Voluntary Forelimbs Exercise Reduces Immobilization-Induced Mechanical Hyperalgesia in the Rat Hind Paw by Kumiko Ishikawa, Satoshi Oga, Kyo Goto, Junya Sakamoto, Ryo Sasaki, Yuichiro Honda, Hideki Kataoka, Minoru Okita

“…To investigate the abnormality of primary sensory neurons and central sensitization, the number of calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive cells in the dorsal root ganglion and the expression level of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the spinal dorsal horn were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. …”
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Direct engulfment of synapses by overactivated microglia due to cadmium exposure and the protective role of Nrf2 by Siyao Li, Mingdan You, Chengjie Chen, Jingqi Fu, Yuanyuan Xu, Jingbo Pi, Yi Wang

“…Finally, we developed co-culture systems of either Nrf2-KD or Scramble microglia and primary neurons or HT22 neurons to study the effects of Nrf2-regulated microglial activation on synaptic damages induced by Cd. …”
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Electroacupuncture Involved in Motor Cortex and Hypoglossal Neural Control to Improve Voluntary Swallowing of Poststroke Dysphagia Mice by Shuai Cui, Shuqi Yao, Chunxiao Wu, Lulu Yao, Peidong Huang, Yongjun Chen, Chunzhi Tang, Nenggui Xu

“…In previous work, we have demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) could regulate swallowing-related motor neurons and promote swallowing activity in the essential part of central pattern generator (CPG), containing nucleus ambiguus (NA), nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and ventrolateral medulla (VLM) under the physiological condition. …”
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Alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonists for the prevention of delirium and cognitive decline after open heart surgery (ALPHA2PREVENT): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled... by Eva Skovlund, Rune Haaverstad, Henrik Zetterberg, Jorunn L Helbostad, Rolf Busund, Johan Raeder, Theis Tønnessen, Torgeir Bruun Wyller, Melanie R Simpson, Nils Kristian Skjærvold, Bjørn Erik Neerland, Svein Aslak Landsverk, Ieva Martinaityte, Hilde Margrethe Norum, Geir Selbaek, Elisabeth Skaar, Arjen JC Slooter, Øyvind Sverre Svendsen, Alexander Wahba

“…We aim to study whether repurposing of clonidine can represent a novel treatment option for delirium, and the possible effects of dexmedetomidine and clonidine on long-term cognitive trajectories, motor activity patterns and biomarkers of neuronal injury, and whether these effects are associated with frailty status.Methods and analysis This five-centre, double-blind randomised controlled trial will include 900 cardiac surgery patients aged 70+ years. …”
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El negativo de la epilepsia: un ejercicio intelectual de ciencia-ficción by Fernanda Cerda S.

“…Se aportan argumentos que apuntan a que el cuadro en sí no necesariamente constituye manifestación de muerte, daño o deterioro de funciones a nivel neuronal o cognitivo.…”
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Horseshoe Chaos in a 3D Neural Network with Different Activation Functions by Fangyan Yang, Song Tang, Guilan Xu

“…This paper studies a small neural network with three neurons. First, the activation function takes the sign function. …”
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An improved blind detection algorithm of chaos Hopfield neural network by Dawei YU, Shaowei CHEN, Shujuan YU

“…In order to improve the flexibility of the activation function of the blind detection algorithm in Hopfield neural network,an activation function with better nonlinear approximation ability near the origin was proposed.For the case where the algorithm trapped in local optima,utilizing the good ergodicity and randomness of chaos mapping,chaos was used to generate the initial sequence at the starting point of the algorithm,and small-amplitude chaotic perturbation was performed when the current global optimum value was constant,so as to reduce the error performance of the algorithm.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the sensitivity of neurons to input values,has strong anti-interference ability and fast convergence speed,and improves the blind detection performance.…”
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Novel strategies targeting mitochondria-lysosome contact sites for the treatment of neurological diseases by Yinyin Xie, Wenlin Sun, Aoya Han, Xinru Zhou, Shijie Zhang, Changchang Shen, Yi Xie, Cui Wang, Nanchang Xie

“…Mitochondria and lysosomes are critical for neuronal homeostasis, as highlighted by their dysfunction in various neurological diseases. …”
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Levodopa Responsive Parkinsonism in Patients with Hemochromatosis: Case Presentation and Literature Review by Tarun Girotra, Abhimanyu Mahajan, Christos Sidiropoulos

“…The excess iron promotes Parkin and α-synuclein aggregation in the neurons. Excess iron has also been noted in substantia nigra on MRI especially using susceptibility weighted imaging in patients with Parkinson’s disease. …”
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Effects of Cisplatin in Neuroblastoma Rat Cells: Damage to Cellular Organelles by Giada Santin, Luigi Scietti, Paola Veneroni, Sergio Barni, Graziella Bernocchi, Maria Grazia Bottone

“…This paper aims to describe the morphological and functional changes of the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes during apoptosis induced in neuronal rat cells (B50) by cisplatin. The results obtained show that the cellular organelles are the target of cisPt, so their damage can induce cell death.…”
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Astrocytes and Developmental Plasticity in Fragile X by Connie Cheng, Mary Sourial, Laurie C. Doering

“…Alterations in the partnership between astrocytes and neurons have now emerged as important mechanisms that underlie neuropathology. …”
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Wallerian degeneration: From mechanism to disease to imaging by Ruiqi Tian, Yingying Zhou, Yuan Ren, Yisen Zhang, Wei Tang

“…Initial studies suggested that the formation mechanism of WD is related to the nutrition of neuronal cell bodies to axons. However, with the wide application of transgenic mice in experiments, the latest studies have found that the mechanism of WD is related to axonal degeneration, myelin clearance and extracellular matrix. …”
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The history and frontiers of clinic electroencephalography technology by YU Miao, LIU Xiu‐yun, YUE Wei

“…Electroencephalography (EEG), which can intuitively monitor and record the discharge activities of neuronal groups in the brain, is a crucial scientific and clinical diagnostic technique in the field of neuroscience. …”
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Neuroprotective Effects of Stem Cells in Ischemic Stroke by Weilin Xu, Jingwei Zheng, Liansheng Gao, Tao Li, Jianmin Zhang, Anwen Shao

“…The underlying mechanism involved antiapoptosis, anti-inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis and neurogenesis, formation of new neural cells and neuronal circuitry, antioxidation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) protection. …”
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Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (UNIFEi001-A) from a patient with Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) by Mariangela Pappadà, Sara Melija, Martina Facchini, Mara Martino, Sofia Minarini, Anna Caproni, Chiara Nordi, Paola Rimessi, Rita Selvatici, Peggy Marconi

“…These cells can be further differentiated into neural stem cells and neurons to serve as a cellular model.…”
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Role of Microglia in CNS Autoimmunity by Tobias Goldmann, Marco Prinz

“…The disease is characterized histologically by the infiltration of encephalitogenic TH1/TH17-polarized CD4+ T cells, B cells, and a plethora of myeloid cells, resulting in severe demyelination ultimately leading to a degeneration of neuronal structures. These pathological processes are substantially modulated by microglia, the resident immune competent cells of the CNS. …”
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Toll-Like Receptors Expression and Signaling in Glia Cells in Neuro-Amyloidogenic Diseases: Towards Future Therapeutic Application by Dorit Trudler, Dorit Farfara, Dan Frenkel

“…It was recently suggested that TLRs have an important role in the crosstalk between neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Efficient Neural Network Modeling for Flight and Space Dynamics Simulation by Ayman Hamdy Kassem

“…The technique will free the neural network designer from guessing the size and structure for the required neural network model and will help to minimize the number of neurons. For linear flight/space dynamics systems, the technique can find the network weights and biases directly by solving a system of linear equations without the need for training. …”
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From Basic Visual Science to Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The Voyage of Environmental Enrichment-Like Stimulation by Alan Consorti, Gabriele Sansevero, Claudia Torelli, Nicoletta Berardi, Alessandro Sale

“…Genes and environmental stimuli cooperate in the regulation of brain development and formation of the adult neuronal architecture. Genetic alterations or exposure to perturbing environmental conditions, therefore, can lead to altered neural processes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and brain disabilities. …”
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MODELING OF SOLAR RADIATION WITH A NEURAL NETWORK by VALENTIN STOYANOV, IVAYLO STOYANOV, TEODOR ILIEV

“…The possible ANN structure, the size of training data set, the number of hidden neurons, and the type of training algorithms were analyzed in order to identify the most appropriate model. …”
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