinearity). Age, alcohol consumption and chronic kidney disease had modifying effects on the relationship between WWI and total mortality among those with hyperlipidemia. …”
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Association between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: mediating effect of blood pressure by Xinshui Wang, Xiaolin Huang, Yuexian Xing, Xiaohong Jiang, Fei Hua

“…A segmented regression model was used to explain nonlinearity, and subgroup analysis was conducted to assess interactions. …”
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Characterization and assessment of hydrogen leakage mechanisms in salt caverns by Mojtaba Ghaedi, Raoof Gholami

“…A finite-difference approximation with an iterative procedure was then used to treat the nonlinearity and solve the presented formulations. The formulations were validated against the experimental data reported in the literature. …”
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Stability Analysis of TBM Tunnel Undercrossing Existing High-Speed Railway Tunnel: A Case Study from Yangtaishan Tunnel of Shenzhen Metro Line 6 by Mingji Zhao, Yun Cheng, Zhanping Song, Tong Wang, Yuwei Zhang, Yitong Gong, Yuncai Song

“…The horizontal deformation of the existing tunnel was varied first linearly and then nonlinearly with maximum deformation in the convergence stage of 1.47 mm.…”
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Equalizer Design: HBOA-DE-trained radial basis function neural networks by Santosh Kumar Das, Satya Ranjan Pattanaik, Pradyumna Kumar Mohapatra, Saroja Kumar Rout, Abdulaziz S. Almazyad, Muhammed Basheer Jasser, Guojiang Xiong, Ali Wagdy Mohamed

“…As a further step in the evaluation of the HBOA-DE-based RBFNN equalizer, three non-linear channels and adding different nonlinearities have been simulated. The proposed algorithm is compared with well-known algorithms in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE) and Bit Error Rate (BER). …”
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Numerical Simulation of Multi-point Corona Discharge Characteristics in Thunderstorms by Xu Dewang, Tan Yongbo

“…If the point does not release a corona charge, the suppression electric field at the point is nonlinearly related to the environmental electric field. …”
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Criminological principles of transitional justice for Ukraine: zones of criminogenic risks by Y. V. Orlov, L. V. Dundych

“…This dilemma is a typical manifestation of binary opposition, which makes it impossible to think and practice in the format of nonlinearity of the history, socio-temporal multidimensionality in a single chronotope of pre-conflict and conflict events. …”
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Association of sleep duration and sleep disorders with post-stroke depression and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in US stroke survivors: results from NHANES 2005–20... by Weirong Chen, Yingying Shen, Shina Song, Xiaofeng Li

“…Restricted cubic spline modeling suggested that sleep duration was nonlinearly and linearly associated with post-stroke depression and all-cause mortality, respectively. …”
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Finite Element Analysis of Horizontal Bearing Capacity for the Composite Diaphragm Wall Anchor Foundation by Qian Yin, Leyong Wei, Xiaojuan Li, Weiming Gong, Xueying Yang, Guoliang Dai, Shunkai Peng

“…At the failure state, a passive failure wedge forms on the outer side of the front wall of the foundation due to soil compression, while an active failure wedge develops on the outer side of the back wall, and both the displacement and rotation of the foundation increase nonlinearly with the applied load. As the load increases, the passive earth pressure on the front wall’s outer side rises, while the active earth pressure on the back wall’s outer side decreases. …”
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Study on Mechanical Performance of Prestressed UHPFRC U-Beam Bridges by Mengying Liu, Eugen Brühwiler, Fengkun Cui, Yue Xu

“…Then, the finite element model considering material nonlinearity and structural ductility is established using Midas FEA software. …”
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