SAP30, a novel autophagy regulatory gene in neuroblastoma by Anup S. Pathania, Anjana Murugan, Areem Zahid, Haritha Chava, Don W. Coulter, George A. Calin, Kishore B. Challagundla

“…Autophagy is vital for neuronal development, balance, and differentiation of neural stem cells into mature neurons. …”
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Best1 mitigates ER stress induced by the increased cellular microenvironment stiffness in epilepsy by Hao Wu, Yicong Dong, Qiang Meng, Jingyi Jiang, Bojian Gao, Yutao Ren, Yong Liu, Huanfa Li, Changhe Wang, Hua Zhang

“…These findings suggest that increased stiffness of the cellular microenvironment may contribute to neuronal death during epileptogenesis. Additionally, Best1 upregulation may serve as a protective strategy against excessive ER stress-induced neuronal damage in epilepsy.…”
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Protein Kinase A Is Involved in Neuropathic Pain by Activating the p38MAPK Pathway to Mediate Spinal Cord Cell Apoptosis by Yajun Deng, Liang Yang, Qiqi Xie, Fengbiao Yang, Guoqiang Li, Guangzhi Zhang, Shaoping Li, Zuolong Wu, Jing Wang, Xuewen Kang

“…PKA colocalized with neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, and apoptotic cells were mainly neurons. …”
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Projections from thalamic nucleus reuniens to hippocampal CA1 area participate in context fear extinction by affecting extinction-induced molecular remodeling of excitatory synapse... by Magdalena Ziółkowska, Narges Sotoudeh, Anna Cały, Monika Puchalska, Roberto Pagano, Malgorzata Alicja Śliwińska, Ahmad Salamian, Kasia Radwanska

“…However, it remains poorly understood how RE impacts dCA1 neurons during contextual fear extinction (CFE). Here, we reveal that the RE→dCA1 pathway contributes to the extinction of contextual fear by affecting CFE-induced molecular remodeling of excitatory synapses. …”
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Understanding retinal tau pathology through functional 2D and 3D iPSC-derived in vitro retinal models by Lorenza Mautone, Federica Cordella, Alessandro Soloperto, Silvia Ghirga, Giorgia Di Gennaro, Ylenia Gigante, Silvia Di Angelantonio

“…These changes are associated with impaired synaptic development, reduced neuronal connectivity, and enhanced cellular stress responses, including the increased formation of stress granules, markers of apoptosis and autophagy, and the presence of intracellular toxic tau aggregates. …”
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From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS) by Richard J. Zeifman, Meg J. Spriggs, Hannes Kettner, Taylor Lyons, Fernando E. Rosas, Pedro A. M. Mediano, David Erritzoe, Robin L. Carhart-Harris

“…We report the first empirical evidence that the relaxation and revision of negative self-belief confidence mediates psilocybin's positive psychological outcomes, and provide tentative evidence for a neuronal mechanism, namely, increased neuronal entropy. …”
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Sugemule-7 alleviates oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cell death, promoting synaptic plasticity recovery in mice with postpartum depression by Qiang Fu, Rui Qiu, Jiaquan Liang, Shuai Wu, Dezhi Huang, Yuxiang Qin, Qiaosheng Li, Xiaojie Shi, Xiyue Xiong, Zhongyong Jiang, Yuewen Chen, Yong Cheng

“…Overall, our study confirms the efficacy of Sugemule-7 in treating PPD at different concentrations, potentially alleviating depressive behaviors by enhancing synaptic plasticity, mitigating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and protecting neurons.…”
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The <i>MCPH7</i> Gene Product STIL Is Essential for Dendritic Spine Formation by Tohru Matsuki, Hidenori Tabata, Masashi Ueda, Hideaki Ito, Koh-ichi Nagata, Yumi Tsuneura, Shima Eda, Kenji Kasai, Atsuo Nakayama

“…FRET experiments showed that Rac activation is impaired in STIL knockdown neurons. Chemical long-term potentiation, which triggers Rac activation, promoted STIL accumulation in the spine and its association with ARHGEF7. …”
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CRISPR-based epigenetic editing of Gad1 improves synaptic inhibition and cognitive behavior in a Tauopathy mouse model by Lei Wan, Ping Zhong, Pei Li, Yong Ren, Wei Wang, Mingjun Yu, Henry Y. Feng, Zhen Yan

“…GABAergic signaling in the brain plays a key role in regulating synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and cognitive processes. Large-scale sequencing has revealed the diminished expression of GABA-related genes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, it is largely unclear about the epigenetic mechanisms that dysregulate the transcription of these genes in AD. …”
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Impact of 17-alpha ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) exposure on microRNAs expression and their target genes in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells by Agnese Graziosi, Camilla Corrieri, Giulia Sita, Luca Ghelli, Sabrina Angelini, Roberta d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca, Emma Mitidieri, Raffaella Sorrentino, Patrizia Hrelia, Fabiana Morroni

“…This study provides a comparative analysis of the effects of 17-alpha ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) on neuronal cell proliferation and neurotoxicity. Using differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells, we evaluated cell viability, microRNA (miRNA) regulation, and RNA expression following exposure to subtoxic concentrations of EE2 and DEP. …”
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Hypoxia inducible factor-dependent upregulation of Agrp in glomus type I cells of the carotid body by Luis Leon-Mercado, Ivan Menendez-Montes, Jonathan Tao, Bandy Chen, David P. Olson, C. Mackaaij, C.G.J. Cleypool, Laurent Gautron

“…Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) is a well-established potent orexigenic peptide primarily expressed in hypothalamic neurons. Nevertheless, the expression and functional significance of extrahypothalamic AgRP remain poorly understood. …”
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Inhibition of TLR4 Signalling-Induced Inflammation Attenuates Secondary Injury after Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats by Yonglin Zhao, Yahui Zhao, Ming Zhang, Junjie Zhao, Xudong Ma, Tingqin Huang, Honggang Pang, Jiaxi Li, Jinning Song

“…Inhibition of TLR4 by TAK-242 attenuated apoptosis, neuronal and axonal injury, and glial responses. The neuroprotective effects of TLR4 inhibition were associated with decreases in the levels of TLR4 downstream signalling molecules and inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumour necrosis factor-α. …”
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Changes in the Fluorescence Tracking of NaV1.6 Protein Expression in a BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J Autistic Mouse Model by Musaad A. Alshammari, Mohammad R. Khan, Fawaz Alasmari, Abdulaziz O. Alshehri, Rizwan Ali, Mohamed Boudjelal, Khalid A. Alhosaini, Abdurahman A. Niazy, Tahani K. Alshammari

“…The axon initial segment (AIS), the site of action potential initiation in neurons, is a critical determinant of neuronal excitability. …”
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Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review by Maroua Jalouli, Md Ataur Rahman, Partha Biswas, Hasanur Rahman, Abdel Halim Harrath, In-Seon Lee, In-Seon Lee, Sojin Kang, Jinwon Choi, Moon Nyeo Park, Bonglee Kim, Bonglee Kim

“…Polyphenols have been extensively studied for their ability to regulate inflammatory responses by modulating the activity of pro-inflammatory genes and influencing signal transduction pathways, thereby reducing neuroinflammation and neuronal death. Additionally, polyphenols have shown promise in modulating various cellular signaling pathways associated with neuronal viability, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function. …”
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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis as a Tool to Address Aβ Impact on Extracellular Vesicles by Margarida Vaz, Tânia Soares Martins, Kevin Leandro, Luís Pereira de Almeida, Odete A. B. da Cruz e Silva, Alexandra Nunes, Ana Gabriela Henriques

“…Nonetheless, limited research has explored Aβ direct effects on neurons and extracellular vesicles metabolic profiles. …”
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Modified AlexNet Convolution Neural Network For Covid-19 Detection Using Chest X-ray Images by Shadman Q. Salih, Hawre Kh. Abdulla, Zanear Sh. Ahmed, Nigar M. Shafiq Surameery, Rasper Dh. Rashid

“…With the proposed models we obtained the same or even better result than the original AlexNet with having a smaller number of neurons in the second fully connected layer. …”
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The bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid associates with reduced stroke in humans and mice by Vera F. Monteiro-Cardoso, Xin Yi Yeo, Han-Gyu Bae, David Castano Mayan, Mariam Wehbe, Sejin Lee, Kumar Krishna-K, Seung Hyun Baek, Leon F. Palomera, Lik Hang Wu, Leroy S. Pakkiri, Sangeetha Shanmugam, Kai Ping Sem, Mun Geok Yew, Matthew P. Parsons, Michael R. Hayden, Leonard L.L. Yeo, Vijay K. Sharma, Chester Drum, Elisa A. Liehn, Sreedharan Sajikumar, Svend Davanger, Dong-Gyu Jo, Mark Y.Y. Chan, Benjamin Y.Q. Tan, Sangyong Jung, Roshni R. Singaraja

“…Elevated glutamate-induced excitotoxicity mediated by aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) overactivation contributes to neuronal death in ischemic stroke. We found reduced glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in neurons from Cyp8b1−/− and CDCA-treated Wt mice. …”
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Liangxue Tongyu Prescription exerts neuroprotection by regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis of rats with acute intracerebral hemorrhage by Yingying Sun, Dandan Zhou, Anlan Liu, Yu Zhou, Yang Zhao, Yuan Yuan, Weifeng Guo, Jianxiang Li

“…Behavioural and pathological evaluations demonstrated that LTP ameliorated neuronal and intestinal damage in AICH rats. Analysis via western blot, quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and tunel staining indicated that LTP upregulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor(NGF) and reduced neuronal cell apoptosis. …”
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Ion Channels and Zinc: Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity and Neurodegeneration by Deborah R. Morris, Cathy W. Levenson

“…This paper discusses the role of the excitotoxic influx and accumulation of zinc, the mechanisms responsible for its cytotoxicity, and a number of disorders of the central nervous system that have been linked to these neuronal ion channels and zinc toxicity including ischemic brain injury, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy.…”
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A leaky integrate-and-fire model with adaptation for the generation of a spike train by Aniello Buonocore, Luigia Caputo, Enrica Pirozzi, Maria Francesca Carfora

“…A model is proposed to describe the spike-frequency adaptation observed in many neuronal systems. We assume that adaptation is mainly due to a calcium-activated potassium current, and we consider two coupled stochastic differential equations for which an analytical approach combined with simulation techniques and numerical methods allow to obtain both qualitative and quantitative results about asymptotic mean firing rate, mean calcium concentration and the firing probability density. …”
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