Adaptation optimizes sensory encoding for future stimuli. by Jiang Mao, Constantin A Rothkopf, Alan A Stocker

“…Sensory neurons continually adapt their response characteristics according to recent stimulus history. …”
Get full text

Mouse-derived Synaptosomes Trypsin Cleavage Assay to Characterize Synaptic Protein Sub-localization by Jasmeet Shergill, Domenico Azarnia Tehran

“…Neurons communicate through neurotransmission at highly specialized junctions called synapses. …”
Get full text

Valence and salience encoding in the central amygdala by Mi-Seon Kong, Ethan Ancell, Daniela M Witten, Larry S Zweifel

“…Here, we used single cell calcium imaging in mice during appetitive and aversive conditioning and found that majority of CeA neurons (~65%) encode the valence of the unconditioned stimulus (US) with a smaller subset of cells (~15%) encoding the salience of the US. …”
Get full text

Housing Complexity Alters GFAP-Immunoreactive Astrocyte Morphology in the Rat Dentate Gyrus by Garrick Salois, Jeffrey S. Smith

“…In the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, enriched environments evoke especially profound neural changes, including increases in the number of neurons and the number of dendritic spines. However, whether changes in astrocytes, a type of glia increasingly implicated in mediating neuroplasticity, are concurrent with these neural changes remains to be investigated. …”
Get full text

Chronic Social Defeat Stress Modulates Dendritic Spines Structural Plasticity in Adult Mouse Frontal Association Cortex by Yu Shu, Tonghui Xu

“…Previous studies have shown that dendrites and spines of pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex undergo drastic reorganization following chronic stress experience. …”
Get full text

Peripheral nerves adjacent to spinal cord injury could help restore sensory motor regeneration in complete paralysis patients by Mohammad Mousazadeh

“… Peripheral nerves adjacent to spinal cord injury could help restore sensory motor neurons regeneration Background and objectives: In people with spinal cord injury we hypothesize that peripheral nerves in the thoracic segment and accessory nerve and supra scapula nerve branches on the back of the patient can be sacrificed to use them to stimulate regeneration in spinal cord injury due to trauma. …”
Get full text

The Endotoxin-Induced Neuroinflammation Model of Parkinson's Disease by Kemal Ugur Tufekci, Sermin Genc, Kursad Genc

“…This model, by itself or together with genetic and toxin-based animal models, provides an important tool to delineate the precise mechanisms of neuroinflammation-mediated dopaminergic neuron loss. Here, we review the characteristics of this model and the contribution of neuroinflammatory processes, induced by the in vivo administration of bacterial endotoxin, to neurodegeneration. …”
Get full text

Machine learning identified novel players in lipid metabolism, endosomal trafficking, and iron metabolism of the ALS spinal cord by Jack Cheng, Bor-Tsang Wu, Hsin-Ping Liu, Wei-Yong Lin

“…Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Although genes causing familial cases have been identified, those of sporadic ALS, which occupies the majority of patients, are still elusive. …”
Get full text

Ketogenic Diet: A Review of Composition Diversity, Mechanism of Action and Clinical Application by Dominika Malinowska, Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska

“…The beneficial effects of the KD on neurological diseases are related to the reconstruction of myelin sheaths of neurons, reduction of neuron inflammation, decreased production of reactive oxygen species, support of dopamine production, repair of damaged mitochondria and formation of new ones. …”
Get full text

Treatment Tactics for Psychosis in Parkinson’s Disease: A Literature Review by Daiva Milmantienė

“…The loss of dopaminergic neurons and disturbances in their connections cause deficient signaling of dopamine circuits, which results in motor and non-motor symptoms. …”
Get full text

The Benefits and Detriments of Macrophages/Microglia in Models of Multiple Sclerosis by Khalil S. Rawji, V. Wee Yong

“…Such detriments include toxicity to neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, release of proteases, release of inflammatory cytokines and free radicals, and recruitment and reactivation of T lymphocytes in the CNS. …”
Get full text

Ascorbic acid-containing compound efficacy in ischemic brain damage by Rita M. Termulaeva, Konstantin Y. Belanov, Natalya D. Bunyatyan, Aleksander S. Pirozhkov, Dmitrii E. Timoshkin, Ekaterina V. Blinova, Olga V. Vasilkina, Kirill D. Blinov, Elena V. Semeleva, Aleksander A. Dmitriev, Dmitrii S. Blinov

“…Results: Preincubation of cortical cells with 10-100 μM of 3-EA leads to inhibition of [Ca2+]i in cytosol of neurons and astrocytes under GluTox and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions. …”
Get full text

Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Expression of Related Proteins in Aging Mice by WANG Sinuo, CAO Yajun, XIANG Qing, YAN Jiamin, LIN Yanting, ZHUANG Yueyang, GUO Xiaoqin, LIU Weilin

“…Nissl staining was used to detect the morphology of hippocampal neurons, Golgi staining was used to detect the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus. …”
Get full text

Retinopathy Disease Detection and Classification Using a Coordinate Attention Module-Based Convolutional Neural Network with Leaky Rectified Linear Unit by Pravin Balaso Chopade, Prabhakar N. Kota, Bhagvat D. Jadhav, Pravin Marotrao Ghate, Shriram Sadashiv Kulkarni

“…The existing techniques have limitations such as neuron death issues, vanishing gradient, and output offset. …”
Get full text

LoCS-Net: Localizing convolutional spiking neural network for fast visual place recognition by Ugur Akcal, Ugur Akcal, Ugur Akcal, Ivan Georgiev Raikov, Ekaterina Dmitrievna Gribkova, Ekaterina Dmitrievna Gribkova, Anwesa Choudhuri, Anwesa Choudhuri, Seung Hyun Kim, Mattia Gazzola, Rhanor Gillette, Rhanor Gillette, Ivan Soltesz, Girish Chowdhary, Girish Chowdhary, Girish Chowdhary

“…Rate-based approximations of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons are employed during training, which are then replaced with spiking LIF neurons during inference. …”
Get full text

Effect of regional crosstalk between sympathetic nerves and sensory nerves on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic pain by Zhangyu Ma, Qianqian Wan, Wenpin Qin, Wen Qin, Janfei Yan, Yina Zhu, Yuzhu Wang, Yuxuan Ma, Meichen Wan, Xiaoxiao Han, Haoyan Zhao, Yuxuan Hou, Franklin R. Tay, Lina Niu, Kai Jiao

“…In vitro experiments also confirmed that norepinephrine released by sympathetic neurons promotes the activation and axonal growth of sensory neurons. …”
Get full text

SF1-specific deletion of the energy sensor AMPKγ2 induces obesity by Óscar Freire-Agulleiro, Ánxela Estévez-Salguero, Vitor Ferreira, Cassie Lynn Holleman, Julia García-Currás, Ismael González-García, Rubén Nogueiras, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Cristina García-Cáceres, Carlos Diéguez, Miguel López

“…Methods: To fill this gap of knowledge, we investigated the effects of selectively deleting the regulatory isoform AMPKγ2, which is a primary “energy sensor”, in steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH). …”
Get full text

Gain-of-function ANXA11 mutation cause late-onset ALS with aberrant protein aggregation, neuroinflammation and autophagy impairment by Qing Liu, Ye Sun, Baodong He, Haodong Chen, Lijing Wang, Gaojie Wang, Kang Zhang, Ximeng Zhao, Xinzhe Zhang, Dongchao Shen, Xue Zhang, Liying Cui

“…Pathological analysis revealed early abnormal aggregates in spinal cord motor neurons, cortical neurons, and muscle cells of homozygous mice. …”
Get full text

Decreasing alpha-synuclein aggregation on rotenone-induced adult Zebrafish as Parkinson’s Diseases model by ethanol extraction of Keluwih (Artocarpus camansi) leaves by Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo, Faisal Akhmal Muslikh, Ni Putu Diah Nopitasari, Putu Dea Angelita Putri

“…This progressive disease is characterized by the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra due to the presence of alpha-synuclein aggregates. …”
Get full text

Irreversibility in non-reciprocal chaotic systems by Tuan Minh Pham, Albert Alonso, Karel Proesmans

“…Specifically, we establish an exact relation between the averaged entropy production rate—a measure of irreversibility—and the autocorrelation function for an infinite system of neurons coupled via random non-reciprocal interactions. …”
Get full text