Cycloastragenol promotes dorsal column axon regeneration in mice by Tao Zihan, Tao Zihan, Teng Wenwen, Teng Wenwen, Ma Yanxia, Saijilafu

“…In addition, our previous study showed that CAG administration can promote axonal regeneration in peripheral neurons. However, whether CAG can activate axon regeneration central nervous system (CNS) remains unknown.MethodsHere, we established a novel mouse model for visualizing spinal cord dorsal column axon regeneration involving the injection of AAV2/9-Cre into the lumbar 4/5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of Rosa-tdTomato reporter mice. …”
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Developing a brain inspired multilobar neural networks architecture for rapidly and accurately estimating concrete compressive strength by Bashar Alibrahim, Ahed Habib, Maan Habib

“…The MLANN framework employs various architectures of hidden layers, referred to as “lobes,” each with a unique arrangement of neurons to optimize data processing, reduce training noise, and expedite training time. …”
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Neuroprotective potential of isofraxidin: Alleviating parkinsonian symptoms, inflammation and microglial activation by Tin-An Wang, Shiao-Yun Li, Li-Yun Fann, I-Hsun Li, Tsung-Ta Liu, Hao-Yuan Hung, Chieh-Wen Chang, Chih-Chien Cheng, Ying-Che Huang, Pei-Yeh Yu, Jui-Hu Shih

“…Additionally, TH staining supported the neuroprotective role of isofraxidin on dopaminergic neurons. Conclusions Isofraxidin exhibits notable neuroprotective properties by mitigating LPS-induced parkinsonian behaviors, microglial activation, inflammation, and dopaminergic neuron damage. …”
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Stable coding of aversive associations in medial prefrontal populations by Herry, Cyril, Jercog, Daniel

“…What mPFC neuronal populations represent when we face threats? …”
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Application of deep learning for technological parameter optimization of laser shock peening of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by Mikhail Verezhak, Aleksei Vshivkov, Elena Gachegova, Maria Bartolomei, Alexander Mayer, Sathya Swaroop

“…The results of research on determination of the optimal configuration of the deep learning model showed that when using sinusoidal activation function of the neural network with 4 hidden layers and the number of neurons 10, the best level of accuracy in solving the problem is achieved. …”
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Action inflexibility and compulsive-like behavior accompany neurobiological alterations in the anterior orbitofrontal cortex and associated striatal nuclei by Laura M. Butkovich, Sophie T. Yount, Aylet T. Allen, Esther H. Seo, Andrew M. Swanson, Shannon L. Gourley

“…We found that these mice also demonstrate insensitivity to Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer, as well as compulsive-like grooming behavior that is ameliorated by fluoxetine and inhibitory, but not excitatory, chemogenetic modulation of excitatory OFC neurons. Thus, these mice offer the opportunity to identify neurobiological factors associated with inflexible and compulsive-like behavior. …”
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Characterization of Neurogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Cultured in Xeno/Serum-Free Condition: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment by Jieun Jung, Jong-Wan Kim, Ho-Jin Moon, Jin Young Hong, Jung Keun Hyun

“…Neural stem cells (NSCs) have a high potency for differentiation to neurons and glial cells for replacement of damaged cells and paracrine effects for the regeneration and remyelination of host axons. …”
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Timing of Wnt Inhibition Modulates Directed Differentiation of Medial Ganglionic Eminence Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by Ivanna Ihnatovych, Alexandra Lew, Evelyn Lazar, Anna Sheng, Timot Kellermayer, Kinga Szigeti

“…GABA interneurons and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, derivates of the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), are implicated in diverse neuropsychiatric diseases. …”
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Pharmacodynamics of TRPV1 Agonists in a Bioassay Using Human PC-3 Cells by Daniel Alvarez-Berdugo, Marcel Jiménez, Pere Clavé, Laia Rofes

“…TRPV1 is a multimodal channel mainly expressed in sensory neurons. We aimed to explore the pharmacodynamics of the TRPV1 agonists, capsaicin, natural capsaicinoids, and piperine in an in vitro bioassay using human PC-3 cells and to examine desensitization and the effect of the specific antagonist SB366791. …”
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Brain network and energy imbalance in Parkinson’s disease: linking ATP reduction and α-synuclein pathology by Hirohisa Watanabe, Sayuri Shima, Kazuya Kawabata, Yasuaki Mizutani, Akihiro Ueda, Akihiro Ueda, Mizuki Ito, Mizuki Ito

“…The energy imbalance also affects subcortical regions, including the massive axonal arbors in the striatum of substantia nigra pars compacta neurons, due to their high metabolic demand. This ATP decline may result in α-synuclein accumulation, autophagy-lysosomal system impairment, neuronal network breakdown and accelerated neurodegeneration. …”
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Unravelling a mechanistic link between mitophagy defect, mitochondrial malfunction, and apoptotic neurodegeneration in Mucopolysaccharidosis VII by Nishan Mandal, Apurba Das, Rupak Datta

“…Energy depletion triggered apoptosis in neuronal as well as non-neuronal cells of the CG2135−/− fly brain, where apoptotic dopaminergic neurons were also detected. …”
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Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Neuroinflammation in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease by Sandeep Vasant More, Hemant Kumar, In Su Kim, Soo-Yeol Song, Dong-Kug Choi

“…Here, we discuss mediators of neuroinflammation, which are known activators released from damaged parenchyma of the brain and result in neuronal degeneration in patients with PD.…”
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Maternal obesity increases hypothalamic miR-505-5p expression in mouse offspring leading to altered fatty acid sensing and increased intake of high-fat food. by Laura Dearden, Isadora C Furigo, Lucas C Pantaleão, L W P Wong, Denise S Fernandez-Twinn, Juliana de Almeida-Faria, Katherine A Kentistou, Maria V Carreira, Guillaume Bidault, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Ken K Ong, John R B Perry, Jose Donato, Susan E Ozanne

“…Metabolic hormones and long-chain fatty acids associated with obesity increase miR-505-5p expression in hypothalamic neurons in vitro. We demonstrate that targets of miR-505-5p are enriched in fatty acid metabolism pathways and overexpression of miR-505-5p decreased neuronal fatty acid metabolism in vitro. miR-505-5p targets are associated with increased BMI in human genetic studies. …”
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Role of PPARs in Progression of Anxiety: Literature Analysis and Signaling Pathways Reconstruction by Olga I. Rudko, Artemii V. Tretiakov, Elena A. Naumova, Eugene A. Klimov

“…Among three PPAR isoforms, PPARG demonstrates the highest expression in CNS, where it can be found in neurons, astrocytes, and glial cells. Herein, the highest PPARG expression occurs in amygdala. …”
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A peripheral subepithelial network for chemotactile processing in the predatory sea slug Pleurobranchaea californica. by Tigran Norekian, Yichen Liu, Ekaterina D Gribkova, Jilai Cui, Rhanor Gillette

“…Sensory nerve spikes and cilia cluster spikes were not identifiable as generated by the same neurons. Ciliary clusters likely drive the sensory nerve spikes via SeN, mediating appetitive and stimulus place codes to CNS. …”
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RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF TURKEYS WITH A/DUCK/ALTAI/469/14 H5N1 STRAIN OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS by V. Yu. Sosipatorova, D. A. Altunin, I. A. Chvala, N. S. Mudrak, D. B. Andreychuk

“…Immunohistochemical analysis showed the greatest distribution of the influenza virus antigen in the cerebral endothelium, cerebellar Purkinje neurons, acinar cells of the pancreas and in myocardiocytes of the heart. …”
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Droplet-based high-throughput 3D genome structure mapping of single cells with simultaneous transcriptomics by Honggui Wu, Maoxu Wang, Yinghui Zheng, X. Sunney Xie

“…Our results show that genes with significant structural changes are enriched in pathways related to metabolic process and morphology change in neurons, and innate immune response in glial cells, highlighting the role of 3D genome organization in physiological brain aging. …”
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Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Neuropathy: Futuristic Strategies Based on These Targets by Reddemma Sandireddy, Veera Ganesh Yerra, Aparna Areti, Prashanth Komirishetty, Ashutosh Kumar

“…Several theories of etiologies surfaced down the lane, amongst which the oxidative stress mediated damage in neurons and surrounding glial cell has gained attention as one of the vital mechanisms in the pathogenesis of neuropathy. …”
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Functional Role of SIL1 in Neurodevelopment and Learning by Shilian Xu, Jia Zhu, Kai Mi, Yan Shen, Xiaomin Zhang

“…The basic expression pattern of SIL1 in tissues and cultured cortical neurons is measured by immunostaining and Western blot. …”
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Prior Exposure to Immunosuppressors Sensitizes Retinal Microglia and Accelerates Optic Nerve Regeneration in Zebrafish by Ilse Bollaerts, Jessie Van houcke, An Beckers, Kim Lemmens, Sophie Vanhunsel, Lies De Groef, Lieve Moons

“…As adult mammals lack the capacity to replace or repair damaged neurons, degeneration and trauma (and subsequent dysfunction) of the central nervous system (CNS) seriously constrains the patient’s life quality. …”
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