Sexual dimorphism and ancestral variation in the pectoral and pelvic girdles of modern humans by Daphne R. Hudson, John H. Langdon

“…The aforementioned hypotheses explaining sexual dimorphism in the clavicle and scapula as products of natural selection are predicated on the untested assumption that sex differences do not scale with body size. …”
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Pathogenicity Genes in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Affecting Brassica napus by Hengameh Taheri, Mohamad Hamed Ghodoum Parizipour

“…Also, the possible effects of mutation pressure and natural selection in shaping CUB were determined. The mean ENC range from 42.4-56.65 indicating less orientation in codon usage. …”
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Association of a non-synonymous substitution in the condensin NCAPG gene with traits of eggs in laying hens by O. Yu. Barkova, M. G. Smaragdov

“…Calculations of the relative fitness of genotypes of the marker SNP rs14491030  suggest natural selection for heterozygotes. The results obtained are discussed in connection with the role of the canonical condensin complex in the compaction of chromatin and segregation of chromosomes.…”
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Natural products targeting RAS by multiple mechanisms and its therapeutic potential in cancer: An update since 2020 by Yanqing Liu, Jie Chen, Xiang Li, Yu Fan, Cheng Peng, Xiaochun Ye, Yingshuang Wang, Xin Xie

“…Natural products, endowed with unique chemical structures and diverse biological activities through long-term natural selection, have emerged as a vital resource for discovering novel RAS-targeted therapeutic drugs. …”
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Can Thinning Foster Forest Genetic Adaptation to Drought? A Demo‐Genetic Modelling Approach With Disturbance Regimes by Victor Fririon, Hendrik Davi, Sylvie Oddou‐Muratorio, Gauthier Ligot, François Lefèvre

“…Thinning considerably reduced natural selective pressures caused by competition and drought compared to unthinned stands. …”
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Negative heterosis for meiotic recombination rate in spermatocytes of the domestic chicken Gallus gallus by L. P. Malinovskaya, K. V. Tishakova, T. I. Bikchurina, A. Yu. Slobodchikova, N. Yu. Torgunakov, A. A. Torgasheva, Y. A. Tsepilov, N. A. Volkova, P. M. Borodin

“…Because recombination breaks allele combinations already tested by natural selection and generates new ones of unpredictable fitness, a high recombination rate is generally beneficial for the populations living in a fluctuating or a rapidly changing environment and costly in a stable environment. …”
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The accumulation of harmful genes within the ROH hotspot regions of the Tibetan sheep genome does not lead to genetic load by Lixia Sun, Chao Yuan, Tingting Guo, Yaqin Bai, Zengkui Lu, Jianbin Liu

“…Abstract Background Prolonged natural selection and artificial breeding have contributed to increased uniformity within the Tibetan sheep population, resulting in a reduction in genetic diversity and the establishment of selective signatures in the genome. …”
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Codon usage patterns and genomic variation analysis of chloroplast genomes provides new insights into the evolution of Aroideae by Xinbi Jia, Jiaqi Wei, Yuewen Chen, Chenghong Zeng, Chan Deng, Pengchen Zeng, Yufei Tang, Qinghong Zhou, Yingjin Huang, Qianglong Zhu

“…The ENC-plot and PR2-plot revealed that the codon usage bias of Aroideae was influenced by multiple factors, with natural selection as the dominant factor. Thirteen to twenty optimal codons ending in A/T were identified in 61 Aroideae species. …”
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Effective Facial Expression Recognition System Using Artificial Intelligence Technique by Imad S. Yousif, Tarik A. Rashid, Ahmed S. Shamsaldin, Sabat A. Abdulhameed, Abdulhady Abas Abdullah

“…ANNS are inspired by the neural architecture of human brain capable of learning and recognizing patterns in unchartered data after trained examples, on the other hand GAs come from fundamental principles underlying natural selection perform optimization process based-on evolutionary methods which includes fitness evaluation, comparison, selection, crossover, and mutation. …”
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Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of disappearing Plasmodium vivax in southern Thailand by Parsakorn Tapaopong, Gustavo da Silva, Aurel Holzschuh, Wasinee Rungsarityotin, Chayanut Suansomjit, Kanit Pumchuea, Khajohnpong Manopwisedjaroen, Amnat Khamsiriwatchara, Podjadeach Khuntong, Liwang Cui, Cristian Koepfli, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Wang Nguitragool

“…Key analyses included nucleotide diversity (π), haplotype diversity (Hd), natural selection, recombination rates, and complexity of infection (COI). …”
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Forestry features of regionalization of forest reproductive material by Oleg Danchuk, Vasyl Blystiv, Zinovii Yurkiv, Vitaly Vovchanskyi

“…The theoretical basis for the development of methodological foundations for improving forest seed zoning in Ukraine is the natural intraspecific variability of tree species, which was formed in the process of evolution under the influence of mutations, recombinations and natural selection as a result of the adaptation of local populations to the conditions of their functioning. …”
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Chickens productivity selection affects immune system genes by А. М. Borodin, Ya. I. Alekseev, K. E. Gerasimov, N. V. Konovalova, E. V. Тerentjeva, D. N. Efimov, Zh. V. Emanuilova, L. I. Tuchemskiy, A. A. Komarov, V. I. Fisinin

“…It can be assumed that the fixation of the allele in the DMA gene (SNP Gga_rs15723) is associated with artificial or natural selection, consistent in broilers and layers. Changes in the loci Gga_rs16057130 and Gga_rs15788101 in the B5 line of the Smena 8 chickens are most likely associated with artificial selection of broiler productivity traits, which can subsequently lead to fixation of alleles at these loci. …”
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Candidate SNP markers of changes in the expression levels of the human <i>SCN9A</i> gene as a hub gene for pain generation, perception, response and anesthesia by P. A. Dotsenko, K. A. Zolotareva, R. A. Ivanov, I. V. Chadaeva, N. L. Podkolodnyy, V. A. Ivanisenko, P. S. Demenkov, S. A. Lashin, M. P. Ponomarenko

“…It was found that SCN9A as a hub gene for pain generation, perception, pain response and anesthesia is acted on by natural selection against its downregulation, to keep the nervous system highly informed on the status of the organism and the environment.…”
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Effects of mode of reproduction on genetic polymorphism and divergence in wild yams (Dioscoreaceae: Dioscorea) by Xin Wang, Qing-Hong Feng, Zhi-Hua Zeng, Zhi-Qiang Zhang, Jie Cai, Gao Chen, De-Zhu Li, Hong Wang, Wei Zhou

“…Primarily asexual species exhibited a reduced efficacy of natural selection and accumulation of deleterious mutations for both divergence and polymorphism. …”
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Natural and sexual selection and functional roles influence colouration but not the amount of variation in butterfly wing colour patterns by Bhavya Dharmaraaj, Krushnamegh Kunte

“…We hypothesized that in butterflies, sexually selected colouration is more variable owing to condition-dependent nature and directional selection on sexual ornaments, whereas naturally selected colouration may be less variable because of stabilising selection. …”
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Global Dynamics of a Prey-Predator Model with Antipredator Behavior and Two Predators by Chentong Li, Yingying Zhang, Jinhu Xu, Yicang Zhou

“…The results give a new insight into the influence of antipredator behavior in nature selection.…”
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The Management and Evaluation of Independent Project Portfolios under Uncertainty and Projects Incompatibility by Hadi Mokhtari, Zeinab Habibi

“…In this investigation, the considered projects are independent and naturally selecting multiple options, as a project portfolio, is possible. …”
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Transforming monosaccharides: Recent advances in rare sugar production and future exploration by Shin-ichi Nakakita, Jun Hirabayashi

“…At present, no comprehensive dogma has been presented regarding how and why these rare sugars have deviated from the naturally selected monosaccharides. In this minireview, we adopt a hypothesis on the origin and evolution of elementary hexoses, previously presented by one of the authors (Hirabayashi, Q Rev Biol, 1996, 71:365–380). …”
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Gliadin encapsulated PCOs nanoformulation: An effective therapeutic option for metastatic breast cancer by Sant Lal, Monika Kataria, Neeraj Dilbaghi

“…The study underscores the potential of PCOs–NF as a natural, selective, and efficient therapeutic option for metastatic breast cancer therapy. …”
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