Signal and modulating role of enzymes of digestive glands by G. F. Korotko

“…Proteinases realize effects through protease-activated receptors of four types which are localized on membranes of glandular cells, leiomyocytes, sensory terminals of afferent neurons and neuroendocrine producers of regulatory peptides, yielding direct and mediated morphofunctional effects.Conclusion. …”
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Regulatory mechanism of Reelin activity: a platform for exploiting Reelin as a therapeutic agent by Mitsuharu Hattori

“…Reelin is a secreted glycoprotein that was initially investigated in the field of neuronal development. However, in recent decades, its role in the adult brain has become increasingly important, and it is now clear that diminished Reelin function is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). …”
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Role of serotonin in physiology and diseases of gastro-intestinal tract by E. F. Barinov, O. N. Sulayeva

“…Enterochromaffin cells and intramural neurons of GIT are main source of serotonin in the body. …”
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Tutor Inteligente con reconocimiento y manejo de emociones para Matemáticas by Mari­a Luci­a Barron Estrada, Ramón Zatarain Cabada, Yasmín Hernández Pérez

“…El reconocimiento de emociones se lleva a cabo a través de expresiones faciales, lo cual se realiza por medio de una red neuronal artificial. La red social y el Sistema Tutor Inteligente con manejo afectivo han sido probados en escuelas públicas y privadas de la localidad, con resultados muy favorables.…”
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Novel insights into mechanisms and therapeutics for presbycusis by Xiaoying Lin, Yiyuan Xu, Chunmei Fan, Guanbin Zhang

“…Irreversible hearing loss occurs due to the limited regenerative capacity of spiral neurons and peripheral cochlear hair cells (HCs). …”
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Irreversibility in non-reciprocal chaotic systems by Tuan Minh Pham, Albert Alonso, Karel Proesmans

“…Specifically, we establish an exact relation between the averaged entropy production rate—a measure of irreversibility—and the autocorrelation function for an infinite system of neurons coupled via random non-reciprocal interactions. …”
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Impaired Functional Connectivity in the Prefrontal Cortex: A Mechanism for Chronic Stress-Induced Neuropsychiatric Disorders by Ignacio Negrón-Oyarzo, Francisco Aboitiz, Pablo Fuentealba

“…We propose that chronic stress impairs mechanisms involved in neuronal functional connectivity in the PFC that are required for the formation of adaptive representations for the execution of adaptive behavioral responses. …”
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease by P. C. Keane, M. Kurzawa, P. G. Blain, C. M. Morris

“…This paper aims to illustrate the considerable body of evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction with neuronal cell death in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of PD patients and to highlight the important need for further research in this area.…”
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Modeling the Encephalopathy of Prematurity in Animals: The Important Role of Translational Research by Hannah C. Kinney, Joseph J. Volpe

“…Nevertheless, animal models that simultaneously address oligodendrocyte, neuronal, and axonal injury carry the potential to decipher shared mechanisms and synergistic treatments to ameliorate the global consequences of the encephalopathy of prematurity.…”
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Dynamic Changes in the Nigrostriatal Pathway in the MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease by Dongping Huang, Jing Xu, Jinghui Wang, Jiabin Tong, Xiaochen Bai, Heng Li, Zishan Wang, Yulu Huang, Yufei Wu, Mei Yu, Fang Huang

“…Pathophysiological events, such as reductions in the striatal dopamine (DA) concentrations and levels of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein, depletion of TH-positive nerve fibers, a decrease in the number of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and glial activation, are addressed. …”
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Cytokine and Growth Factor Activation In Vivo and In Vitro after Spinal Cord Injury by Elisa Garcia, Jorge Aguilar-Cevallos, Raul Silva-Garcia, Antonio Ibarra

“…These mechanisms include the disruption of the spinal cord blood barrier, edema and ion imbalance, in particular intracellular calcium and sodium concentrations, glutamate excitotoxicity, free radicals, and the inflammatory response contributing to the neurodegenerative process which is characterized by demyelination and apoptosis of neuronal tissue.…”
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The Role of the Innate Immune System in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: An Eye on Microglia by Elisa Ridolfi, Cinzia Barone, Elio Scarpini, Daniela Galimberti

“…They are extremely sensitive to the environmental changes in the brain and are activated in response to several pathologic events within the CNS, including altered neuronal function, infection, injury, and inflammation. …”
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Valence and salience encoding in the central amygdala by Mi-Seon Kong, Ethan Ancell, Daniela M Witten, Larry S Zweifel

“…Here, we used single cell calcium imaging in mice during appetitive and aversive conditioning and found that majority of CeA neurons (~65%) encode the valence of the unconditioned stimulus (US) with a smaller subset of cells (~15%) encoding the salience of the US. …”
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Microglia and Spinal Cord Synaptic Plasticity in Persistent Pain by Sarah Taves, Temugin Berta, Gang Chen, Ru-Rong Ji

“…Insights into microglial-neuronal interactions in the spinal cord dorsal horn will not only further our understanding of neural plasticity but may also lead to novel therapeutics for chronic pain management.…”
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Potential of ultrasound stimulation and sonogenetics in vision restoration: a narrative review by Jie Ji, Chen Gong, Gengxi Lu, Junhang Zhang, Baoqiang Liu, Xunan Liu, Junhao Lin, Patrick Wang, Biju B. Thomas, Mark S. Humayun, Qifa Zhou

“…We also address how methods such as viral transcription can be utilized to render specific neurons or organs highly responsive to ultrasound, leading to significantly improved therapeutic outcomes.…”
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Long-term consequences of adolescent exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid AB-FUBINACA in male and female mice by Cristina Izquierdo-Luengo, María Ponce-Renilla, Marc Ten-Blanco, María Andrea Arnanz, Rosa María Tolón, Inmaculada Pereda-Pérez, Fernando Berrendero

“…In this sense, the administration of this synthetic cannabinoid in female, but not male, mice induced psychotic-like symptoms which were associated with changes in dendritic arborization and density of mature dendritic spines in pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex, as well as with an up-regulation of differentially expressed genes in this brain area. …”
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NaHS modulates astrocytic EAAT2 expression to impact SNI-induced neuropathic pain and depressive-like behaviors by Man-Man Qi, Heng-Yue Peng, Tian-Ge Zhang, Yan Li, Meng-Ya Gao, Wen-Bo Sun, Xu-Peng Wang

“…The study further demonstrates NaHS’s potential in reducing glutamate levels in the spinal cord and the discharge frequency of neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex hindlimb region (S1HL) brain area, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for neuropathic pain through the modulation of astrocyte function and EAAT2 expression.…”
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Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Antidepressive Therapy: Shocking Relations by Peter Rotheneichner, Simona Lange, Anna O’Sullivan, Julia Marschallinger, Pia Zaunmair, Christian Geretsegger, Ludwig Aigner, Sebastien Couillard-Despres

“…Speculations on the involvement of hippocampal neurogenesis, a form of neuronal plasticity, in the aetiology of depression and the mode of action of antidepressive therapies, started to arise more than a decade ago. …”
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Adaptive Neural Network Motion Control of Manipulators with Experimental Evaluations by S. Puga-Guzmán, J. Moreno-Valenzuela, V. Santibáñez

“…A nonlinear proportional-derivative controller plus adaptive neuronal network compensation is proposed. With the aim of estimating the desired torque, a two-layer neural network is used. …”
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Machine learning identified novel players in lipid metabolism, endosomal trafficking, and iron metabolism of the ALS spinal cord by Jack Cheng, Bor-Tsang Wu, Hsin-Ping Liu, Wei-Yong Lin

“…Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Although genes causing familial cases have been identified, those of sporadic ALS, which occupies the majority of patients, are still elusive. …”
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