Aerobic Exercise Regulates Apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway to Improve Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice by Yan Peng, Rui Chi, Gang Liu, Weijie Tian, Jun Zhang, Rihui Zhang

“…Neuronal apoptosis is an important factor in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). …”
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Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus by Khushbu Jain, Dipti Prasad, Shashi Bala Singh, Ekta Kohli

“…The study suggested that imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics is one of the noteworthy mechanisms occurring in hippocampal neurons during HH insult.…”
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Effects of Electroacupuncture at Governor Vessel Acupoints on Neurotrophin-3 in Rats with Experimental Spinal Cord Injury by Yu-ping Mo, Hai-jiang Yao, Wei Lv, Liang-yu Song, Hong-tao Song, Xiao-chen Yuan, Ying-qiu Mao, Quan-kai Jing, Su-hua Shi, Zhi-gang Li

“…The present study suggests that the role of EA in neuroprotection and dorsal neuronal function recovery after SCI in rats, especially EA stimulation at GV 14 and GV 4, can greatly promote neuronal function recovery, which may result from upregulating the expression of NT-3.…”
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Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 linked to schizophrenia through regulation of neural progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation by Ting Shen, Jing Yu, Bin Xie, Cuiping Huang, Jingjie Cui, Kefu Liu, Chunyu Liu, Chao Chen

“…Downregulating PRMT7 in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) decreased proliferation, increased neuronal differentiation, and also led to longer neurites in these neurons. …”
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Striatal Input- and Rate-Dependent Effects of Muscarinic Receptors on Pallidal Firing by Enrique Querejeta, Alberto Alatorre, Alain Ríos, Rafael Barrientos, Aldo Oviedo-Chávez, Rosa Amalia Bobadilla-Lugo, Alfonso Delgado

“…Despite evidence of cholinergic inputs to GP, their role in the spiking activity of GP neurons has not received attention. We examine the effect of local activation and blockade of muscarinic receptors (MRs) in the spontaneous firing of GP neurons both in normal and ipsilateral striatum-lesioned rats. …”
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Herpes Simplex Virus Latency: The DNA Repair-Centered Pathway by Jay C. Brown

“…The pathway is particularly attractive because it is able to account for important features of the latent response, including the specificity for neurons, the specificity for neurons of the peripheral compared to the central nervous system, the high rate of genetic recombination in HSV1-infected cells, and the genetic identity of infecting and reactivated virus.…”
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P2Y Receptors in Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity: Therapeutic Potential in Cognitive Dysfunction by Segundo J. Guzman, Zoltan Gerevich

“…ATP released from neurons and astrocytes during neuronal activity or under pathophysiological circumstances is able to influence information flow in neuronal circuits by activation of ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors and subsequent modulation of cellular excitability, synaptic strength, and plasticity. …”
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Reconciling Homeostatic and Use-Dependent Plasticity in the Context of Somatosensory Deprivation by John J. Orczyk, Preston E. Garraghty

“…The concept of homeostatic plasticity postulates that neurons maintain relatively stable rates of firing despite changing inputs. …”
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Synaptic Cell Adhesion Molecules in Alzheimer’s Disease by Iryna Leshchyns’ka, Vladimir Sytnyk

“…Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disorder associated with the loss of synapses between neurons in the brain. Synaptic cell adhesion molecules are cell surface glycoproteins which are expressed at the synaptic plasma membranes of neurons. …”
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Circadian Plasticity of Mammalian Inhibitory Interneurons by Malgorzata Jasinska, Elzbieta Pyza

“…Inhibitory interneurons participate in all neuronal circuits in the mammalian brain, including the circadian clock system, and are indispensable for their effective function. …”
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Newly Generated Cells in the Dentate Gyrus Differentially Respond to Brief Spatial Exploration and Forced Swim in Adult Female Balb/C Mice by Gerardo Bernabé Ramírez-Rodríguez, María del Ángel Ocaña-Fernández, Leonardo Ortiz-López

“…In addition to their involvement in learning and memory processes, newborn neurons of the dentate gyrus (DG) buffer against the effects of stress. …”
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Mechanism of Nerve Regeneration after Ischemic Stroke Induced by Exercise Intervention by TENG Lili, ZHANG Mei, SONG Wenjing, ZHU Luwen

“…Following the IS, in order to cope with the loss of input from neurons in the infarction area induced by ischemia and hypoxia stimulation, the body will spontaneously start the self-repair mechanism and reorganize the neuronal functional connections and neural pathways in the brain. …”
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The Secretome of Bone Marrow and Wharton Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induces Differentiation and Neurite Outgrowth in SH-SY5Y Cells by Ana O. Pires, Andreia Neves-Carvalho, Nuno Sousa, António J. Salgado

“…Moreover, immunocytochemical experiments showed that CM from both MSCs was capable of inducing neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. Finally, neurite lengths assessment and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that CM from BMSCs and HUCPVCs differently induced neurite outgrowth and mRNA levels of neuronal markers exhibited by SH-SY5Y cells. …”
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Modulatory Action by the Serotonergic System: Behavior and Neurophysiology in Drosophila melanogaster by Zana R. Majeed, Esraa Abdeljaber, Robin Soveland, Kristin Cornwell, Aubrey Bankemper, Felicitas Koch, Robin L. Cooper

“…Acute activation of 5-HT neurons disrupts normal locomotion activity in adult flies. …”
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Dopamine‐conjugated extracellular vesicles induce autophagy in Parkinson's disease by Jae Hoon Sul, Sol Shin, Hark Kyun Kim, Jihoon Han, Junsik Kim, Soyoung Son, Jungmi Lee, Seung Hyun Baek, Yoonsuk Cho, Jeongmi Lee, Jinsu Park, Donghoon Ahn, Sunyoung Park, Leon F. Palomera, Jeein Lim, Jongho Kim, Chanhee Kim, Seungsu Han, Ka Young Chung, Sangho Lee, Tae‐in Kam, Yunjong Lee, Jeongyun Kim, Jae Hyung Park, Dong‐Gyu Jo

“…This engineering enhanced neuronal uptake of the EVs in primary neurons and neuroblastoma cells, a process shown to be competitively inhibited by dopamine pretreatment and dopamine receptor antibodies. …”
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An atlas of neuropathic pain-associated molecular pathological characteristics in the mouse spinal cord by Fu-Lu Dong, Lina Yu, Pei-Da Feng, Jin-Xuan Ren, Xue-Hui Bai, Jia-Qi Lin, De-Li Cao, Yu-Tao Deng, Yan Zhang, Hui-Hui Shen, Hao Gong, Wen-Xing Sun, Dong-Qiu Chi, Yixiao Mei, Longfei Ma, Ming-Zhe Yin, Meng-Na Li, Peng-Fei Zhang, Nan Hu, Bing-Lin Zhou, Ying Liu, Xuan-Jie Zheng, Yi-Fan Chen, Da Zhong, Yuan-Xiang Tao, Min Yan, Bao-Chun Jiang

“…In addition, for the first time, we systematically exhibit “cross-talk omics” between the DRG neurons and SC dorsal horn neurons and glial cells, indicating an altered communication profile under NP conditions. …”
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Adolescent mice exposed to TBI developed PD-like pathology in middle age by Rong Sha, Mingzhe Wu, Pengfei Wang, Ziyuan Chen, Wei Lei, Shimiao Wang, Shun Gong, Guobiao Liang, Rui Zhao, Yingqun Tao

“…Additional research is required to have a deeper understanding of the molecular factors underlying the impairment of dopaminergic neurons following TBI.…”
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The Regulation of the CNS Innate Immune Response Is Vital for the Restoration of Tissue Homeostasis (Repair) after Acute Brain Injury: A Brief Review by M. R. Griffiths, P. Gasque, J. W. Neal

“…Neurons and glia respond to acute injury by participating in the CNS innate immune response. …”
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An Improved Stochastic Configuration Networks With Compact Structure and Parameter Adaptation by Sanyi Li, Hongyu Guan, Peng Liu, Weichao Yue, Qian Wang

“…There are two key improvements: First, the stopping condition for generating neurons is optimized to improve the effectiveness of new neurons. …”
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Synaptic Structure and Function in the Mouse Somatosensory Cortex during Chronic Pain: In Vivo Two-Photon Imaging by Sun Kwang Kim, Kei Eto, Junichi Nabekura

“…Recent advances in two-photon microscopy and fluorescence labeling techniques have enabled us to directly see the structural and functional changes in neurons and glia, and even at synapses, in the brain of living animals. …”
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