A Survey of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes—Part I: Therapies and Devices by Daisuke Takahashi, Yang Xiao, Fei Hu, Michael Lewis

“…However, the complete replacement of exogenous insulin is still a challenging issue because of its complexity of modeling the dynamics, which is typically modeled nonlinearly. On the other hand, thanks to the progress of medical devices, currently the diabetes therapies are being automated. …”
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Effect of Particle Breakage and Shape on the Mechanical Behaviors of Granular Materials by Yongxin Wang, Shengjun Shao, Zhi Wang

“…The particle breakage property under loading is an important factor affecting the nonlinearity of the shear strength and stress-strain curves of coarse-grained soils. …”
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Torsional Oscillations in Automotive Transmissions: Experimental Analysis and Modelling by Enrico Galvagno, Mauro Velardocchia, Alessandro Vigliani

“…Moreover, the effects of the nonlinearities associated with the mean value of the excitations are shown. …”
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Multivariable Time Series Prediction for the Icing Process on Overhead Power Transmission Line by Peng Li, Na Zhao, Donghua Zhou, Min Cao, Jingjie Li, Xinling Shi

“…Given the characteristics of complexity, nonlinearity, and fitfulness in the line icing process, a model based on a multivariable time series is presented here to predict the icing load of a transmission line. …”
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Association of ambient air pollutants with blood physiological and biochemical indicators and systemic immune inflammation index in people living around Beijing: an analysis of air... by Bingqian DU, Zhiqiang REN, Peian CHEN, Zhenjun LI

“…RCS model analysis showed an inverted U-shaped relationship between PM10 concentration and MO# and MCH, and between O3 concentration and SIRI (all P for nonlinearity < 0.05). A U-shaped relationship was observed between PM2.5 concentration and MO#, between PM10 concentration and PCT, and between CO concentration and MO# (all P for nonlinearity < 0.05). …”
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Parameter Identification of the 2-Chlorophenol Oxidation Model Using Improved Differential Search Algorithm by Guang-zhou Chen, Jia-quan Wang, Ru-zhong Li

“…Then, to address the nonlinearity of the model, two improved differential search (DS) algorithms were proposed to carry out the parameter identification of the model. …”
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On stabilization of magnetically charged brane shell and over-extremality by Sohei Tsukahara

“…This brane shell has finite radii due to the nonlinearity peculiar to string theory, even at the probe level. …”
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Synthesis and Characterization of Cerium Doped Titanium Catalyst for the Degradation of Nitrobenzene Using Visible Light by Padmini Ellappan, Lima Rose Miranda

“…The degradation mechanism followed the Langmuir Hinshelwood kinetic model with the rate constant depending nonlinearly on the operational parameters as given by the relationship Kapp (theoretical) = 2.29 * 10−4 * Intensity0.584 * Concentration−0.230 * Dosage0.425 * pH0.336.…”
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Morphological and multifractal studies of nanocrystalline Au films by Mehrdad Ahmadi, Maryam Nasehnejad

“…Furthermore, it was observed that surfaces with greater roughness displayed larger nonlinearity and wider width of the multifractal spectrum. …”
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Transformer-based short-term traffic forecasting model considering traffic spatiotemporal correlation by Ande Chang, Yuting Ji, Yiming Bie

“…However, many existing prediction models struggle to accurately capture the spatiotemporal patterns in traffic data due to its inherent nonlinearity, high dimensionality, and complex dependencies. …”
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Transmission of Normal P-Waves across a Single Joint Based on g‐λ Model by Zhanfeng Fan, Jichun Zhang, Hua Xu, Jianhua Cai

“…First, considering a coupled joint (correction parameter λ, 0<λ<1), a normal deformation constitutive model of the joint (g‐λ model) under static or quasi-static loading is introduced and then extended to dynamic loading. The nonlinearity of the joint stress-deformation curve increases with increasing λ. …”
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Study of Internal Pressure Field Characteristics in Gearboxes of a Heavy-haul Locomotive Based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method by Zhou Qiubing, Xu Yanhui, Zhou Ziwei, Chen Zaigang

“…The absolute values of the mean pressure difference or the mean values of the pressure at all the monitoring points are positively and nonlinearly correlated with the gear speed. The change of the gear steering will change the pressure difference between the upper and lower points of the gear meshing area. …”
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A Deep Q-Network-Based Collaborative Control Research for Smart Ammunition Formation by Jian Shen, Benkang Zhang, Qingyu Zhu, Pengyun Chen

“…The smart ammunition formation (SAF) system model usually has the characteristics of complexity, time variation, and nonlinearity. With the consideration of random factors, such as sensor error and environmental disturbance, the system model cannot be modeled accurately. …”
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An Improved Deep Learning Model for Electricity Price Forecasting by Rashed Iqbal, Hazlie Mokhlis, Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin, Munir Azam Muhammad

“…However, accurate EPF is very challenging due to complex nonlinearity in the time series-based electricity prices. …”
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Short-Term Passenger Flow Forecasting for Rail Transit considering Chaos Theory and Improved EMD-PSO-LSTM-Combined Optimization by Lixin Zhao, Hui Jin, Xintong Zou, Xiao Liu

“…This paper proposes a prediction method based on chaos theory and an improved empirical-modal-decomposition particle-swarm-optimization long short-term-memory (EMD-PSO-LSTM)-combined optimization process for passenger flow data with high nonlinearity and dynamic space-time dependence, using EMD to process the original passenger flow data and generate several eigenmodal functions (IMFs) and residuals with different characteristic scales. …”
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Adaptive Neural Network Variable Structure Control for Liquid-Filled Spacecraft under Unknown Input Saturation by Hongwei Wang, Shufeng Lu, Xiaojuan Song

“…Also, the saturation compensation scheme is derived by using a radial basis function neural network to approximate the unknown saturation nonlinearity. The associated stability proof of the resulting closed-loop system is presented based on Lyapunov analysis, and asymptotic convergence of the state variables is guaranteed via the Barbalat lemma. …”
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Static Aeroelastic Characteristics of Morphing Trailing-Edge Wing Using Geometrically Exact Vortex Lattice Method by Sen Mao, Changchuan Xie, Lan Yang, Chao Yang

“…The results indicate that the geometrically exact VLM can better describe the aerodynamic nonlinearity of a morphing TE wing in consideration of geometrical deformation in aeroelastic analysis. …”
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Structural and seismic vulnerability assessment of the Santa Maria Assunta Cathedral in Catanzaro (Italy): classical and advanced approaches for the analysis of local and global fa... by Fabrizio Greco, Daniele Gaetano, Lorenzo Leonetti, Paolo Lonetti, Arturo Pascuzzo, Aurora Skrame

“…A novel model based on inter-element fracture approach is used for the material nonlinearity and its results are compared with a well-known classical damage model in order to point out the capability of the method. …”
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A hybrid stock prediction method based on periodic/non-periodic features analyses by Cheng Zhao, Junyi Cai, Shuyi Yang

“…Stock price prediction is a challenging task due to the nonlinearity and high volatility of stock time series. …”
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A New 6D Two-wing Hyperchaotic System: Dynamical Analysis, Circuit Design, and Sinchronization by Michael Kopp, Inna Samuilik

“…These terms comprise two cross-product nonlinearities, two piecewise linear functions, six linear terms, and one constant. …”
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