The diagnostic conundrum of late-onset developmental regression in child psychiatry: case series by Shalu Elizabeth Abraham, Sakhardande Kasturi Atmaram, Poornima Khadanga, Nirmalya Mukherjee, Rajendra Kiragasur Madegowda, Harshini Manohar

“… Background Developmental regression in children, in the absence of neurological damage or trauma, presents a significant diagnostic challenge. …”
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Genomic analysis and replication kinetics of the closely related EHV-1 neuropathogenic 21P40 and abortigenic 97P70 strains by Eslam Mohamed, Ines Zarak, Nick Vereecke, Sebastiaan Theuns, Kathlyn Laval, Hans Nauwynck

“…The genomic sequences of five isolates associated with the fatal neurological outbreak in Valencia, Spain, in 2021 were analyzed and documented. …”
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Identification of Two Novel Mutations of ABCD1 Gene in Pedigrees with X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy and Review of the Literature by Bingzi Dong, Wenshan Lv, Lili Xu, Yuhang Zhao, Xiaofang Sun, Zhongchao Wang, Bingfei Cheng, Zhengju Fu, Yangang Wang

“…However, both of the cases progressed as neurological symptoms and signs after decades. Elevated VLCFAs level, brain MRI scan, and genetic analysis confirmed final diagnosis. …”
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Stroke associated with microvascular tumoral infiltration in a patient with metastatic breast cancer by Joshua Mangerel, MD, Andres Rodriguez-Sein, MD, Daniel Masri, MD

“…We include images clearly demonstrating interval development of diffusion restriction at a site of macroscopically stable leptomeningeal disease, in the setting of new onset focal neurologic deficits clinically consistent with acute stroke.…”
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Preanesthetic Evaluation and Assessment of Children with Down's Syndrome by Letterio B. Santamaria, Carmelo Di Paola, Federica Mafrica, Vincenzo Fodale

“…One of the challenges of evaluating pre-operative conditions and potential risks in the Down patient is the lack of a gold-standard evaluation score; cervical spine abnormalities, reduced dimensions and malformations of the airways, neurological changes, respiratory and cardiac disease, as well as endocrinological and metabolic alterations. …”
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Severe Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis Secondary to Suspected Neuroangiostrongyliasis with a Good Clinical Outcome by Fabian Chiong, Andrew R. Lloyd, Jeffrey J. Post

“…The patient was treated with albendazole and prednisolone with full neurological recovery. Management of neuroangiostrongyliasis with anthelminthic is controversial as it is thought to cause worsened outcomes through inciting an inflammatory response as a result of parasite killing. …”
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Dravet Syndrome in Lebanon: First Report on Cases with SCN1A Mutations by Saada Alame, Eliane El-Houwayek, Caroline Nava, Sandra Sabbagh, Ali Fawaz, Anne-Celine Gillart, Dana Hasbini, Christel Depienne, André Mégarbané

“…Confirmation of Dravet syndrome is important for a better follow-up and treatment, preventing the occurrence of status epilepticus and severe neurological deterioration.…”
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Spirochetes in the Liver: An Unusual Presentation of a Common STI by Natasha Narang, Layth Al-Jashaami, Nayan Patel

“…We report a case of a 67-year-old male who developed progressively elevated liver enzymes, followed by development of neurological symptoms and then rash. Though the timeline of his symptom development was unusual, his constellation of symptoms prompted an RPR and FTA-ABS which returned reactive. …”
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Chromium-Cobalt Intoxication with Intense Systemic Complications following Total Hip Revision after Per-Operative Ceramic Fracture by Paul Lecoanet, Mathias Blangis, Matthieu Garcia, Yohan Legallois, Thierry Fabre

“…Systemic toxicity occurred a year after surgery and expressed brutally with mostly central neurological symptoms. Chelation associated with revision surgery allowed rapid regression of all symptoms. …”
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Physiological and pathological roles of PGAM5: An update and future trend by Weibin He, Wenlong He, Zhongchan Sun, Pengcheng He

“…Finally, we discuss PGAM5’s contribution to the pathological state of cardiovascular, hepatic, neurological, and neoplastic diseases, offering potential perspectives for future research.…”
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Alternative to General Anesthesia for a Stat Cesarean Delivery in a Patient with a Large Arteriovenous Malformation Involving the Cervicomedullary Junction in Active Labor by Christiano dos Santos e Santos, David A. Joyner, Cristiane A. Tuma Santos, Bernadette E. Grayson, Arthur Calimaran, Douglas R. Bacon

“…The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit neurologically intact and discharged home after 8 days. …”
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Collagen XVII: A Shared Antigen in Neurodermatological Interactions? by Allan Seppänen

“…In addition, collagen XVII has been found to be present in the central nervous system, thus offering an explanation for the statistical association between bullous pemphigoid, in which autoimmunity is directed against dermal collagen XVII, and neurological diseases. In support of the hypothesis that collagen XVII serves as a shared antigen mediating an immune response between skin and brain, research on animal and human tissue, as well as numerous epidemiological and case studies, is presented.…”
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Treatment Sequencing in a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patient with Central Nervous System Involvement by Filipa Mousinho, Tatiana Mendes, Paula Sousa e Santos, Maria João Acosta, José Pereira, Maria Arroz, Cândido Silva, Ana Paula Azevedo, Rita Oliveira, Martinha Chorão, Fernando Lima

“…Early-stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with neurologic involvement is a rare condition and should require a careful follow-up. …”
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Exploring the Impact of Cigarette Smoke Extracts on Vitamin B12: Insights into the Transformation of Methylcobalamin and Hydroxycobalamin to Cyanocobalamin through In Vitro Evaluat... by Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi, Mus’aab A. Al-Oun, Fatima Yacoub Abusahyoun, Manal Issam Abualarja, Asmaa Al Smadi, Bahaa Al-Trad, Sura A. Awadin, Khalid Al-Batayneh, Mai Elaarag, Raed M. Al-Zoubi

“…Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a water-soluble molecule required for the proper functioning of metabolism, blood and DNA synthesis, and neurological development. Vitamin B12 exists in several forms: methylcobalamin (MeCbl), adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), hydroxycobalamin (OHCbl), and cyanocobalamin (CNCbl). …”
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Neuroimaging: biochemical principles and its application in the cerebrovascular ischemic disease. by Zenaida Milagros Hernández Díaz, Adnolys Reyes-Berazaín, Miguel Ángel Buergo –Zuaznabar, Marianela Arteche-Prior

“…The need for early diagnosis of acute events to reestablish the cerebral blood flow to reduce neurological sequels, has led to the development of advanced imaging techniques, which allows following the histochemical and morphological changes that take place within the brain in vivo, in a non-invasive way, as well as its development, extent of the cerebral damage and damaged cerebral structures. …”
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Free Floating Thrombus in Carotid Artery in a Patient with Recurrent Strokes by Moni Roy, Ashish Kumar Roy, Jeffrey R. DeSanto, Murad Abdelsalam

“…We present a case of 72-year-old male with reported past medical history of recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) presenting with myriad of neurological symptoms. Patient was transferred from outlying hospital with complaints of right sided facial droop and dysarthria. …”
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Intraoperative Pontine Infarction: A Hidden Challenge by Nicholas Marcanthony, Ehab Farag

“…A loss of gag reflex and other cranial nerve deficits are also often accompanied with these respiratory changes. In neurological intensive care units (NICUs), these respiratory and airway changes are not uncommon and have been well documented (Lee et al. 1976). …”
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Cardiac involvement of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: new light among the shadows of an old congenital disorder by Mihail Celeski, Andrea Segreti, Annunziata Nusca, Giuseppe Di Gioia, Raffaele Rinaldi, Gian Paolo Ussia, Francesco Grigioni

“…Although its clinical manifestations are primarily marked by multiple basal cell carcinomas, other endocrine, neurological, ophthalmologic, genital, and respiratory alterations have been reported in the literature. …”
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Cardiopulmonary Failure Requiring ECMO Bypass Resulting from Leukemia Cell Lysis in a Patient with Childhood Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia by Michael Huang, Erin Owen, Scott Myers, Ashok Raj

“…Upon recovery, the patient went on to complete therapy and remains in remission without permanent neurologic or cardiac sequelae. Conclusion. Cytokine release syndrome from rapid cell lysis was the likely cause as infectious workup failed to reveal a definitive etiology and drug hypersensitivity testing to the chemotherapy agents was negative.…”
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Intrathecal Trastuzumab Treatment of the Neoplastic Meningitis due to Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Cristina Dumitrescu, Dominique Lossignol

“…After five doses of IT trastuzumab, at escalading doses, once weekly, the patient's neurological status stabilised, and that result was maintained for two months. …”
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