Cd99l2 regulates excitatory synapse development and restrains immediate-early gene activation by Minji Kang, Sang Ho Yoon, Minkyung Kang, Seung Pyo Park, Woo Seok Song, Jungho Kim, Seungha Lee, Da-ha Park, Jae-man Song, Beomsue Kim, Kyung Hee Park, Eun-Hye Joe, Hyun Goo Woo, Seong Hoe Park, Bong-Kiun Kaang, Dohyun Han, Yong-Seok Lee, Myoung-Hwan Kim, Young Ho Suh

“…Based on these findings, we propose that neuronal Cd99l2 functions as a synaptic cell adhesion molecule that inversely controls neuronal activation.…”
Get full text

Opposing roles of p38α-mediated phosphorylation and PRMT1-mediated arginine methylation in driving TDP-43 proteinopathy by Mari Aikio, Hana M. Odeh, Heike J. Wobst, Bo Lim Lee, Úna Chan, Jocelyn C. Mauna, Korrie L. Mack, Bradley Class, Thomas A. Ollerhead, Alice F. Ford, Edward M. Barbieri, Ryan R. Cupo, Lauren E. Drake, Joshua L. Smalley, Yuan-Ta Lin, Stephanie Lam, Reuben Thomas, Nicholas Castello, Ashmita Baral, Jenna N. Beyer, Mohd A. Najar, John Dunlop, Aaron D. Gitler, Ashkan Javaherian, Julia A. Kaye, George M. Burslem, Dean G. Brown, Christopher J. Donnelly, Steven Finkbeiner, Stephen J. Moss, Nicholas J. Brandon, James Shorter

“…Remarkably, p38α MAPK inhibition mitigates aberrant TDP-43 phenotypes in diverse ALS patient-derived motor neurons. p38α MAPK phosphorylates TDP-43 at pathological S409/S410 and S292, which reduces TDP-43 liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) but allows pathological TDP-43 aggregation. …”
Get full text

A method for siRNA-mediated knockdown of target genes in RA-induced neurogenesis using P19 cells by Hossein Khodadadi, Hiroaki Taniguchi

“…This study presents a comprehensive protocol for siRNA-mediated knockdown in the differentiation of P19 cells into neuronal-like cells. Utilizing a retinoic acid (RA)-induced neurogenesis model, P19 cells were cultured under specific conditions that facilitated the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs), which were subsequently differentiated into neuronal-like cells. …”
Get full text

Neural Functions of Matrix Metalloproteinases: Plasticity, Neurogenesis, and Disease by Hiromi Fujioka, Yusuke Dairyo, Kei-ichiro Yasunaga, Kazuo Emoto

“…To do that, the nervous system often remodels the structures of neuronal circuits. This structural plasticity of the neuronal circuits appears to be controlled not only by intrinsic factors, but also by extrinsic mechanisms including modification of the extracellular matrix. …”
Get full text

Design Optimization of Transistors Used for Neural Recording by Eric Basham, David Parent

“…Neurons cultured directly over open-gate field-effect transistors result in a hybrid device, the neuron-FET. …”
Get full text

Pathways and Patterns of Cell Loss in Verified Alzheimer’s Disease: A Factor and Cluster Analysis of Clinico-Pathological Subgroups by H. Förstl, R. Levy, A. Burns, P. Luthert, N. Cairns

“…A cluster analysis based on these neuron numbers yielded three groups of patients: Cluster A with low hippocampo-parahippocampo-parietal cell counts, Cluster B with well-preserved neuron numbers, and Cluster C with low coeruleo-frontal neuron numbers. …”
Get full text

Activity-Dependent NPAS4 Expression and the Regulation of Gene Programs Underlying Plasticity in the Central Nervous System by José Fernando Maya-Vetencourt

“…The capability of the brain to change functionally in response to sensory experience is most active during early stages of development but it decreases later in life when major alterations of neuronal network structures no longer take place in response to experience. …”
Get full text

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation training induces myonuclear accretion and hypertrophy in mice without overt signs of muscle damage and regeneration by Aurélie Fessard, Aliki Zavoriti, Natacha Boyer, Jules Guillemaud, Masoud Rahmati, Peggy Del Carmine, Christelle Gobet, Bénédicte Chazaud, Julien Gondin

Get full text

MicroRNAs in Neurotoxicity by Prameet Kaur, Arunmozhiarasi Armugam, Kandiah Jeyaseelan

“…Dysregulation of normal neuronal activities could result in accumulation of substances that are detrimental to neuronal functions and subsequently result in neurotoxicity. …”
Get full text

Neural progenitor cell-derived exosomes in ischemia/reperfusion injury in cardiomyoblasts by Oiva Arvola, Virpi Stigzelius, Minna Ampuja, Riikka Kivelä

“…In the adult human brain, vestigial neuronal progenitor stem cells contribute to neuronal repair and recovery following cerebral ischemic injury, an effect modulated by secreted exosomes. …”
Get full text

The lactate metabolism and protein lactylation in epilepsy by Xi Kuang, Shuang Chen, Qingmei Ye

“…Lactoyl groups, derived mainly from the glycolytic product lactate, have been linked to protein lactylation in brain tissue, which has been shown to correlate with increased neuronal excitability. Ischemic stroke may promote neuronal glycolysis, leading to lactate accumulation in brain tissue. …”
Get full text

Local changes in potassium ions regulate input integration in active dendrites. by Malthe S Nordentoft, Naoya Takahashi, Mathias S Heltberg, Mogens H Jensen, Rune N Rasmussen, Athanasia Papoutsi

“…During neuronal activity, the extracellular concentration of potassium ions ([K+]o) increases substantially above resting levels, yet it remains unclear what role these [K+]o changes play in the dendritic integration of synaptic inputs. …”
Get full text

Microglia depletion reduces neurodegeneration and remodels extracellular matrix in a mouse Parkinson’s disease model triggered by α-synuclein overexpression by Zhen Zhang, Kun Niu, Taoying Huang, Jiali Guo, Gongbikai Xarbat, Xiaoli Gong, Yunke Gao, Feiyang Liu, Shan Cheng, Wenting Su, Fei Yang, Zhaoyuan Liu, Florent Ginhoux, Ting Zhang

“…In this study, we induced progressive dopaminergic neuron loss in mice via rAAV-hSYN injection to cause the neuronal expression of α-synuclein, which produced neuroinflammation and behavioral alterations. …”
Get full text

Social Experience-Dependent Myelination: An Implication for Psychiatric Disorders by Michihiro Toritsuka, Manabu Makinodan, Toshifumi Kishimoto

“…It has been shown that myelin formation depends on genetic programing and experience, including multiple factors, intracellular and extracellular molecules, and neuronal activities. Recently, accumulating studies have shown that myelination in the central nervous system changes more dynamically in response to neuronal activities and experience than expected. …”
Get full text

Tau mediates the reshaping of the transcriptional landscape toward intermediate Alzheimer’s disease stages by Giacomo Siano, Giacomo Siano, Martina Varisco, Marco Terrigno, Congwei Wang, Arianna Scarlatti, Vincenzo Iannone, Marco Groth, Marie-Christine Galas, Jeroen J. M. Hoozemans, Alessandro Cellerino, Alessandro Cellerino, Antonino Cattaneo, Cristina Di Primio

“…IntroductionRecent research revealed that Tau plays critical roles in various neuronal functions. We previously demonstrated that destabilization and nuclear delocalization of Tau alter the expression of glutamatergic genes, mediating early neuronal damage.MethodsIn this study, we discovered that changes in Tau availability are linked to global alterations in gene expression that affect multiple neuronal pathways. …”
Get full text

Pathological Plasticity in Fragile X Syndrome by Brandon S. Martin, Molly M. Huntsman

“…Deficits in neuronal plasticity are common hallmarks of many neurodevelopmental disorders. …”
Get full text

MicroRNAs in Vertebrate Synapse Development by Roberto Fiore, Gerhard Schratt

“…MicroRNAs are abundant in the vertebrate nervous system where they appear to function during neuronal fate determination and early differentiation. …”
Get full text

Inhibition of the Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Pathway Confers Neuroprotective Effects on Beta-Amyloid-Induced Direct Neurotoxicity and Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammati... by Shao Qin Tiong, Raxshanaa N. Mohgan, Jia Yee Quek, Jennifer Yue Suan Liew, Grace Yee Seen Wong, Zi Qing Thang, Zhi Ling Chan, Sook Yee Gan, Elaine Wan Ling Chan

“…Hence, targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway in both neuronal and microglia cells could provide a promising therapeutic strategy in AD.…”
Get full text

Untethering the Nuclear Envelope and Cytoskeleton: Biologically Distinct Dystonias Arising from a Common Cellular Dysfunction by Nadia A. Atai, Scott D. Ryan, Rashmi Kothary, Xandra O. Breakefield, Flávia C. Nery

“…While torsinA and dystonin proteins do not share modular domain architecture, they participate in a similar function by modulating a structural link between the nuclear envelope and the cytoskeleton in neuronal cells. We suggest that through a shared interaction with the nuclear envelope protein nesprin-3α, torsinA and the neuronal dystonin-a2 isoform comprise a bridge complex between the outer nuclear membrane and the cytoskeleton, which is critical for some aspects of neuronal development and function. …”
Get full text

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Exert a Neuroprotective Effect by Regulating Microglial M1/M2 Polarisation in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury by Wen-zhao Liu, Zhan-jun Ma, Ji-he Kang, Ai-xin Lin, Zhao-heng Wang, Hai-wei Chen, Xu-dong Guo, Xue-gang He, Xue-wen Kang

“…We found that GSP promoted locomotor recovery, reduced neuronal apoptosis, increased neuronal preservation, and regulated microglial polarisation in vivo. …”
Get full text