Brain-Specific Increase in Leukotriene Signaling Accompanies Chronic Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in a Model of Gulf War Illness by Sahithi Attaluri, Raghavendra Upadhya, Maheedhar Kodali, Leelavathi N. Madhu, Dinesh Upadhya, Bing Shuai, Ashok K. Shetty

“…CysLT and LTB4 concentrations were elevated in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex, along with enhanced 5-LOX expression in neurons and microglia. Such changes were also associated with increased proinflammatory cytokine levels in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. …”
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Ventral hippocampus to nucleus accumbens shell circuit regulates approach decisions during motivational conflict. by Dylan Patterson, Nisma Khan, Emily A Collins, Norman R Stewart, Kian Sassaninejad, Dylan Yeates, Andy C H Lee, Rutsuko Ito

“…To this end, we used pathway-specific chemogenetics in male and female Long Evans rats to inhibit the NAc shell projecting vHPC CA1 neurons while rats underwent a test in which cues of positive and negative valence were presented concurrently to elicit AAC. …”
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Neuroprotective Transcription Factors in Animal Models of Parkinson Disease by François-Xavier Blaudin de Thé, Hocine Rekaik, Alain Prochiantz, Julia Fuchs, Rajiv L. Joshi

“…A number of transcription factors, including En1/2, Foxa1/2, Lmx1a/b, Nurr1, Otx2, and Pitx3, with key roles in midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuron development, also regulate adult mDA neuron survival and physiology. …”
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EEG as a neural measure of hypoxia-related impairment by Stephanie R. Otto, Stephanie R. Otto, Cammi K. Borden, Cammi K. Borden, Daniel G. McHail, Kara J. Blacker

“…Electroencephalography (EEG) in particular has been used to explore how electrical activity produced by networks of cortical neurons changes under hypoxia. Here we review studies that have explored how hypoxia affects prominent EEG brain rhythms as well as responses to specific events or stimuli in the time and frequency domains. …”
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Virally-initiated pain states: phenotypes, mechanisms, and future directions by Sara A. Dochnal, Steven P. Cohen, Mark R. Hutchinson, Mark R. Hutchinson, Mark R. Hutchinson, Yury I. Miller, Tony L. Yaksh

“…These virally induced pain states can arise through direct viral replication within neurons, or indirectly, via immune responses to infection in both the contexts of afferent signaling in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) or subsequent higher order integration in intracranial systems. …”
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Follow-Up and Risk Assessment in Patients with Myocardial Infarction Using Artificial Neural Networks by Tatjana Gligorijević, Zoran Ševarac, Branislav Milovanović, Vlado Đajić, Marija Zdravković, Saša Hinić, Marina Arsić, Milica Aleksić

“…Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are machine learning technique, inspired by the principles found in biological neurons. This technique has been used for prediction and classification problems in many areas of medical signal processing. …”
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Dehydration-Induced Anorexia Reduces Astrocyte Density in the Rat Corpus Callosum by Daniel Reyes-Haro, Francisco Emmanuel Labrada-Moncada, Ricardo Miledi, Ataúlfo Martínez-Torres

“…Glial cells, the major population of nerve cells in the central nervous system, play a crucial role in supplying energy to the neurons. The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest white matter tract in mammals, and more than 99% of the cell somata correspond to glial cells in rodents. …”
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Apply a deep learning hybrid model optimized by an Improved Chimp Optimization Algorithm in PM2.5 prediction by Ming Wei, Xiaopeng Du

“…Additionally, the Improved Chimp Optimization Algorithm (IChOA) is employed to optimize the number of neurons in the two hidden layers of LSTM, the learning rate, and the number of training epochs. …”
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Comparative Analyses of Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network on Medium Optimization for Tetraselmis sp. FTC209 Grown under Mixotrophic Condition by Mohd Shamzi Mohamed, Joo Shun Tan, Rosfarizan Mohamad, Mohd Noriznan Mokhtar, Arbakariya B. Ariff

“…A quadratic regression from RSM and a Levenberg-Marquardt trained ANN network composed of 10 hidden neurons eventually produced comparable results, albeit ANN formulation was observed to yield higher values of response outputs. …”
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Current Advances in Pharmacotherapy and Technology for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review by Lei Lu, Ying Jiang, Ravindran Jaganathan, Yanli Hao

“…Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is classically defined by its vascular lesions and damage in the neurons of the retina. The cellular and clinical elements of DR have many features of chronic inflammation. …”
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Amylin: Localization, Effects on Cerebral Arteries and on Local Cerebral Blood Flow in the Cat by Lars Edvinsson, Peter J. Goadsby, Rolf Uddman

“…The studies suggest that there is a functional sub-set of amylin-containing trigeminal neurons which probably act via CGRP receptors.…”
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A daily rhythm of cell proliferation in a songbird brain by Vladimira Hodova, Valentina Maresova, Rebecca Radic, Lubica Kubikova

“…Abstract Neurogenesis is an active process of creating new neurons in the neurogenic zone. It is influenced by many factors, including the circadian system, which is synchronized by light. …”
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SNP Analysis of the SOD1 gene involved in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) by Hetal Patel, Anandita Banerjee, Pritha Saha, Subramaniyan Divya, Palaniyandi Ravanan, Priti Talwar

“…ALS is a rare neurodegenerative disease causing the loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Mutations in over forty genes, particularly the Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, are linked to ALS. …”
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Emergent Self‐Adaptation in an Integrated Photonic Neural Network for Backpropagation‐Free Learning by Alessio Lugnan, Samarth Aggarwal, Frank Brückerhoff‐Plückelmann, C. David Wright, Wolfram H. P. Pernice, Harish Bhaskaran, Peter Bienstman

“…In this work, these properties occurring in arrays of photonic neurons are experimentally demonstrated. Importantly, this is realized autonomously in an emergent fashion, without the need for an external controller setting weights and without explicit feedback of a global reward signal. …”
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Long-term consequences of adolescent exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid AB-FUBINACA in male and female mice by Cristina Izquierdo-Luengo, María Ponce-Renilla, Marc Ten-Blanco, María Andrea Arnanz, Rosa María Tolón, Inmaculada Pereda-Pérez, Fernando Berrendero

“…In this sense, the administration of this synthetic cannabinoid in female, but not male, mice induced psychotic-like symptoms which were associated with changes in dendritic arborization and density of mature dendritic spines in pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex, as well as with an up-regulation of differentially expressed genes in this brain area. …”
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Involvement of Thalamus in Initiation of Epileptic Seizures Induced by Pilocarpine in Mice by Yong-Hua Li, Jia-Jia Li, Qin-Chi Lu, Hai-Qing Gong, Pei-Ji Liang, Pu-Ming Zhang

“…The variation tendency of the peak values of cross-correlation function between neurons matched the variation tendency of the redundancy of LFPs. …”
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Role of insulin-like growth factor-2 in Alzheimer’s disease induced memory impairment and underlying mechanisms by Ruiqi Chen, Xing Lu, Anqi Xiao, Junpeng Ma, Junpeng Ma

“…These effects are primarily caused by the IGF2 receptor, which is widely expressed in neurons and controls protein trafficking, synthesis, and degradation. …”
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Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Approaches to Restore Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Mammals by Muhammad Waqas, Iram Us-Salam, Zainab Bibi, Yunfeng Wang, He Li, Zhongshou Zhu, Shuangba He

“…The stem cell therapy is a promising approach to develop the functional hair cells and neuronal cells from endogenous and exogenous stem cell pool to recover hearing loss. …”
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Supplementation with Branched-Chain Amino Acids Induces Unexpected Deleterious Effects on Astrocyte Survival and Intracellular Metabolism with or without Hyperammonemia: A Prelimin... by Ting Wang, Kazuyuki Suzuki, Toshimi Chiba, Keisuke Kakisaka, Yasuhiro Takikawa

“…We performed cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests on astrocytes following BCAA treatment with and without ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and then compared the results with the effects of BCAA on hepatocytes and neurons. Subsequently, we used metabolomic analysis to investigate intracellular metabolite levels in astrocytes with and without BCAA treatment. …”
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Nonlinear time series prediction algorithm based on AD-SSNET for artificial intelligence–powered Internet of Things by Banteng Liu, Wei Chen, Meng Han, Zhangquan Wang, Ping Sun, Xiaowen Lv, Jiaming Xu, Zegao Yin

“…First, the optimal clustering scheme of randomly distributed neurons in the network is adaptively obtained by the AIC-DSCA, then the AD-SSNET is constructed according to the intra-cluster priority connection algorithm. …”
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