The Use of Antisense-Mediated Inhibition to Delineate The Role of Inflammatory Agents in The Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury by Damien D. Pearse, Francisco C. Pereira, Katina Chatzipanteli, Francisco W. Dalton Dietrich, Mary Bartlett Bunge

“…During this period, glia and immune cells respond to chemical cues associated with the debris of lysed neurons, disrupted axons, and a broken blood-brain-barrier by releasing a battery of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and, interleukin-β (IL-1β) as well as reactive oxygen species such as nitric oxide (NO-)[2]. …”
Get full text

Targeted Regulation Of Cgrp Gene Expression by A. F. Russo, P. L. Durham

“…We have investigated the mechanisms controlling CGRP expression in the trigeminal ganglia neurons, which provide virtually all of the CGRP innervation to the cerebral vasculature. …”
Get full text

Behavioral Tagging: A Translation of the Synaptic Tagging and Capture Hypothesis by Diego Moncada, Fabricio Ballarini, Haydée Viola

“…Similar molecular machinery is activated in neurons following an electrical stimulus that induces synaptic changes and after learning sessions that trigger memory formation. …”
Get full text

A Possible Novel Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism for the Pharmacological Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate: Implications for Use as a Therapeutic for Parkinson’s Disea... by Shankar J. Chinta, Subramanian Rajagopalan, Abirami Ganesan, Julie K. Andersen

“…Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized in part by the preferential loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Although the precise etiology of PD is unknown, accumulating evidence suggests that PD involves microglial activation that exerts neurotoxic effects through production of proinflammatory cytokines and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress. …”
Get full text

Overexpression of SFPQ Improves Cognition and Memory in AD Mice by Jinshan Tie, Hongxiang Wu, Wei Liu, Yuying Li, Lu Li, Suju Zhao, Zhijiao Yuan, Khan Mahmood, Shaochun Chen, Huidong Wu

“…Splicing factor proline and glutamine rich (SFPQ) is known to play a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases, including antioxidant-related functions and regulating gene expression within brain neurons. However, the specific role of SFPQ in AD pathology is not well understood. …”
Get full text

Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus Is Associated with Changes in the Actin-Modulating Protein Synaptopodin and Alterations in Long-Term Potentiation in the Mouse Hippocampus by Maximilian Lenz, Marina Ben Shimon, Thomas Deller, Andreas Vlachos, Nicola Maggio

“…Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder which can severely affect neuronal function. Some patients may experience status epilepticus, a life-threatening state of ongoing seizure activity associated with postictal cognitive dysfunction. …”
Get full text

Cerebral organoids: a promising model in cellular technologies by T. A. Shnaider

“…Generation of hybrid three-dimensional cerebral organoids with different brain region identity allows remodeling some of them, including long-distance neuronal migration or formation of major axonal tracts. …”
Get full text

Aerobic Exercise Regulates Apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway to Improve Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice by Yan Peng, Rui Chi, Gang Liu, Weijie Tian, Jun Zhang, Rihui Zhang

“…Neuronal apoptosis is an important factor in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). …”
Get full text

A hypothesis about interrelations of epigenetic factors and transposable elements in memory formation by R. N. Mustafin

“…The hypothesis is confirmed by research into transposon activation in neuronal stem cells during neuronal differentiation. …”
Get full text

EFFECT OF Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC EXTRACT ON THE INCREASE OF BRAIN CELLS IN THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA OF WISTAR RATS THAT ARE ROTENONE-INDUCED by Shalli hafizha, Binarwan Halim, Linda Chiuman

“… Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder due to the decline of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, with motor and non-motor symptoms. …”
Get full text

A systematic review of progenitor survival and maturation in Parkinsonian models by Giulia Comini, Eilís Dowd

“…The ultimate clinical success of stem cell–derived brain repair will depend on both the safety and efficacy of the approach and the latter is dependent on the ability of the transplanted cells to survive and differentiate into functional dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinsonian brain. Because the pre-clinical literature suggests that there is considerable variability in survival and differentiation between studies, the aim of this systematic review was to assess these parameters in human stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor transplant studies in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. …”
Get full text

Transcription Factor Lbx1 Expression in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Phenotypes by Stefanie Schmitteckert, Cornelia Ziegler, Liane Kartes, Alexandra Rolletschek

“…Transcription factor Lbx1 is known to play a role in the migration of muscle progenitor cells in limb buds and also in neuronal determination processes. In addition, involvement of Lbx1 in cardiac neural crest-related cardiogenesis was postulated. …”
Get full text

MRI-guided focused ultrasound for treating Parkinson’s disease with human mesenchymal stem cells by Sheng-Kai Wu, Chia-Lin Tsai, Aisha Mir, Kullervo Hynynen

“…In the quantification analysis of the TH stain, a significant reservation of dopamine neurons was seen in the MSCs + FUS group as compared with the MSCs group (ST: p = 0.03; SN: p = 0.0005). …”
Get full text

The E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH1 mediates downregulation of plasma membrane GABAB receptors under ischemic conditions by inhibiting fast receptor recycling by Musadiq A. Bhat, Mohammad Hleihil, Irene Mondéjar, Thomas Grampp, Dietmar Benke

“…Abstract GABAB receptors mediate prolonged inhibition in the brain and are important for keeping neuronal excitation and inhibition in a healthy balance. …”
Get full text

The Cul3 ubiquitin ligase engages Insomniac as an adaptor to impact sleep and synaptic homeostasis. by Qiuling Li, Kayla Y Lim, Raad Altawell, Faith Verderose, Xiling Li, Wanying Dong, Joshua Martinez, Dion Dickman, Nicholas Stavropoulos

“…Inc levels are negatively regulated by Cul3 in neurons, consistent with Inc degradation by autocatalytic ubiquitination, a hallmark of Cullin adaptors. …”
Get full text

Opicapone, a Novel Catechol-O-methyl Transferase Inhibitor, for Treatment of Parkinson's Disease "Off" Episodes by Amnon A. Berger, Ariel Winnick, Jonathan Izygon, Binil M. Jacob, Jessica S. Kaye, Rachel J. Kaye, Elisa E. Neuchat, Adam M. Kaye, Edward S. Alpaugh, Elyse M. Cornett, Andrew H. Han, Alan D. Kaye

“…The traditional pathogenesis theory of PD involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Classically, treatment is pursued with an assortment of medications that are directed at overcoming this deficiency with levodopa being central to most treatment plans. …”
Get full text

Functional Role of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis as a Therapeutic Strategy for Mental Disorders by Heechul Jun, Syed Mohammed Qasim Hussaini, Michael J. Rigby, Mi-Hyeon Jang

“…Adult neurogenesis, the process of generating new neurons from neural stem cells, plays significant roles in synaptic plasticity, memory, and mood regulation. …”
Get full text

Effect of Phenylephrine on the Accommodative System by José J. Esteve-Taboada, Antonio J. Del Águila-Carrasco, Paula Bernal-Molina, Teresa Ferrer-Blasco, Norberto López-Gil, Robert Montés-Micó

“…Accommodation is controlled by the action of the ciliary muscle and mediated primarily by parasympathetic input through postganglionic fibers that originate from neurons in the ciliary and pterygopalatine ganglia. …”
Get full text

From air to mind: unraveling the impact of indoor pollutants on psychiatric disorders by German Torres, Ryia T. Subbaiah, Riya A. Sood, Joerg R. Leheste

“…A better understanding of how indoor airborne pollutants affect brain neurons to augment clinical symptoms associated with psychiatric disorders will undoubtedly be useful in the subsequent treatment of patients with major depressive and/or bipolar disorders. …”
Get full text

Comparison of 3 T and 1.5 T MRI in the evaluation of epilepsy by D. Runkauskaitė, T. Liakina, R. Mameniškienė

“…Epilepsy is the fourth most common neurological disorder characterized by a long-term tendency to generate epileptic seizures due to excessive or synchronous activity in the neurons in brains. Most patients achieve adequate seizure control by taking antiepileptic drugs and have a good medication effect, however 20–30% of patients continue suffering from recurrent epileptic seizures. …”
Get full text