Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Signs and Symptoms, Neural Mechanisms, Positron Emission Tomography, and Therapeutic Interventions by K. L. Leenders, W. H. Oertel

“…This has increased our insight in the pathophysiology of the disease and permits direct study of disease progression at a biochemical level and equally to monitor whether potential neuroprotective interventions are indeed effective. Thus far no drug has emerged but promising substances are currently being studied.…”
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Epigenetic Modulation of Microglia Function and Phenotypes in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Li Wang, Chao-Chao Yu, Xin-Yuan Liu, Xiao-Ni Deng, Qing Tian, Yan-Jun Du

“…Accumulating evidence indicates that microglia play both neuroprotective and detrimental roles in the onset and progression of NDDs. …”
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Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Transmitochondrial Cybrids Protected from Cellular Damage and Death by Human Retinal Progenitor Cells (hRPCs) by Jeffrey J. Yu, Daniel B. Azzam, Marilyn Chwa, Kevin Schneider, Jang-Hyeon Cho, Chinhui Hsiang, Henry Klassen, M. Cristina Kenney, Jing Yang

“…Furthermore, hRPCs cocultured with AMD cybrids showed upregulation of (1) neuronal and glial markers, as well as (2) putative neuroprotective factors, responses not found when hRPCs were cocultured with age-matched normal cybrids. …”
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Exosomes Derived from CXCR4-Overexpressing BMSC Promoted Activation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Xutong Li, Ye Zhang, Yong Wang, Dan Zhao, Chengcheng Sun, Shaoting Zhou, Dongsheng Xu, Jing Zhao

“…Ischemic stroke is a severe acute cerebrovascular disease which can be improved with neuroprotective therapies at an early stage. However, due to the lack of effective neuroprotective drugs, most stroke patients have varying degrees of long-term disability. …”
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Controversies in the Anesthetic Management of Intraoperative Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysm by Tumul Chowdhury, Andrea Petropolis, Marshall Wilkinson, Bernhard Schaller, Nora Sandu, Ronald B. Cappellani

“…The third controversy pertains to hemodynamic goals. The neuroprotective effects of various factors, including hypothermia, various anesthetic/pharmacologic agents, and burst suppression, remain poorly understood and have yet to be further elucidated. …”
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The Role of the Innate Immune System in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: An Eye on Microglia by Elisa Ridolfi, Cinzia Barone, Elio Scarpini, Daniela Galimberti

“…While short-term microglial activity has generally a neuroprotective role, chronic activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including AD and FTLD. …”
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Trehalose Ameliorates Zebrafish Emotional and Social Deficits Caused by CLN8 Dysfunction by Rosario Licitra, Stefania Della Vecchia, Lorenzo Santucci, Rachele Vivarelli, Sara Bernardi, Filippo M. Santorelli, Maria Marchese

“…Trehalose holds promise as a therapeutic agent for CLN8, warranting further research into its neuroprotective mechanisms and clinical applications.…”
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Single Photon Emission Tomography Imaging in Parkinsonian Disorders: A Review by Paul D. Acton, P. David Mozley

“…Imaging is now being utilised to elucidate the genetic contribution to Parkinson’s disease, and in longitudinal studies to assess the efficacy and mode of action of neuroprotective drug and surgical treatments. This review summarises recent applications of SPECT imaging in the study of parkinsonian disorders, with particular reference to the increasing role it is playing in the understanding, diagnosis and management of these diseases.…”
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Sacha Inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i>): Potential Bioactivity, Extraction Methods, and Microencapsulation Techniques by Sarah Gustia Redjeki, Alfa Fildzah Hulwana, Rizqa Nurul Aulia, Ira Maya, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa, Sriwidodo Sriwidodo

“…Sacha inchi oil is rich in fatty acids, particularly omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9, along with antioxidants such as tocopherols, which collectively contribute to cardiovascular health, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective effects. The susceptibility of the oil to oxidation poses significant challenges for both storage and processing, making it essential to employ microencapsulation technologies to preserve its integrity and extend shelf life. …”
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Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: clinical applications and challenges by Kamran Sheikhi, Salah Ghaderi, Hassan Firouzi, Sarvenaz Rahimibarghani, Ehsan Shabani, Hamed Afkhami, Hamed Afkhami, Hamed Afkhami, Aref Yarahmadi

“…Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy offers a promising alternative, leveraging its immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and regenerative capabilities. This review provides an in-depth analysis of MSC mechanisms of action, including immune system regulation, promotion of remyelination, and neuroregeneration. …”
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Insulin Blocks Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in Differentiated SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells by Madhavan Nampoothiri, Neetinkumar D. Reddy, Jessy John, Nitesh Kumar, Gopalan Kutty Nampurath, Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi

“…Thus, we examined the neuroprotective effect of insulin on glutamate-induced toxicity on differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. …”
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Neuroinflammation and Cerebrovascular Disease in Old Age: A Translational Medicine Perspective by Mario Di Napoli, Imtiaz M. Shah

“…With the increasing use of reperfusion therapies, inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress remain attractive therapeutic targets for the development of adjuvant neuroprotective agents. This paper will discuss these molecular aspects of acute stroke and senescence from a bench-to-bedside research perspective.…”
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Natural sources, refined extraction, biosynthesis, metabolism, and bioactivities of dietary polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) by Renyou Gan, Yi Liu, Hang Li, Yu Xia, Huan Guo, Fang Geng, Qiguo Zhuang, Huabin Li, Dingtao Wu

“…PMFs have received increasing attention due to their multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, metabolic regulatory, immunoregulatory, neuroprotective, and skin protective effects. These bioactivities of PMFs should be associated with the regulation of critical molecular targets and the interaction with gut microbiota. …”
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Effects of Various Flavonoids on the α-Synuclein Fibrillation Process by Xiaoyun Meng, Larissa A. Munishkina, Anthony L. Fink, Vladimir N. Uversky

“…Over 4,000 flavonoids have been identified from various plants and foodstuffs derived from plants and have been demonstrated as potential neuroprotective agents. In this study 48 flavonoids belonging to several classes with structures differing in the position of double bonds and ring substituents were tested for their ability to inhibit the fibrillation of α-synuclein in vitro. …”
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Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease by Rachel Denyer, Michael R. Douglas

“…More radically, gene therapy could be used to correct the imbalances in basal ganglia circuitry associated with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, or to preserve or restore dopaminergic neurons lost during the disease process itself. The latter neuroprotective approach is the most exciting, as it could theoretically be disease modifying rather than simply symptom alleviating. …”
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Nonhematopoietic Variants of Erythropoietin in Ischemic Stroke: Need for Step-Wise Proof-of-Concept Studies by Dirk M. Hermann

“…Neuroprotective, but not hematopoietic, variants of erythropoietin (EPO), such as Neuro-EPO, are promising candidates for treatment in the acute and subacute stroke phase. …”
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YELLOW CAMELLIAS: A REVIEW OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES by Thi Diep Trinh

“…Many pharmacological studies have proved that the total extracts, fractions, and isolated substances from yellow camellia species possess antioxidant, anticancer, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antiallergic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, and antidepressant activities. …”
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Complete pathway elucidation of echinacoside in Cistanche tubulosa and de novo biosynthesis of phenylethanoid glycosides by Wenqian Huang, Yaru Yan, Weisheng Tian, Xiaoxue Cui, Yingxia Wang, Yuelin Song, Ting Mo, Xiping Xu, Saijing Zhao, Yuyu Liu, Xiaohui Wang, Juan Wang, Yong Jiang, Jun Li, She-po Shi, Xiao Liu, Pengfei Tu

“…Abstract Echinacoside (ECH), one of the most representative phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), has considerable neuroprotective effects and is an effective ingredient in numerous commercial drugs. …”
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Irisin regulates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through the UCP2-AMPK pathway in prion diseases by Pei Wen, Zhixin Sun, Dongming Yang, Jie Li, Zhiping Li, Mengyang Zhao, DongDong Wang, Fengting Gou, Jingjing Wang, Yuexin Dai, Deming Zhao, Lifeng Yang

“…Irisin, an endogenous myokine, has demonstrated considerable neuroprotective potential due to its antioxidative properties. …”
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miRNA in blood-brain barrier repair: role of extracellular vesicles in stroke recovery by Vojtech Sprincl, Vojtech Sprincl, Nataliya Romanyuk

“…This review explores the potential of MSC-derived EVs in mediating neuroprotective and reparative effects on the BBB after ischemic stroke. …”
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