Enhanced detection of mild cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease: a hybrid model integrating dual biomarkers and advanced machine learning by John Sahaya Rani Alex, R. Roshini, G. Maneesha, Jeetashree Aparajeeta, B. Priyadarshini, Chih-Yang Lin, Chi-Wen Lung

“…AD is marked by the buildup of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are believed to cause neuronal loss and cognitive decline. Both Aβ plaques and NFTs accumulate for many years before the clinical symptoms become apparent in AD. …”
Get full text

Individual and joint effects of exposure to multiple organophosphate esters and the risk of depression in adults: Differences in sex, age, and physical activity by Qingmiao Wei, Jiyun Wei, Jun Liang

“…Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are neuron-disrupting chemicals that potentially cause depression. …”
Get full text

Autophagy: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Its Therapeutic Implications for Health and Disease by Hourolein Arab, Mohammad Reza Mofid, Mahboube Rahmati, Elahe Gharehkhani, Armin Mokhtariye, Mohammad Shokrzadeh

“…In the nervous system, autophagy helps prevent the accumulation of harmful proteins and supports neuronal function. Additionally, autophagy plays a significant role in combating invasive pathogens, serving as a defensive mechanism against bacteria and viruses. …”
Get full text

Cannabis use amongst tinnitus patients: consumption patterns and attitudes by Dorsa Mavedatnia, Marc Levin, Jong Wook Lee, Amr F. Hamour, Kaye Dizon, Trung Le

“…Cannabis is known to modulate neuron hyperexcitability, provide protection against auditory damage, and has been used for treatment for many diseases which have physiological similarities with tinnitus. …”
Get full text

Chlorpromazine and Promethazine (C+P) Reduce Brain Injury after Ischemic Stroke through the PKC-δ/NOX/MnSOD Pathway by Sichao Guo, Fengwu Li, Melissa Wills, James Yip, Alexandra Wehbe, Changya Peng, Xiaokun Geng, Yuchuan Ding

“…Inhibiting ischemia-induced oxidative stress would be beneficial for reducing neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal cell survival. Studies have demonstrated that chlorpromazine and promethazine (C+P) induce neuroprotection. …”
Get full text

Neurofilament Light Chain Assessment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy by Israa Abdelmalik Salem, Sura Ahmed Abdulsattar, Haider Fadhil Alrubaye

“… Background: A neuron-specific cytoskeletal protein called Neurofilament light chain is present in the cytoplasm of myelinated axons especially those with a large diameter which is essential for maintaining the size as well as for structural support.   …”
Get full text

Genetic basis of depressive disorders by Yu. D. Davydova, R. F. Enikeeva, A. V. Kazantseva, R. N. Mustafin, A. R. Romanova, S. B. Malykh, E. K. Khusnutdinov

“…In addition, there is evidence of the involvement of HPA-axis genes (OXTR, AVPR1A, and AVPR1B), sex hormone receptors genes (ESR1, ESR2, and AR), neurotrophin (BDNF) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes, neuronal apoptosis (CASP3, BCL-XL, BAX, NPY, APP, and GRIN1) and inflammatory system (TNF, CRP, IL6, IL1B, PSMB4, PSMD9, and STAT3) genes in DD development. …”
Get full text

Spinorphin Molecules as Opportunities for Incorporation into Spinorphin@AuNPs Conjugate Systems for Potential Sustained Targeted Delivery to the Brain by Stela Georgieva, Petar Todorov, Jana Tchekalarova

“…This suggests that these formulations may effectively target the underlying neuronal hyperexcitability. In addition, the prepared Rh-S@AuNP formulations also showed anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock test performed in mice, which was evident after systemic (intraperitoneal) administration. …”
Get full text

Multi-step Prediction of Monthly Sediment Concentration Based on WPT-ARO-DBN/WPT-EPO-DBN Model by GAO Xuemei, CUI Dongwen

“…Accurate multi-step sediment concentration prediction is of significance for regional soil erosion control,flood control and disaster reduction.To improve the multi-step prediction accuracy of sediment concentration and the prediction performance of the deep belief network (DBN),this paper proposes a multi-step prediction model of monthly sediment concentration by combining the artificial rabbit optimization (ARO) algorithm,eagle habitat optimization (EPO) algorithm,and DBN based on wavelet packet transform (WPT).The model is validated using time series data of monthly sediment concentration from Longtan Station in Yunnan Province.Firstly,WPT is employed to decompose the time series data of the monthly sediment concentration of the case in three layers,and eight more regular subsequence components are obtained.Secondly,the principles of ARO and EPO algorithms are introduced,and hyperparameters such as the neuron number in the hidden layer of DBN are optimized by ARO and EPO.Meanwhile,WPT-ARO-DBN and WPT-EPO-DBN prediction models are built,and WPT-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-DBN and WPT-DBN are constructed for comparative analysis.Finally,four models are adopted to predict each subsequence component,and the predicted values are superimposed to obtain the multi-step prediction results of the final monthly sediment concentration.The results are as follows.① WPT-ARO-DBN and WPT-EPO-DBN models have satisfactory prediction effects on the monthly sediment concentration of the case from one step ahead to four steps ahead.This yields sound prediction results for five steps ahead.The prediction effect for six steps ahead and seven steps ahead is average,and the prediction accuracy for eight steps ahead is poor and cannot meet the prediction accuracy requirements.② The multi-step prediction performance of WPT-ARO-DBN and WPT-EPO-DBN models is superior to WPT-PSO-DBN models and far superior to WPT-DBN models,with higher prediction accuracy,better generalization ability,and larger prediction step size.③ ARO and EPO can effectively optimize DBN hyperparameters,improve DBN prediction performance,and have better optimization effects than PSO.Additionally,WPT-ARO-DBN and WPT-EPO-DBN models can give full play to the advantages of WPT,new swarm intelligence algorithms and the DBN network and improve the multi-step prediction accuracy of monthly sediment concentration,and the prediction accuracy decreases with the increasing prediction steps.…”
Get full text

Electroacupuncture Therapy Effectively Protects the Rat Brain after Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Li Huang, Xuehui Fan, Yao Chen, Heng Lin, Xiaoqian Jiang, Chaoxian Yang

“…The serum myelin basic protein (MBP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), calcium-binding protein B (S100B), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations were examined with ELISA. …”
Get full text

Two-year follow-up of gait and postural control following initiation of recombinant human tripeptidyl intracerebroventricular enzyme replacement therapy in two atypical CLN2 patien... by Rahul Soangra, Marybeth Grant-Beuttler, Harriet Chang, Raymond Y. Wang

“…Abstract Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 (CLN2) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to premature mortality. …”
Get full text

Deep learning models reveal the link between dynamic brain connectivity patterns and states of consciousness by Chloé Gomez, Lynn Uhrig, Vincent Frouin, Edouard Duchesnay, Béchir Jarraya, Antoine Grigis

“…We demonstrated the model’s efficiency in summarizing consciousness-specific information encoded in key inter-areal connections, as described in the global neuronal workspace theory of consciousness. The proposed framework advocates the possibility of developing an interpretable computational brain model of interest for disorders of consciousness, paving the way for a dynamic diagnostic support tool.…”
Get full text

Safety and Efficacy of Nusinersen Focusing on Renal and Hematological Parameters in Spinal Muscular Atrophy by Hüseyin Bahadır Şenol, Gizem Yıldız, Ayşe İpek Polat, Adem Aydın, Ayşe Semra Hız, Alper Soylu, Uluç Yiş

“…ABSTRACT Background Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disease caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. …”
Get full text

Clinical Efficacy of Subhypothermia in the Treatment of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Combined with Myocardial Damage by XiaoPing Dang, XiaoJian Hu, Xun Jiang, WeiGuo Chen, YuanCui Meng, Qi Pan, Fen Yang

“…The serum levels of S-100β protein, Tau protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (ɑ-HBDH), myoglobin (Myo), cardiac trophic factor-1 (CT-1), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ) were measured in both groups before and after treatment, respectively. …”
Get full text

Age-related aspects of glioma: current understanding. Literature review by Serhii P. Luhovskyi, Tetiana Y. Kvitnytska-Ryzhova

“…This classification groups gliomas within the category "Gliomas, glioneuronal tumors, and neuronal tumors," distinguishing between adult-type and pediatric-type diffuse gliomas, corresponding to low-grade and high-grade malignancies (LGG and HGG), highlighting the fundamental role of age in gliomagenesis. …”
Get full text

Elevated serum neurofilament light chain levels in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study by Karel Pavelka, Marta Olejárova, Veronika Balajková, Aneta Prokopcová, Martin Elisak, Hana Mojžišová

“…Background The neurofilament light chain (NfL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum as a marker of neuronal damage may be a potential biomarker of neuropsychiatric involvement in SLE (NPSLE).Methods 80 patients with SLE were included.We obtained paired serum and CSF samples from 48 patients (NPSLE n=32, non-NPSLE n=16) and 31 controls. …”
Get full text

The role and mechanism of HMGB1-mediated Notch1/Hes-1 pathway in anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice with chronic rhinosinusitis by Fangwei Zhou, Yiting Jiang, Yangsong Li, Jianyao Li, Tian Zhang, Guodong Yu

“…Nissl staining revealed hippocampal neuron damage, and immunofluorescence indicated microglial activation in CRS mice. …”
Get full text

Astrocytic Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a Contributes to the Development of Epileptic Cognitive Impairment by Wen Li, Huimin Zhou, Xiaona Li, Gengyao Hu, Dong Wei

“…Reactive astrogliosis and acidosis, common features of epileptogenic lesions, express a high level of astrocytic acid-sensing ion channel-1a (ASIC1a), a proton-gated cation channel and key mediator of responses to neuronal injury. This study investigates the role of astrocytic ASIC1a in cognitive impairment following epilepsy. …”
Get full text

Pain in pancreatitis: issue and ways out by A. V. Okhlobystin

“…Sensitization affect not only nerve terminals, but neurones of spinal cord and brain as well. Patients develop plastic changes in central nervous system as well, i.e. …”
Get full text

INTERRELATION OF PRIONS WITH NON-CODING RNAS by R. N. Mustafin, E. K. Khusnutdinova

“…In the brain of animals and humans, transposon activity has been observed, which has a regulatory effect on the differentiation of neuronal stem cells. Transposons form the basis of domain structures of long non-coding RNAs. …”
Get full text