Bindarit attenuates neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage by regulating the CCL2/CCR2/NF-κB pathway by Yanting Yao, Qiaowei Wu, Kaikun Yuan, Pei Wu, Chao Xu, Zhiyong Ji, Weishi Xu, Hongli Yu, Anyu Xu, Yanchen Liu, Huaizhang Shi

“…In vitro, Bindarit significantly reduced neuronal inflammation. Conclusion: Endogenous CCL2 expression was upregulated in the rat SAH model. …”
Get full text

Beneficial Effects of Resveratrol-Mediated Inhibition of the mTOR Pathway in Spinal Cord Injury by Jingying Zhou, Xue Huo, Benson O. A. Botchway, Luyao Xu, Xiaofang Meng, Songou Zhang, Xuehong Liu

“…The inhibition of the mTOR pathway by resveratrol has the potential of serving as a neuronal restorative mechanism following SCI.…”
Get full text

Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cerebral Ischemia: Advances in Pharmacological Interventions by Igor Belenichev, Olena Popazova, Nina Bukhtiyarova, Victor Ryzhenko, Sergii Pavlov, Elina Suprun, Valentyn Oksenych, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi

“…Disruptions in mitochondrial function, driven by factors such as oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and altered ion balance, lead to neuronal death and contribute to cognitive impairments in several brain diseases. …”
Get full text

Advances in the Critical Care Management of Ischemic Stroke by Vineeta Singh, Nancy J. Edwards

“…In this paper, we will review the indications for specialized ICU care for an ischemic stroke patient, the treatment principles, and strategies employed by neurointensivists to minimize secondary neuronal injury, the literature in support of such strategies (and the questions to be addressed by future studies), all with the ultimate goal of increasing the likelihood of favorable neurologic outcomes in our ischemic stroke population.…”
Get full text

Multiple Approaches to Investigate the Transport and Activity-Dependent Release of BDNF and Their Application in Neurogenetic Disorders by David Hartmann, Jana Drummond, Erik Handberg, Sharday Ewell, Lucas Pozzo-Miller

“…Studies utilizing genetic and pharmacological manipulations in rodent models and neuronal cultures have revealed myriad roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). …”
Get full text

An “Engram-Centric” Approach to Transient Global Amnesia (TGA) and Other Acute-Onset Amnesias by Andrew J. Larner

“…Here, TGA, TEA, and functional amnesia are considered in light of the historical engram conception of memory, now informed by recent experimental research, as disturbances in distributed ensembles of engram neurones active during memory formation and recall. …”
Get full text

New Results on Stability of Delayed Cohen–Grossberg Neural Networks of Neutral Type by Ozlem Faydasicok

“…This research work conducts an investigation of the stability issues of neutral-type Cohen–Grossberg neural network models possessing discrete time delays in states and discrete neutral delays in time derivatives of neuron states. By setting a new generalized appropriate Lyapunov functional candidate, some novel sufficient conditions are proposed for global asymptotic stability for the considered neural networks of neutral type. …”
Get full text

Trends in Anti-Epileptic Drug Development by Lennart Gram

“…For a number of years efforts have been directed towards compounds which may augment neuronal inhibition, and these efforts have resulted in the development of several valuable drugs. …”
Get full text

Hypertension and Its Impact on Stroke Recovery: From a Vascular to a Parenchymal Overview by Benjamin Maïer, Nathalie Kubis

“…Here, we sought to review the impact of isolated hypertension or hypertension associated to stroke on brain atrophy, neuron connectivity and neurogenesis, and phenotype modification of microglia and astrocytes. …”
Get full text

Brain Plasticity and Cell Competition: Immediate Early Genes Are the Focus by Pavel P. Tregub, Yulia K. Komleva, Maria V. Kukla, Anton S. Averchuk, Anna S. Vetchinova, Natalia A. Rozanova, Sergey N. Illarioshkin, Alla B. Salmina

“…The plasticity of synaptic transmission involves the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) that regulate neuronal activity, thereby supporting learning and memory. …”
Get full text

What Is New in Glaucoma: From Treatment to Biological Perspectives by Raffaele Nuzzi, Paola Marolo, Alessia Nuzzi

“…On the other hand, the most recent approaches to treat glaucoma outcomes in its advanced stages include electrical stimulation, stem cells, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, and growth factors. Finally, neuronal plasticity-based rehabilitation methods are being studied to reeducate patients in order to stimulate their residual visual capacity. …”
Get full text

Neural Mechanisms of Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscle Pain: A Possible Role for Peripheral Glutamate Receptor Mechanisms by David K Lam, Barry J Sessle, Brian E Cairns, James W Hu

“…A peripheral mechanism involving autocrine and/or paracrine regulation of nociceptive neuronal excitability via injury or inflammation-induced release of glutamate into peripheral tissues that may contribute to the development of craniofacial pain is proposed.…”
Get full text

A Report on a Family with TMTC3-Related Syndrome and Review by Sayeeda Hana, Deepak karthik, Jingxuan Shan, Stephany El Hayek, Lotfi Chouchane, André Megarbane

“…Recessive mutations in the TMTC3 gene have been reported in thirteen patients to date exhibiting development delay, intellectual disability (ID), seizures, and muscular hypotonia, accompanied occasionally by neuronal migration defects expressed as either cobblestone lissencephaly or periventricular hypertopia. …”
Get full text

Zinc Metalloproteinases and Amyloid Beta-Peptide Metabolism: The Positive Side of Proteolysis in Alzheimer's Disease by Mallory Gough, Catherine Parr-Sturgess, Edward Parkin

“…Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by an accumulation of toxic amyloid beta- (A𝛽-)peptides in the brain causing progressive neuronal death. A𝛽-peptides are produced by aspartyl proteinase-mediated cleavage of the larger amyloid precursor protein (APP). …”
Get full text

How does the tea L-theanine buffer stress and anxiety by Liwen Wang, Margaret Brennan, Shiming Li, Hui Zhao, Klaus W. Lange, Charles Brennan

“…This review focuses on the relaxation effect of L-theanine, including animal models and the latest human trials as well as the potential molecular mechanisms regarding neuron stem cells. The biological efficacy of dietary L-theanine in the food matrix has been further discussed in this review in relation to the physiological changes in the gastrointestinal tract and bindings of L-theanine with other food components.…”
Get full text

Structural, Synaptic, and Epigenetic Dynamics of Enduring Memories by Ossama Khalaf, Johannes Gräff

“…In this review, we highlight three of the greatly addressed mechanisms that play a central role for a given memory to endure: the allocation of the memory to a given neuronal population and what brain areas are recruited for its storage; the structural changes that underlie memory persistence; and finally the epigenetic control of gene expression that might regulate and support memory perseverance. …”
Get full text

Bilateral Iris Mammillations in Amblyopic Eyes without Oculodermal Melanocytosis or Neurofibromatosis by Megumi Yamamoto, Tatsuya Mimura, Koichi Matsumoto, Shigeki Hamano, Hisataka Nanba, Shoko Ubukata, Emiko Watanabe, Atsushi Mizota

“…We report a rare case of bilateral simple iris mammillations without ocular melanosis or systemic neuronal disorders. Case Report. A healthy 10-year-old Japanese girl was found incidentally to have bilateral iris mammillations while being treated for amblyopia. …”
Get full text

Targeted drug delivery in neurodegenerative diseases: the role of nanotechnology by Rupal Dhariwal, Rupal Dhariwal, Mukul Jain, Mukul Jain, Yaser Rafiq Mir, Abhayveer Singh, Bhavik Jain, Pankaj Kumar, Mohd Tariq, Mohd Tariq, Devvret Verma, Khemraj Deshmukh, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Tabarak Malik, Tabarak Malik

“…Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive neuronal loss and cognitive impairments, pose a significant global health challenge. …”
Get full text

Central Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Genetic Complexity of a Complex Disease by Marco Marino, Valeria Moriondo, Eleonora Vighi, Elisa Pignatti, Manuela Simoni

“…The genetic mechanisms involve mutations in at least twenty-four genes regulating GnRH neuronal migration, secretion, and activity. So far, the mechanisms underlying CHH, both in prepubertal and in adulthood onset forms, remain unknown in most of the cases. …”
Get full text

Scalable network emulation on analog neuromorphic hardware by Elias Arnold, Philipp Spilger, Jan V. Straub, Eric Müller, Dominik Dold, Gabriele Meoni, Johannes Schemmel

“…This approach is well suited for deep spiking neural networks and allows for sequential model emulation on undersized neuromorphic resources if the largest recurrent subnetwork and the required neuron fan-in fit on the substrate. We demonstrate the training of two deep spiking neural network models—using the MNIST and EuroSAT datasets—that exceed the physical size constraints of a single-chip BrainScaleS-2 system. …”
Get full text