Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations during music-evoked autobiographical memories in neurotypical older adults by Teresa Lesiuk, Kaitlyn Dillon, Giulia Ripani, Ioannis Iliadis, Gabriel Perez, Bonnie Levin, Xiaoyan Sun, Roger McIntosh

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The preference for surprise in reinforcement learning underlies the differences in developmental changes in risk preference between autistic and neurotypical youth by Motofumi Sumiya, Kentaro Katahira, Hironori Akechi, Atsushi Senju

“…Although extensive developmental research on the neurotypical (NTP) population has shown that risk preference is highest during adolescence, developmental changes in risk preference in autistic (AUT) people, who tend to prefer predictable behaviors, have not been investigated. …”
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Machine learning reveals sex differences in distinguishing between conduct-disordered and neurotypical youth based on emotion processing dysfunction by Gregor Kohls, Erik M. Elster, Peter Tino, Graeme Fairchild, Christina Stadler, Arne Popma, Christine M. Freitag, Stephane A. De Brito, Kerstin Konrad, Ruth Pauli

“…Here, we used novel analytic techniques such as machine learning (ML) to uncover potentially sex-specific differences in emotion dysfunction among girls and boys with CD compared to their neurotypical peers. Methods Multi-site data from 542 youth with CD and 710 neurotypical controls (64% girls, 9–18 years) who completed emotion recognition, learning, and regulation tasks were analyzed using a multivariate ML classifier to distinguish between youth with CD and controls separately by sex. …”
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Early selective attention to the articulating mouth as a potential female-specific marker of better language development in autism: a review by Itziar Lozano, Charlotte Viktorsson, Elena Capelli, Teodora Gliga, Valentina Riva, Przemysław Tomalski

“…Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition with early onset, usually entailing language differences compared to neurotypical peers. Females are four times less likely than males to be diagnosed with autism, and the language features associated with this condition are less frequent in females than in males. …”
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Listening habits and subjective effects of background music in young adults with and without ADHD by Kelly-Ann Lachance, Pénélope Pelland-Goulet, Pénélope Pelland-Goulet, Pénélope Pelland-Goulet, Nathalie Gosselin

“…The results indicate that certain listening habits differ significantly between the neurotypical and ADHD-screened groups. The ADHD-screened group reports significantly more background music listening during less cognitive activities and while studying, compared to the neurotypical group. …”
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ALTRIRAS: A Computer Game for Training Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Recognition of Basic Emotions by Leandro M. Almeida, Diego P. da Silva, Daieny P. Theodório, Wolley W. Silva, Silvia Cristina M. Rodrigues, Terigi A. Scardovelli, Alessandro P. da Silva, Marcia Aparecida S. Bissaco

“…All experts and children with neurotypical development answered the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire after playing the game. …”
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Travail coopératif avec un robot pédagogique : quels effets sur le ressenti des élèves avec TSA ? by Magalie Duprat

“…In particular, it will be necessary to report the feelings of pupils ASD with low verbal and that of neurotypical pupils when they are brought to work in cooperation, through a digital working environment.…”
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Gut Microbiota in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review by Safae El Mazouri, Tarik Aanniz, Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Rachid El Jaoudi, Mahardian Rahmadi, Chrismawan Ardianto, Mouna Ouadghiri

“…We conducted a systematic review to summarize previously published data to compare the profile of gut microbiota between autistic and neurotypical subjects. The outcomes of interventions such as prebiotics, probiotics, and microbiota transplantation therapy to overcome the symptomatology of ASD were also discussed. …”
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Anxiety During Employment-Seeking for Autistic Adults by Tamara Hildebrandt, Kate Simpson, Dawn Adams

“…Background/Objectives: Autistic adults are more likely to be unemployed compared to neurotypical adults and those with disability. To address these poorer employment outcomes, it is important to consider factors that may be impacting on autistic adults’ employment outcomes. …”
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Towards a New Taxonomy of Pattern-Making in the Visuo-Spatial Domain in Early Childhood Based on Zygonic Theory and the Sounds of Intent Framework of Musical Development by Adam Ockelford, Sarah McCarthy, Sue Gifford, Helen Thouless, Sharon Kirk, Michael Thorpe

“…Prior observational studies of children with both neurotypical and non-typical development (i.e., Ockelford et al., 2011 ; Voyajolu, 2021 ) have confirmed this thinking. …”
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Danger Is a Signal, Not a State: Bigaagarri—An Indigenous Protocol for Dancing Around Threats to Wellbeing by Phillip Orcher, Victoria J. Palmer, Tyson Yunkaporta

“…It contests the dominant social imaginaries and narratives embedded in standard service models, which perpetuate the ongoing recolonisation of Indigenous identities, and common exclusion of others outside of the neurotypical majority. The Bigaagarri protocol is a potential way forward to reimagine preventive health landscapes, decolonise support for suicide and mental health through the embedding of Indigenous knowledges to lead to holistic approaches for wellbeing.…”
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The Practical Implications of Re-Referencing in ERP Studies: The Case of N400 in the Picture–Word Verification Task by Vojislav Jovanović, Igor Petrušić, Vanja Ković, Andrej M. Savić

“…<b>Methods:</b> The study was conducted on 17 neurotypical participants. Based on previous research, the references evaluated included the common average reference (AVE), mean earlobe reference (EARS), left mastoid reference (L), mean mastoids reference (MM), neutral infinity reference (REST), and vertex reference (VERT). …”
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Remodeling the light-adapted electroretinogram using a bayesian statistical approach by Marek Brabec, Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos, Lynne Loh, Irene O. Lee, Mikhail Kulyabin, Aleksei Zhdanov, Hugo Posada-Quintero, Dorothy A. Thompson, Paul A. Constable

“…Electroretinograms were recorded in n = 25 ADHD (16 male; age 11.9 ± 2.7 years) and n = 38 (8 male; age 10.4 ± 2.8 years neurotypical control participants as part of a broad study into the determining if the electroretinogram could be a biomarker for ADHD. …”
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Comparison of modelled diffusion-derived electrical conductivities found using magnetic resonance imaging by Sasha Hakhu, Leland S. Hu, Scott Beeman, Rosalind J. Sadleir

“…This study investigates the variability in conductivity predictions across different microstructure models and evaluates their alignment with experimental observations.MethodsWe used publicly available diffusion databases from neurotypical adults to extract microstructure parameters for three diffusion-based brain models: Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI), Soma and Neurite Density Imaging (SANDI), and Spherical Mean technique (SMT) conductivity predictions were calculated for gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) tissues using each model. …”
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The diagnostic conundrum of late-onset developmental regression in child psychiatry: case series by Shalu Elizabeth Abraham, Sakhardande Kasturi Atmaram, Poornima Khadanga, Nirmalya Mukherjee, Rajendra Kiragasur Madegowda, Harshini Manohar

“…Method We discuss a case series of ten children aged 6–10 years, with neurotypical development, presenting with late-onset developmental regression (>6 years of age), their clinical course and outcome at 1 year. …”
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Dopamine receptors and key elements of the neurotrophins (BDNF, CDNF) expression patterns during critical periods of ontogenesis in the brain structures of mice with autism-like be... by P. D. Pravikova, M. A. Arssan, E. A. Zalivina, E. M. Kondaurova, E. A. Kulikova, I. I. Belokopytova, V. S. Naumenko

“…In this study, we investigated the expression of key dopamine receptors (Drd1, Drd2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), its receptors (Ntrkb2, Ngfr) and the transcription factor Creb1 that mediates BDNF action, as well as cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (Cdnf) during the critical periods of embryogenesis (e14 and e18) and postnatal development (p14, p28, p60) in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of BTBR mice with autism-like behavior compared to the neurotypical C57BL/6 J strain. In BTBR embryos, on the 14th day of prenatal development, an increase in the expression of the Ngfr gene encoding the p75NTR receptor, which may lead to the activation of apoptosis, was found in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. …”
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A novel framework to predict ADHD symptoms using irritability in adolescents and young adults with and without ADHD by Saeedeh Komijani, Dipak Ghosal, Manpreet K. Singh, Julie B. Schweitzer, Julie B. Schweitzer, Prerona Mukherjee, Prerona Mukherjee

“…Our data included adolescents (N=148, 54% ADHD) and young adults (N=124, 42% ADHD) diagnosed with ADHD and neurotypical (NT) individuals, evaluated in a longitudinal study.ResultsResults from the linear regression analysis indicate a significant association between irritability at time-point 1 (T1) and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms at time-point 2 (T2) in adolescent females (β=0.26, p-value &lt; 0.001), and inattentiveness at T1 with irritability at T2 in young adult females (β=0.49, p-value &lt; 0.05). …”
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A comparative machine learning study of schizophrenia biomarkers derived from functional connectivity by Victoria Shevchenko, R. Austin Benn, Robert Scholz, Wei Wei, Carla Pallavicini, Ulysse Klatzmann, Francesco Alberti, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Demian Wassermann, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Daniel S. Margulies

“…Functional connectivity within the primary sensory regions showed the highest discrimination capabilities between subjects with schizophrenia and neurotypical controls. These findings along with the feature selection pipeline proposed here will facilitate future inquiries into the prediction of schizophrenia subtypes and transdiagnostic phenomena.…”
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Investigating heterogeneity across autism, ADHD, and typical development using measures of cortical thickness, surface area, cortical/subcortical volume, and structural covariance by Younes Sadat-Nejad, Younes Sadat-Nejad, Marlee M. Vandewouw, Marlee M. Vandewouw, R. Cardy, J. Lerch, J. Lerch, J. Lerch, M. J. Taylor, M. J. Taylor, A. Iaboni, C. Hammill, B. Syed, J. A. Brian, J. A. Brian, E. Kelley, E. Kelley, E. Kelley, M. Ayub, J. Crosbie, J. Crosbie, R. Schachar, R. Schachar, S. Georgiades, R. Nicolson, E. Anagnostou, E. Anagnostou, A. Kushki, A. Kushki

“…To address this gap, data-driven methods can be used to discover groups of individuals with shared biological patterns.MethodsIn this study, we investigated measures derived from cortical/subcortical volume, surface area, cortical thickness, and structural covariance investigated of 565 participants with diagnoses of autism [n = 262, median(IQR) age = 12.2(5.9), 22% female], and ADHD [n = 171, median(IQR) age = 11.1(4.0), 21% female] as well neurotypical children [n = 132, median(IQR) age = 12.1(6.7), 43% female]. …”
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Event segmentation in ADHD: neglect of social information and deviant theta activity point to a mechanism underlying ADHD by Christian Beste, Veit Roessner, Astrid Prochnow, Xianzhen Zhou, Foroogh Ghorbani, Bernhard Hommel

“…Although the symptoms appear to be well described, no coherent conceptual mechanistic framework integrates their occurrence and variance and the associated problems that people with ADHD face.Aims The current study proposes that altered event segmentation processes provide a novel mechanistic framework for understanding deficits in ADHD.Methods Adolescents with ADHD and neurotypically developing (NT) peers watched a short movie and were then asked to indicate the boundaries between meaningful segments of the movie. …”
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