Intracellular Ca2+ Stores and Ca2+ Influx Are Both Required for BDNF to Rapidly Increase Quantal Vesicular Transmitter Release by Michelle D. Amaral, Lucas Pozzo-Miller

“…In response to local BDNF application to CA1 pyramidal neurons, the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC) increased significantly within 30 seconds; mEPSC amplitude and kinetics were unchanged. …”
Get full text

Expression profile of cannabinoid receptor 2 in ovine ileum during prenatal development by Mehmet Özbek, Hidayet Tutun, Emel Ergün, Feyzullah Beyaz, Levent Ergün

“…CB2 expression was determined in epithelial cells, smooth muscles, enteric neurons and Peyers patches in ileum fetal sheep under physiological conditions. …”
Get full text

The link between spreading depolarization and innate immunity in the central nervous system by Kadir Oguzhan Soylu, Muge Yemisci, Hulya Karatas

“…Furthermore, the interplay between neurons and glial cells, particularly astrocytes and microglia, underscores the intricate nature of neuroinflammation triggered by SD. …”
Get full text

Oxytocin attenuates demand for cocaine in female rats by Amy S. Kohtz, Hannah Davies, Belle Lin, Gary Aston-Jones

“…Fos reactivity in OXT+ neurons was greater when rats were in proestrus compared to diestrus and significantly correlated to motivation and circulating levels of P4. …”
Get full text

Pediatric Sleep Quality and Parental Stress in Neuromuscular Disorders: Descriptive Analytical Study by Sajjad Khaksar, Mehdi Jafari-Oori, Forogh Sarhangi, Malihe Sadat Moayed

“… Abstract BackgroundNeuromuscular disorders (NMDs) constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders that affect motor neurons, neuromuscular junctions, and muscle fibers, resulting in symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, and reduced mobility. …”
Get full text

Health Benefits of Endurance Training: Implications of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor—A Systematic Review by Włodzimierz Mrówczyński

“…This review suggests that the increase of posttraining levels of BDNF and its TrkB receptors causes simultaneous changes in the activity of the spinal cord, the substantia nigra, and the hypothalamic nuclei neurons, which are responsible for the alteration of the functional properties of motoneurons innervating the skeletal muscles, for the enhancement of dopamine release in the brain, and for the modulation of hormone levels involved in regulating the metabolic processes, responsively. …”
Get full text

Marked point process variational autoencoder with applications to unsorted spiking activities. by Ryohei Shibue, Tomoharu Iwata

“…Spike train modeling across large neural populations is a powerful tool for understanding how neurons code information in a coordinated manner. …”
Get full text

Opposite roles of serotonin and neuropeptide FMRFamide in the regulation of epigenetic processes involved in the longterm memory formation by L. N. Grinkevich, O. V. Vorobiova

“…Serotonin strengthens synaptic connections between neurons of the network, and FMRFamid is an inhibitory transmitter leading to long-term depression. …”
Get full text

Multi-modal investigation reveals pathogenic features of diverse DDX3X missense mutations. by Federica Mosti, Mariah L Hoye, Carla F Escobar-Tomlienovich, Debra L Silver

“…Notably, clinically severe mutations exhibit excessive DNA damage in neurons, associated with increased cytoplasmic DNA:RNA hybrids and formation of stress granules. …”
Get full text

Children Tracking System Based on ZigBee Wireless Network and Neural Network by Nadia Ahmed, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, Ammar Hussein Mutlag, M. G. M. Abdolrasol

“…Different topologies of ANN have been examined for training, testing, and validation which are 5-5, 10-10, 15-15, and 20-20 neurons in the hidden layer. The findings indicate that the 20-20 ANN topology can achieve higher accuracy than other topologies. …”
Get full text

Transparent vertical nanotube electrode arrays on graphene for cellular recording and optical imaging by Jamin Lee, Keundong Lee, Kyumeen Kang, Asad Ali, Dong Wook Kim, Hyerim Ahn, Gwanho Ko, Myunghwan Choi, Youngbin Tchoe, Hye Yoon Park, Gyu-Chul Yi

“…Moreover, the transparent electrode array enabled fluorescence imaging of neuron cell bodies and neurite connections. This transparent graphene- and nanotube-based recording device is proposed to greatly increase the versatility of capabilities for investigating neuronal activity through simultaneous recording and imaging of neuron cultures.…”
Get full text

The Regenerative Potential of Facial Nerve Motoneurons following Chronic Axotomy in Rats by Yusu Ni, Diyan Chen, Yi Jiang, Danhong Qiu, Wen Li, Huawei Li

“…Expression of Shh (sonic hedgehog) and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43, a neuronal marker) was detected in bilateral facial nuclei using reverse transcriptase PCR, western blotting analysis, and immunohistochemistry. …”
Get full text

Expanded taxonomies of human memory by Jason R. Finley

“…All of the above take place in the human brain, driven by neurons and the processes of long-term potentiation and depression. …”
Get full text

PD_EBM: An Integrated Boosting Approach Based on Selective Features for Unveiling Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis With Global and Local Explanations by Fahmida Khanom, Mohammad Shorif Uddin, Rafid Mostafiz

“…The increasing prevalence of PD and its significant impact on the motor neurons of the brain impose a substantial burden on the healthcare system. …”
Get full text

Operant Discriminative Learning and Evidence of Subtelencephalic Plastic Changes After Long-Term Detelencephalation in Pigeons by S. M. Cerutti, S. Diaz-Cintra, L. Cintra, E. A. M. Ferrari

“…Morphometric analysis revealed a decreased number of neurons and increased vascularity, associated with increases in the perimeter (p<0.001) in the nucleus rotundus. …”
Get full text

The Effect of Different Doses of Botulinum Toxin on Masseter Muscle in Patients with Bruxism. by Kawa F. Dizaye, Sarezh Jamal Jalal

“…It acts by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine from cholinergic neurons. Botulinum toxin has been used for management of bruxism, which is a parafunctional disorder and characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth or both. …”
Get full text

Mechanism of Nerve Regeneration after Ischemic Stroke Induced by Exercise Intervention by TENG Lili, ZHANG Mei, SONG Wenjing, ZHU Luwen

“…Following the IS, in order to cope with the loss of input from neurons in the infarction area induced by ischemia and hypoxia stimulation, the body will spontaneously start the self-repair mechanism and reorganize the neuronal functional connections and neural pathways in the brain. …”
Get full text

Nitric Oxide - Its Importance in Swallowing, Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy by ABR Thomson

“…Peripherally administered NOS inhibitor can access structures within the blood-brain barrier to affect neuronal activity and physiological function. The central pattern generated for swallowing and esophageal peristalsis is suggested to be a serial network of linked neurons within the nucleus of the solitary tract and neighbouring reticular formation, and there is likely one subnetwork for the oropharyngeal phase and the other for the esophageal phase of swallowing. …”
Get full text

The effect of space flight on genes expression in brain by A. S. Tsybko, T. V. Ilchibaeva, N. K. Popova

“…Also, the system of neuronal apoptosis is activated under the influence of microgravity as evidenced by changes in the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-XL in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. …”
Get full text

Narcolepsy treatment: from exorcism and bloodletting to modern therapy with histamine receptor inverse agonists by E. Sakalauskaitė-Juodeikienė, R. Masaitienė

“…It was not until the late 20th century, when narcolepsy was perceived as a central hypersomnia due to partial or complete loss of hypocretin-secreting neurons in the hypothalamus, that effective symptomatic treatment emerged. …”
Get full text