A Neural Correlate of Predicted and Actual Reward-Value Information in Monkey Pedunculopontine Tegmental and Dorsal Raphe Nucleus during Saccade Tasks by Ken-ichi Okada, Kae Nakamura, Yasushi Kobayashi

“…Here, we review our recent studies using extracellular recording from neurons in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, where many cholinergic neurons exist, and the dorsal raphe nucleus, where many serotonergic neurons exist, while monkeys performed eye movement tasks to obtain different reward values. …”
Get full text

Neural Functions of Matrix Metalloproteinases: Plasticity, Neurogenesis, and Disease by Hiromi Fujioka, Yusuke Dairyo, Kei-ichiro Yasunaga, Kazuo Emoto

“…To do that, the nervous system often remodels the structures of neuronal circuits. This structural plasticity of the neuronal circuits appears to be controlled not only by intrinsic factors, but also by extrinsic mechanisms including modification of the extracellular matrix. …”
Get full text

Sparse high-dimensional decomposition of non-primary auditory cortical receptive fields. by Shoutik Mukherjee, Behtash Babadi, Shihab Shamma

“…Characterizing neuronal responses to natural stimuli remains a central goal in sensory neuroscience. …”
Get full text

Anesthetic-Induced Oxidative Stress and Potential Protection by Cheng Wang, Xuan Zhang, Fang Liu, Merle G. Paule, William Slikker, Jr.

“…Prolonged exposure of developing mammals to general anesthetics affects the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)–type glutamate or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor systems and enhances neuronal toxicity. Stimulation of immature neurons by NMDA antagonists or GABA agonists is thought to increase overall nervous system excitability and may contribute to abnormal neuronal cell death during development. …”
Get full text

Alterations of Dopamine-Related Transcripts in A11 Diencephalospinal Pathways after Spinal Cord Injury by Shunyi Zhao, Jaclyn H. DeFinis, Shaoping Hou

“…Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) often interrupts descending and ascending neuronal pathways and further elicits injury-induced neuronal plasticity. …”
Get full text

Gastrodin Suppresses the Amyloid β-Induced Increase of Spontaneous Discharge in the Entorhinal Cortex of Rats by Peng-zhi Chen, Hui-hui Jiang, Bo Wen, Shuan-cheng Ren, Yang Chen, Wei-gang Ji, Bo Hu, Jun Zhang, Fenglian Xu, Zhi-ru Zhu

“…Accumulated soluble amyloid beta- (Aβ-) induced aberrant neuronal network activity may directly contribute to cognitive deficits, which are the most outstanding characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). …”
Get full text

The E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH1 mediates downregulation of plasma membrane GABAB receptors under ischemic conditions by inhibiting fast receptor recycling by Musadiq A. Bhat, Mohammad Hleihil, Irene Mondéjar, Thomas Grampp, Dietmar Benke

“…Abstract GABAB receptors mediate prolonged inhibition in the brain and are important for keeping neuronal excitation and inhibition in a healthy balance. …”
Get full text

Food hardness preference reveals multisensory contributions of fly larval gustatory organs in behaviour and physiology. by Nikita Komarov, Cornelia Fritsch, G Larisa Maier, Johannes Bues, Marjan Biočanin, Clarisse Brunet Avalos, Andrea Dodero, Jae Young Kwon, Bart Deplancke, Simon G Sprecher

“…While it was assumed that sensory neurons respond to one or few closely related stimuli, more recent findings challenge this notion and support evidence that certain sensory neurons are more broadly tuned. …”
Get full text

Down but Not Out: The Consequences of Pretangle Tau in the Locus Coeruleus by Termpanit Chalermpalanupap, David Weinshenker, Jacki M. Rorabaugh

“…In this review, we combine the literature on how pathogenic tau affects forebrain neurons with the known properties and degeneration patterns of LC neurons to synthesize hypotheses on hyperphosphorylated tau-induced dysfunction of LC neurons and the prion-like spread of pretangle tau from the LC to the forebrain. …”
Get full text

Quasi-discreted dynamics of a neural net: The lighthouse model by Hermann Haken

“…This paper studies the features of a net of pulse-coupled model neurons, taking into account the dynamics of dendrites and axons. …”
Get full text

Activity-Dependent NPAS4 Expression and the Regulation of Gene Programs Underlying Plasticity in the Central Nervous System by José Fernando Maya-Vetencourt

“…The capability of the brain to change functionally in response to sensory experience is most active during early stages of development but it decreases later in life when major alterations of neuronal network structures no longer take place in response to experience. …”
Get full text

Probing Neural Transplant Networks In Vivo with Optogenetics and Optogenetic fMRI by Andrew J. Weitz, Jin Hyung Lee

“…Understanding how stem cell-derived neurons functionally integrate into the brain upon transplantation has been a long sought-after goal of regenerative medicine. …”
Get full text

Differentially localizing isoforms of the migraine component calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), in the mouse trigeminal ganglion: βCGRP is translated but, unlike αCGRP, not so... by Sofia Lyng Wæver, Kristian Agmund Haanes

“…Conclusion Our data show that mainly αCGRP and not βCGRP locate within the axons of the mouse TG neurons. The βCGRP observed within the TG neuronal cell bodies is synthesized intracellularly and not taken up from the environment. …”
Get full text

Investigation of the role of afterhyperpolarizaÜon potential in the formation of the electrical signals in some brain cells of mouse, rat and helix aspersa by Ramazan Bal

“…In these neurons, alter hyperpolarization potential (AHP) consisted ol fast (f-AHP), medium (m-AHP) and slow (s-AHP) phases. …”
Get full text

Spiking Neural P Systems with Polarizations and Rules on Synapses by Suxia Jiang, Jihui Fan, Yijun Liu, Yanfeng Wang, Fei Xu

“…Compared with the case of SN P systems with polarizations but without spiking rules in neurons, less number of neurons are used to construct a universal PSNRS P system.…”
Get full text

Basic fibroblast growth factor helps protect facial nerve cells in a freeze-induced paralysis model. by Shinji Iwata, Hiroyuki Yamada, Masato Teraoka, Takemichi Tanaka, Takuya Kimura, Tomonori Joko, Yasuhiko Tabata, Hiroyuki Wakisaka, Naohito Hato

“…Facial movement scoring, electrophysiological testing, and histological assessment of facial neurons were performed. The freezing-induced facial paralysis model showed a facial neuronal cell death rate of 29.0%; however, bFGF administration reduced neuronal cell death to 15.8%. …”
Get full text

Dissection of the long-range circuit of the mouse intermediate retrosplenial cortex by Yuxiao Li, Miao Ren, Bimin Liu, Tao Jiang, Xueyan Jia, Haili Zhang, Hui Gong, Xiaojun Wang

“…Although different types of neurons have similar upstream circuits, GABAergic neurons show bidirectional connections with the hippocampus, whereas glutamatergic neurons only show unidirectional connections. …”
Get full text

Exercise‐Activated mPFC Tri‐Synaptic Pathway Ameliorates Depression‐Like Behaviors in Mouse by Tian Lan, Ye Li, Xiao Chen, Wenjing Wang, Changmin Wang, Haiyan Lou, Shihong Chen, Shuyan Yu

“…With this pathway, initial inputs from neurons within the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) project to excitatory neurons in the gracile nucleus (GR), which in turn connect with 5‐HTergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), eventually coursing to excitatory pyramidal neurons within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). …”
Get full text

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation training induces myonuclear accretion and hypertrophy in mice without overt signs of muscle damage and regeneration by Aurélie Fessard, Aliki Zavoriti, Natacha Boyer, Jules Guillemaud, Masoud Rahmati, Peggy Del Carmine, Christelle Gobet, Bénédicte Chazaud, Julien Gondin

Get full text

Functional segregation and dynamic integration of the corticotectal descending signal in rat by Hikaru Sugino, Sho Tanno, Tatsumi Yoshida, Yoshikazu Isomura, Riichiro Hira

“…We classified 309 neurons that responded significantly into 8 clusters according to the response dynamics. …”
Get full text