Comprehensive Insight of Neurodegenerative Diseases and The Role of Neurotoxin Agents — Glutamate by Hui-Min Yap, Kwan-Liang Lye, Loh Teng-Hern Tan

“…This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of neurodegenerative diseases and the role of neurotoxin agents, glutamate in these diseases.…”
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An automated platform for simultaneous, longitudinal analysis of engineered neuromuscular tissues for applications in neurotoxin potency testing by Jacob W. Fleming, Molly C. McCloskey, Kevin Gray, David R. Nash, Vincent Leung, Christos Michas, Shawn M. Luttrell, Christopher Cavanaugh, Julie Mathieu, Shawn Mcquire, Mark Bothwell, David L. Mack, Nicholas A. Geisse, Alec S.T. Smith

“…Dose-response studies using botulinum neurotoxin showed loss of function in a dose- and time-dependent manner (EC50 − 0.11 ± 0.015 µg). …”
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New approach to generating of human monoclonal antibodies specific to the proteolytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin A by Marina Vladimirovna Silkina, Alena Sergeevna Kartseva, Alena Konstantinovna Riabko, Mariia Aleksandrovna Makarova, Metkhun Madibronovich Rogozin, Yana Olegovna Romanenko, Igor Georgievich Shemyakin, Ivan Alekseevich Dyatlov, Victoria Valerievna Firstova

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Blockade of Glutamate Release by Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in Humans: A Dermal Microdialysis Study by Larissa Bittencourt da Silva, Ali Karshenas, Flemming W Bach, Sten Rasmussen, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Parisa Gazerani

“…BACKGROUND: The analgesic action of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) has been linked to the blockade of peripheral release of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in animal models; however, there is no direct evidence of this in humans.…”
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Development of a Cell-Based Functional Assay for the Detection of Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin Types A and E by Uma Basavanna, Tim Muruvanda, Eric W. Brown, Shashi K. Sharma

“…The standard procedure for definitive detection of BoNT-producing Clostridia is a culture method combined with neurotoxin detection using a standard mouse bioassay (MBA). …”
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Application of neurotoxin- and pesticide-induced animal models of Parkinson’s disease in the evaluation of new drug delivery systems by Casanova Yaquelyn, Negro Sofia, Barcia Emilia

“…Here, we review the use of neurotoxin-induced and pesticide-induced animal models of PD, specifically those induced by rotenone, paraquat, maneb, MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) and 6-OHDA (6-hydroxydopamine), and their application in the development of new drug delivery systems for PD.…”
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Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Randomized Study Comparing Two Doses by René Arnouk, Carlos Henrique Suzuki Bellucci, Roberto Benatuil Stull, José de Bessa Junior, Cesar Augusto Malave, Cristiano Mendes Gomes

“…To assess the efficacy and safety of intraprostatic injection of two botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) doses for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). …”
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Botulinum Neurotoxin Application to the Severed Femoral Nerve Modulates Spinal Synaptic Responses to Axotomy and Enhances Motor Recovery in Rats by Marcel Irintchev, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Andrey Irintchev

“…Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are known for their ability to influence synaptic inputs to neurons. …”
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Application of Purified Botulinum Type A Neurotoxin to Treat Experimental Trigeminal Neuropathy in Rats and Patients with Urinary Incontinence and Prostatic Hyperplasia by Yoshizo Matsuka, Teruhiko Yokoyama, Yumiko Yamamoto, Tomonori Suzuki, Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati, Atsushi Nishikawa, Tohru Ohyama, Toshihiro Watanabe, Takuo Kuboki, Atsushi Nagai, Keiji Oguma

“…Type A neurotoxin (NTX) of Clostridium botulinum was purified by a simple procedure using a lactose gel column. …”
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Development of a Recombinant Fusion Vaccine Candidate Against Lethal <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Neurotoxin Types A and B by Eun-Sun Choi, Seong-Wook Pyo, So-Hyeon Kim, Jun-Ho Jeon, Gi-Eun Rhie, Mi-Ran Yun, Hwajung Yi, Yoon-Seok Chung

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Focal hand dystonia due to hemorrhage of the cervical spinal mass: a case report by Pelin Analay, Hazal Sevinç, Hilmi Berkan Abacıoğlu, Rahşan Göçmen, Bayram Kaymak, Levent Özçakar

Subjects: “…botulinum neurotoxin a…”
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Case Report: Combination of focal vibration therapy and botulinum toxin injections to treat equinus gait in a child with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy by Christophe Boulay, Christophe Boulay, Christophe Boulay, Jacques-Olivier Coq, Morgan Sangeux, Morgan Sangeux, Guillaume Authier, Guillaume Authier, Alexis Ulian, Alexis Ulian, Maud Pradines, Maud Pradines, Marjolaine Baude, Marjolaine Baude, Béatrice Desnous, Jean-Luc Jouve, Jean-Luc Jouve, Bernard Parratte, Emilie Peltier, Sébastien Pesenti, Jean-Michel Gracies, Jean-Michel Gracies

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INDUCTION OF ACETYLATION PROCESSES IN ANIMALS WITH SEROTONERGIC NEURON DYSFUNCTION REVERSES THEIR CAPABILITY OF LONG-TERM MEMORY FORMATION by O. V. Vorobiova, L. N. Grinkevich

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Conflicting Clinical Presentation of Infection with Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium perfringens in a 5-Month-Old Infant by Barbara Schaub, MD, Carolyn Luhman-Lunt, MD, Andrea Ott, MD, Maren Krüger, DSc, Martin Skiba, PhD, Sylvia Worbs, PhD, Brigitte G. Dorner, PhD, Michael Buettcher, MD, Martin B. Dorner, PhD

“…Botulism and sepsis symptoms could be explained by the presence of a neurotoxin-producing Clostridium botulinum and an acute infection with enterotoxin-producing Clostridium perfringens.…”
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Anatomical-based diagnosis and filler injection techniques: marionette line (static labiomandibular fold) by Gi-Woong Hong, Sky Wong, Song-Eun Yoon, Jovian Wan, Kyu-Ho Yi

“…Filler injections, particularly using a cannula for deeper layers, are effective for addressing volumetric loss in the supramuscular and submuscular layers. Neurotoxin injections into the depressor anguli oris muscle can enhance results by reducing downward force on the oral commissure.Conclusions Marionette lines are complex, multifactorial wrinkles that benefit from a multimodal treatment approach, combining dermal fillers and neurotoxins. …”
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The Effect of Different Doses of Botulinum Toxin on Masseter Muscle in Patients with Bruxism. by Kawa F. Dizaye, Sarezh Jamal Jalal

“…This study aimed to find out the effect of two different doses of injecting botulinum neurotoxin in masseter muscle in a patient with bruxism. …”
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An NR2B-Dependent Decrease in the Expression of trkB Receptors Precedes the Disappearance of Dopaminergic Cells in Substantia Nigra in a Rat Model of Presymptomatic Parkinson's Dis... by Eduardo Riquelme, Jorge Abarca, Jorge M. Campusano, Gonzalo Bustos

“…In the present study, we evaluated the expression of the specific BDNF receptor, trkB, in a rat model of presymptomatic PD generated by intrastriatal injection of the neurotoxin 6-OHDA. Immunohistochemical studies revealed a decrease in trkB expression in SN pars compacta (SNc) seven days after 6-OHDA injection. …”
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Role of crotoxin, a phospholipase A2 isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom, on inflammatory and immune reactions by Diva F. Cardoso, Monica Lopes-Ferreira, Eliana L. Faquim-Mauro, Mahasti S. Macedo, Sandra H. P. Farsky

“…Background: Crotoxin (CTX) is a potent neurotoxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom (CdtV) composed of two subunits: one without catalytic activity (crotapotin), and a basic phospolipase A2. …”
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An Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism in Ontario by Mona R Loutfy, John W Austin, Burke Blanchfield, Ignatius W Fong

“…Botulism is a rare paralytic illness resulting from a potent neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. Botulism in Canada is predominately due to C botulinum type E and affects mainly the First Nations and Inuit populations. …”
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Cookware as source of toxic metals: An overview by Okunola Alabi, Amos Tomiwa Afolabi

“…Lead, a well-known neurotoxin, can be released from cookware, presenting a risk when ingested. …”
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