Dynamics of Positive Frequency Dependent Selection Triggers Selection for Silence by I. Hashem, V. De Buck, J. Van Impe

“…Positive frequency dependent selection is a natural selection regime where the fitness of a phenotype increases with its frequency in the population. …”
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Rossomyrmex, the Slave-Maker Ants from the Arid Steppe Environments by F. Ruano, O. Sanllorente, A. Lenoir, A. Tinaut

“…Similarity at CHC profiles appears to be a trait imposed by natural selection for the interaction between hosts and slave-makers.…”
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Environmental harshness does not affect the propensity for social learning in great tits, Parus major by Emil Isaksson, Julie Morand-Ferron, Alexis Chaine

“…Abstract According to the harsh environment hypothesis, natural selection should favour cognitive mechanisms to overcome environmental challenges. …”
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The role of transposable elements in the ecological morphogenesis under the influence of stress by R. N. Mustafin, E. K. Khusnutdinova

“…In natural selection, insertional mutagenesis is an important source of genome variability. …”
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Functional divergence caused by ancient positive selection of a Drosophila hybrid incompatibility locus. by Daniel A Barbash, Philip Awadalla, Aaron M Tarone

“…Our findings suggest that multiple substitutions driven by natural selection may be a general phenomenon required to generate hybrid incompatibility alleles.…”
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Evolutionary Explanations of the “Actuarial Senescence in the Wild” and of the “State of Senility” by Giacinto Libertini

“…However, the limits in such capacities are hardly explained in evolutionarily terms by current gerontological theories that rule out fitness decline as something genetically determined and regulated, and therefore somehow favored by natural selection.Four theories are tested as possible explanations of the “increasing mortality with increasing chronological age in populations in the wild” (“IMICAW”[1]), alias “actuarial senescence in the wild”[2], and of the observed negative correlation between extrinsic mortality and the ratio between deaths due to intrinsic mortality and deaths due to extrinsic mortality. …”
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South African indigenous chickens' genetic diversity, and the adoption of ecological niche modelling and landscape genomics as strategic conservation techniques by Reneilwe Rose Mogano, Takalani Judas Mpofu, Bohani Mtileni, Khanyisile Hadebe

“…This review explores the impact of natural selection on indigenous chicken, genetic diversity, population size, and the advancement of technologies in understanding local adaptation drivers. …”
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An integrated environmental management approach to industrial site selection by genetic algorithm and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process in geographical information system by M. Ahmadipari, H. Hoveidi, H.R. Jafari, M. Pazoki

“…In this study, the genetic algorithm was used as an optimization method applied for natural selection. It was also attempted to find better solutions among others. …”
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Directed Evolution of Microbial Communities in Fermented Foods: Strategies, Mechanisms, and Challenges by Zihan Yao, Ting Xie, Hongjie Deng, Shuzhi Xiao, Tao Yang

“…Directed Evolution of Microbial Communities (DEMC) offers a promising approach to enhance the functional attributes of microbial consortia in fermented foods by mimicking natural selection processes. This review details the application of DEMC in fermented foods, focusing on optimizing community traits to improve both fermentation efficiency and the sensory quality of the final products. …”
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Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships Based on Mitogenomes of Spider: Insights Into Evolution and Adaptation to Extreme Environments by Rongxiang Zhang, Niyan Xiang, Xiaoman Gao, Guiyu Zhang, Tian Lu, Tao Yuan

“…Codon usage frequencies were similar between families and codon usage in the mitogenome of spiders was mainly influenced by natural selection pressures rather than G/C mutation bias. …”
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Fetal Programming of Body Composition, Obesity, and Metabolic Function: The Role of Intrauterine Stress and Stress Biology by Sonja Entringer, Claudia Buss, James M. Swanson, Dan M. Cooper, Deborah A. Wing, Feizal Waffarn, Pathik D. Wadhwa

“…We frame our arguments in the larger context of an evolutionary-developmental perspective that supports roles for both nutrition and stress as key environmental conditions driving natural selection and developmental plasticity. We suggest that intrauterine stress exposure may interact with the nutritional milieu, and that stress biology may represent an underlying mechanism mediating the effects of diverse intrauterine perturbations, including but not limited to maternal nutritional insults (undernutrition and overnutrition), on brain and peripheral targets of programming of body composition, energy balance homeostasis, and metabolic function. …”
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Using Genome-Wide SNP Discovery and Genotyping to Reveal the Main Source of Population Differentiation in Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst. in Chile by Rodrigo Hasbún, Jorge González, Carolina Iturra, Glenda Fuentes, Diego Alarcón, Eduardo Ruiz

“…In some species, a relationship between environmental characteristics and the distribution of genotypes can be detected, showing the importance of natural selection as the main source of differentiation. …”
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Control of meiotic crossing over in plant breeding by S. R. Strelnikova, R. A. Komakhin

“…The parameters of meiotic crossing over that have developed in the course of evolution are determined by natural selection and do not fully suit the tasks of selective breeding research. …”
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The landscape of nucleotide diversity in Drosophila melanogaster is shaped by mutation rate variation by Barroso, Gustavo V, Dutheil, Julien Y

“…Attempts to answer this question have sparked debate about the roles of neutral stochastic processes and natural selection in molecular evolution. However, the mechanisms of evolution do not act in isolation, and integrative models that simultaneously consider the influence of multiple factors on diversity are lacking; without them, confounding factors lurk in the estimates. …”
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Problematic issues of using the toolkit of economic cybernetics by V. Persianov, A. Kurbatova

“…At the same time, “individual survival” is not the main universal task: in natural selection, the survival of the species is often achieved by the death of a significant part of specimens.The article pays considerable attention to the cybernetic approach to the study of socio-economic processes. …”
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Ecology through the eyes of a non-ecologist by Janusz Uchmański

“…Ecology also takes into account those individuals who have lost in the process of natural selection. The mathematical methods used in classical ecology were developed for the use of physics. …”
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The Role of Aquaculture in Shaping the Morphology of <i>Babylonia areolata</i>: A Comparative Study of Cultured and Wild Populations by Haishan Wang, Zhi Chen, Yuhe Tong, Le Ye, Youming Li

“…In contrast, wild populations showed higher variability in traits like shell thickness and shell aperture width, driven by resource heterogeneity and natural selection pressures in their environment. Conclusion: The findings suggest that aquaculture environments significantly influence the development of morphological traits, potentially affecting mollusk adaptability and survival in natural habitats. …”
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PHENETIC ANALYSIS OF POPULUS NIGRA, P. LAURIFOLIA AND P. × JRTYSCHENSIS IN NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION ZONE by A. V. Klimov, B. V. Proshkin

“…In P. nigra, an increase in the diversity of qualitative characteristics and phenotypes was observed in populations confined to hybridization centers. Natural selection is most likely the factor governing the inter-population differentiation in P. × jrtyschensis, leading to the predominance of F1 hybrids in populations and hence to a sharp decrease in inter-population variability.…”
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Cortical areas associated to higher cognition drove primate brain evolution by Marina Melchionna, Silvia Castiglione, Giorgia Girardi, Antonio Profico, Alessandro Mondanaro, Gabriele Sansalone, Narimane Chatar, Alejandro Pérez Ramos, Marcos Fernández-Monescillo, Carmela Serio, Luca Pandolfi, Jacob Dembitzer, Mirko Di Febbraro, Marta Michelle Caliendo, Alessia Di Costanzo, Linda Morvillo, Antonella Esposito, Pasquale Raia

“…Abstract Although intense research effort is seeking to address which brain areas fire and connect to each other to produce complex behaviors in a few living primates, little is known about their evolution, and which brain areas or facets of cognition were favored by natural selection. By developing statistical tools to study the evolution of the brain cortex at the fine scale, we found that rapid cortical expansion in the prefrontal region took place early on during the evolution of primates. …”
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Individual differences in developmental trajectory leave a male polyphenic signature in bulb mite populations by Deere, Jacques A., Smallegange, Isabel M.

“…If, like in mammals and birds where early-life stress effects are extensively studied, we account for such pre-adult viability selection in coldblooded species, it would allow us to (i) better characterise natural selection on trait development like male polyphenisms, (ii) understand how it can affect the response to other selections in adulthood, and (iii) understand how such trait dynamics influence, and are influenced by, population dynamics. …”
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