Treatment of autonomous intestinal neuropathy in critical care by prucalopride and multistrain probiotic by A. L. Kovaleva, A. I. Ulyanin, O. Yu. Kiselyova, Ye. A. Poluektova, O. S. Shifrin, A. S. Tertychny, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Basic mechanisms for development of autonomous intestinal neuropathy are discussed: suppression of smooth muscular contractility by C. difficile toxins A and B (in the first of presented cases) and combined autoimmune neuronal damage by immune cells due to expression of proteins by neoplastic cells (in the second case). …”
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Increasing brain half-life of antibodies by additional binding to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, a CNS specific protein by Marie-Lynn Cuypers, Tom Jaspers, Jarne Clerckx, Simon Leekens, Christopher Cawthorne, Guy Bormans, Frederik Cleeren, Nick Geukens, Bart De Strooper, Maarten Dewilde

“…Additional MOG binding of antibodies does not affect peripheral biodistribution but alters brain distribution to white matter localization and less neuronal internalization. Conclusions We have discovered mouse/human/cynomolgus cross-reactive anti-MOG VHHs which have the ability to drastically increase brain exposure of antibodies. …”
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Longitudinal exploration of cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with newly diagnosed aggressive lymphoma: protocol for a feasibility study by Vincent Dore, Christopher C Rowe, Meinir Krishnasamy, Haryana Dhillon, Adam K Walker, Karla Gough, Priscilla Gates, Carlene Wilson, Eliza Hawkes, Yuliya Perchyonok, Janette L Vardy, Michiel de Ruiter

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Comprehensive analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq reveals the non-cardiomyocytes heterogeneity and novel cell populations in dilated cardiomyopathy by Siyu He, Chunyu Li, Mingxin Lu, Fang Lin, Sangyu Hu, Junfang Zhang, Luying Peng, Li Li

“…Based on gene-specific expression and prior marker genes, we identified 9 distinct subtypes, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myeloid cells, pericytes, T/NK cells, smooth muscle cells, neuronal cells, B cells, and cardiomyocytes. Using machine learning methods to quantify bulk RNA-seq data, we found significant differences in fibroblasts, T cells, and macrophages between DCM and normal samples. …”
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Analysis of early effects of human APOE isoforms on Alzheimer’s disease and type III hyperlipoproteinemia pathways using knock-in rat models with humanized APP and APOE by Metin Yesiltepe, Tao Yin, Marc Tambini, Hanmei Bao, Meixia Pan, Cristina d’Abramo, Luca Giliberto, Xianlin Han, Luciano D’Adamio

“…Neuroinflammation analysis revealed lower levels of IL13, IL4 and IL5 in APOE2 hAβ  males compared to APOE4 hAβ males. Neuronal transmission and plasticity tests using field Input-Output (I/O) and long-term potentiation (LTP) recordings showed increased excitability in all APOE-carrying rats, with LTP deficits in APOE2 hAβ and APOE4 hAβ rats compared to Apoe hAβ and APOE3 hAβ rats. …”
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Optical coherence tomography in differential diagnosis of optic neuropathy of various genesis by S.I. Zhukova, D.Yu. Samsonov, T.N. Yur’eva, T.V. Prozorova

“…</p> <p> <b>Conclusion:</b> different patterns of peripapillary RNFL and macular GCC damages are caused by pathogenesis of primary neuronal damage. These differences can be used as differential diagnostic criteria for GON and non-GON conditions in routine clinical practice. …”
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Effects of flame retardant tributyl phosphate on early development of zebrafish by Yao LI, Jingying ZHU, Yao LI, Limei CHEN, Pengfei ZHU, Xinliang DING, Weijie ZHOU

“…The q-PCR results showed that the expression levels of HTP axis-related genes [thyroid hormone receptors (trα, \begin{document}$tr\beta $\end{document}), thyroglobulin (tg), and sodium/iodide co-transporter (nis)] were significantly down-regulated in the exposure groups, the expression level of transthyretin (ttr) was significantly up-regulated in the 0.02 μg·L−1 TBP group, and the iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (dio2) expression level was significantly down-regulated in the 0.02 μg·L−1 TBP group (P<0.05); the neurodevelopment-related gene acetylcholinesterase (ache) was significantly down-regulated in the exposure groups, and the expression levels of myelin basic protein (mbp) and Elav like neuron-specific RNA binding protein 3 (elavl3) were significantly down-regulated in the 0.02 μg·L−1 TBP group (P<0.05). …”
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The effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on cardiovascular function in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: A randomized trial by Gansheng Tan, Anna L Huguenard, Kara M Donovan, Phillip Demarest, Xiaoxuan Liu, Ziwei Li, Markus Adamek, Kory Lavine, Ananthv K Vellimana, Terrance T Kummer, Joshua W Osbun, Gregory J Zipfel, Peter Brunner, Eric C Leuthardt

“…Funding: The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (ALH), The Aneurysm and AVM Foundation (ALH), The National Institutes of Health R01-EB026439, P41-EB018783, U24-NS109103, R21-NS128307 (ECL, PB), McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience (ECL, PB), and Fondazione Neurone (PB). Clinical trial number: NCT04557618.…”
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FTO rs17817449 Variant Increases the Risk of Severe Obesity in a Brazilian Cohort: A Case-Control Study by Salum KCR, Assis ISS, Kopke ÚA, Palhinha L, Abreu GM, Gouvêa LW, Teixeira MR, Mattos FCC, Nogueira Neto JF, Felício RFM, Rosado EL, Zembrzuski VM, Campos Junior M, Maya-Monteiro CM, Cabello PH, Carneiro JRI, Bozza PT, Kohlrausch FB, da Fonseca ACP

“…The leptin-melanocortin pathway integrates peripheral signals about the body’s energy stores with a central neuronal circuit in the hypothalamus. This pathway has been extensively studied over the years, as genetic variations in genes related to it may play a crucial role in determining an individual’s susceptibility to obesity. …”
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Effect and Mechanism of Electroacupuncture at the Affected Side of Quchi （LI 11） and Yanglingquan （GB 34） Acupoints in Rats with Limb Spasms after Cerebral Infarction by ZHAN Sheng, HUANG Linxing, YI Lizhen, CHEN Ruixue, HUANG Huiyuan, YUE Zenghui

“…Compared with the model group, the pathological changes of brain tissue in the electroacupuncture group improved, the degree of neuronal injury was reduced, more normal cells were observed, the cell contour was clear, and the number of inflammatory cells decreased. (3) Contents of TNF-α, IL-6, Glu and MDA in the ischemic cortex: compared with the sham operation group, the contents of TNF-α, IL-6, Glu and MDA in the model group and the electroacupuncture group significantly increased (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). …”
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Unveiling neurogenic biomarkers for the differentiation between sepsis patients with or without encephalopathy: an updated meta-analysis by Jiyun Hu, Wenchao Li, Shucai Xie, Ya Liao, Tao Chen, Xinrun Wang, Weiping Xia, Fang Huang, Zhaoxin Qian, Lina Zhang

“…A meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively and critically evaluate the existing body of evidence regarding the use of serum neurogenic biomarkers: neuron-specific enolase (NSE), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), Tau, S100 calcium-binding protein β (S100β), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for the diagnosis and risk assessment of fatality in SAE. …”
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Interplay between oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory cytokines and melatonin in Alzheimer's disease: Insights from cerebrospinal fluid analysis by Francisco Artime-Naveda, David Hevia, Rebeca Alonso-Arias, Carmen Martínez, Isabel Quirós-González, Rafael Cernuda-Cernuda, Alejando Alvarez-Artime, Iván Menéndez-Valle, Rosa M. Sainz, Juan C. Mayo

“…Results: Correlational and group analysis showed a positive association between oxidative stress and neuronal damage. TNF-α negatively correlated with CSF Aβ levels (amyloid plaques) while only RANTES/CCL5 correlated positively with T-tau and P-tau. …”
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A phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a valproate/lithium combination in ALS patients by M.-C. Boll, M. Alcaraz-Zubeldia, C. Rios, D. González-Esquivel, S. Montes

“…A combination of lithium carbonate and valproic acid (VPA-Li) was shown to inhibit motor neuron death and delay disease progression. Methods: Outpatients with a typical ALS presentation were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of orally administered VPA-Li. …”
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A phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a valproate/lithium combination in ALS patients by M.-C. Boll, M. Alcaraz-Zubeldia, C. Rios, D. González-Esquivel, S. Montes

“…A combination of lithium carbonate and valproic acid (VPA-Li) was shown to inhibit motor neuron death and delay disease progression. Methods: Outpatients with a typical ALS presentation were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of orally administered VPA-Li. …”
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