Machine learning for predicting severe dengue in Puerto Rico by Zachary J. Madewell, Dania M. Rodriguez, Maile B. Thayer, Vanessa Rivera-Amill, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Laura E. Adams, Joshua M. Wong

“…Nine ML models, including Decision Trees, K-Nearest Neighbors, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Artificial Neural Networks, AdaBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, and XGBoost, were trained using fivefold cross-validation and evaluated with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC), sensitivity, and specificity. …”
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Identification of biomarkers for knee osteoarthritis through clinical data and machine learning models by Wei Chen, Haotian Zheng, Binglin Ye, Tiefeng Guo, Yude Xu, Zhibin Fu, Xing Ji, Xiping Chai, Shenghua Li, Qiang Deng

“…Based on these rankings, predictive models were constructed using Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (xGBoost), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree (DT) algorithms. …”
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Detecting respiratory impairment in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis by MRC dyspnoea scale and microfibrillar-associated protein 4 by Bjørk K. Sofiudottir, Sören Möller, Robin Christensen, Stefan Harders, Grith L. Sørensen, Jesper Blegvad, Mette Herly, Dzenan Masic, Grazina Urbonaviciene, Frank Andersen, Christin Isaksen, Brian Bridal Løgstrup, Charlotte Hyldgaard, Torkell Ellingsen

“…The DOR was 3.01 (95% CI 1.27; 7.16) for MFAP4 detecting respiratory impairment when adjusted for age, sex and smoking status.Conclusion The MRC dyspnoea score and unadjusted MFAP4 levels were poor predictors of respiratory impairment in patients with early treatment-naïve rheumatoid arthritis.…”
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Development of machine learning models for predicting non-remission in early RA highlights the robust predictive importance of the RAID score-evidence from the ARCTIC study by Gaoyang Li, Shrikant S. Kolan, Franco Grimolizzi, Joseph Sexton, Giulia Malachin, Guro Goll, Tore K. Kvien, Tore K. Kvien, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter, Manuela Zucknick, Siri Lillegraven, Espen A. Haavardsholm, Espen A. Haavardsholm, Bjørn Steen Skålhegg

“…This study aims to predict 6-month non-remission in 222 disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD)-naïve RA patients initiating methotrexate monotherapy, using baseline patient characteristics from the ARCTIC trial.MethodsMachine learning models were developed utilizing twenty-one baseline demographic, clinical and laboratory features to predict non-remission according to ACR/EULAR Boolean, SDAI and CDAI criteria. …”
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First Clinical Experience of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Tertiary Cancer Center: Identifying Pearls and Pitfalls by Akram Al-Ibraheem, Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir, Ula Al-Rasheed, Dhuha Al-Adhami, Feras Istatieh, Farah Anwar, Marwah Abdulrahman, Rula Amarin, Issa Mohamad, Asem Mansour

“…A comparative sub-analysis of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI PET metrics in 20 treatment-naïve patients revealed a significant correlation between ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI uptake metrics and tumor grade (Spearman’s rho 0.83; <i>p</i> = 0.00001). …”
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Optimising (re-)irradiation for locally recurrent head and neck cancer: impact of dose-escalation, salvage surgery, PEG tube and biomarkers on oncological outcomes—a single centre... by Julia Katharina Schleifenbaum, Janis Morgenthaler, Shachi Jenny Sharma, Jens Peter Klußmann, Philipp Linde, Simone Wegen, Johannes Rosenbrock, Christian Baues, Emmanouil Fokas, Richard Khor, Sweet Ping Ng, Simone Marnitz, Maike Trommer

“…Results 62% of patients were radiotherapy-naïve (initial RT group) while 38% were re-irradiated at site of LR (re-RT group). …”
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Potential pathogenic and protective genotypes and phenotypes of vitamin D binding protein in multiple sclerosis by Suhail Al-Shammri, Suhail Al-Shammri, Arpita Chattopadhyay, Abu Salim Mustafa

“…This study investigated frequencies of GC genotypes and phenotypes in Kuwaiti multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls, and their associations with serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)vitamin D] and VDBP.MethodsThe genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of drug-naïve MS patients (N = 151) and controls (N = 127). …”
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Exploring Mortality and Prognostic Factors of Heart Failure with In-Hospital and Emergency Patients by Electronic Medical Records: A Machine Learning Approach by Yu CS, Wu JL, Shih CM, Chiu KL, Chen YD, Chang TH

“…Random forest, support vector machine (SVM), Adaboost, and logistic regression had better overall performances with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) of > 0.87. Naïve Bayes was the best in terms of both specificity and precision. …”
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Repetitive antigen stimulation in the periphery dictates the composition and recall responses of brain-resident memory CD8+ T cells by Madison R. Mix, Stephanie van de Wall, Mohammad Heidarian, Elizabeth A. Escue, Cori E. Fain, Lecia L. Pewe, Lisa S. Hancox, Sahaana A. Arumugam, Cassie M. Sievers, Vladimir P. Badovinac, John T. Harty

“…Here, utilizing two murine models of peripheral viral infection, we demonstrate that circulating memory CD8+ T cells with previous antigen exposure exhibit a markedly reduced capacity to form brain TRM compared to naive CD8+ T cells. Repetitively stimulated brain TRM also demonstrate differential inhibitory receptor expression, preserved functionality, and divergent localization patterns compared to primary memory counterparts. …”
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Validation Indicator Identification and Customer Ranking in Microloans: A Study at Middle East Bank in Iran by Azadeh Ahmadi Kousha, Faegh Ahmadi, Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar, Hamidreza Kordlouie

“…In the descriptive statistics section, various personality factors including age, gender, education, occupation, current debt status within the banking system, bounced checks history, money laundering records, bank account balance, transaction history, geographic location (residence and workplace), mobile phone model and operating system, as well as credit rating obtained from Iran's credit rating consulting company, were analyzed and presented using tables and graphs. Naive Bayes, Meta, Attribute Selected Classifier, and j48 algorithms were implemented and WEKA software was used to classify criteria and create patterns. …”
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Humoral and cellular immune durability of different COVID-19 vaccine platforms following homologous/heterologous boosters: one-year post vaccination by Maaweya Awadalla, Halah Z. AlRawi, Rahaf A. Henawi, Fawziya Barnawi, Haitham Alkadi, Ahmed Alyami, Ammar Alsughayir, Alyazeed S. Alsaif, Ayman Mubarak, Wael Alturaiki, Bandar Alosaimi

“…Indeed, the difference between infected and naïve groups was less pronounced suggesting a reduced infection-related response.DiscussionAcross three layers of evidence, this study showed that heterologous vaccination provides longer-lasting immunity than homologous doses, regardless of prior natural infection.…”
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Comparison between 18F-DCFPyL PET/MRI-guided ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy and systematic biopsy for tumor detection and grading in selected patients: A prospective randomized... by Shaoxi Niu, Yachao Liu, Liyan Ao, Xiaohui Ding, Xiao Chang, Jinhang Li, Jiajin Liu, Kan Liu, Nanxing Zou, Baixuan Xu, Yong Xu, Baojun Wang, Xu Zhang

“…Methods: Eighty-seven selected biopsy-naive patients were randomized into two groups: TB (n=41) and systematic biopsy (control; n=46). …”
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Distinct regulation of Tau Monomer and aggregate uptake and intracellular accumulation in human neurons by Amir T. Marvian, Tabea Strauss, Qilin Tang, Benjamin J. Tuck, Sophie Keeling, Daniel Rüdiger, Negar Mirzazadeh Dizaji, Hossein Mohammad-Beigi, Brigitte Nuscher, Pijush Chakraborty, Duncan S. Sutherland, William A. McEwan, Thomas Köglsperger, Stefan Zahler, Markus Zweckstetter, Stefan F. Lichtenthaler, Wolfgang Wurst, Sigrid Schwarz, Günter Höglinger

“…A critical step in propagating pathologic Tau in the brain is the transport from the extracellular environment and accumulation inside naïve neurons. Current research indicates that human neurons internalize both the physiological extracellular Tau (eTau) monomers and the pathological eTau aggregates. …”
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Identification of multiple complications as independent risk factors associated with 1-, 3-, and 5-year mortality in hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis patients by Duo Shen, Ling Sha, Ling Yang, Xuefeng Gu

“…Eight machine learning techniques were employed to construct predictive models, including C5.0, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), k-nearest neighbour (KNN), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), support vector machine (SVM), generalised linear model (GLM) and naive Bayes (NB), utilising variables such as medical history, demographics, clinical signs, and laboratory test results. …”
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Contribution of integrase inhibitor use, body mass index, physical activity and caloric intake to weight gain in people living with HIV by Giovanni Guaraldi, Jovana Milic, Elena Bacchi, Federica Carli, Marianna Menozzi, Iacopo Franconi, Alessandro Raimondi, Giacomo Ciusa, Valentina Masi, Michela Belli, Stefano Guaraldi, Emanuele Aprile, Maria Mancini, Cristina Mussini, Jordan E. Lake, Kristine M. Erlandson

“…Methods: In an observational cohort study from 2007 to 2019 at Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic, Italy, ART-experienced but INSTI-naive PLWH were grouped as INSTI-switchers vs non-INSTI. …”
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Early changes of peripheral circulating immune subsets induced by PD-1 inhibitors in patients with advanced malignant melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer by Simona Borilova, Peter Grell, Iveta Selingerova, Lenka Gescheidtova, Marie Mlnarikova, Ondrej Bilek, Radek Lakomy, Alexandr Poprach, Jan Podhorec, Igor Kiss, Rostislav Vyzula, Barbora Vavrusakova, Jiri Nevrlka, Lenka Zdrazilova-Dubska

“…In detail, CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were assessed according to their subtypes, such as central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory T cells (TEM), and naïve T cells (TN). Furthermore, we also evaluated the predictive value of CD28 and ICOS/CD278 co-expression on T cells. …”
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Dengue virus IgG and neutralizing antibody titers measured with standard and mature viruses are protective by Camila D. Odio, Jedas Veronica Daag, Maria Vinna Crisostomo, Charlie J. Voirin, Ana Coello Escoto, Cameron Adams, Lindsay Dahora Hein, Rosemary A. Aogo, Patrick I. Mpingabo, Guillermo Raimundi Rodriguez, Saba Firdous, Maria Abad Fernandez, Laura J. White, Kristal An Agrupis, Jacqueline Deen, Aravinda M. de Silva, Michelle Ylade, Leah C. Katzelnick

“…ELISA IgG≥3 was associated with reduced dengue probability relative to naïve children (3% vs. 10%, p = 0.007). Serotype-specific antibodies binding EDIII or NS1 had no association with dengue risk. …”
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CD8+T cells and monocytes were associated with brain alterations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals with cognitive impairment by Xin Zhang, Zhen Li, Jiahao Ji, Yundong Ma, Guangqiang Sun, Xue Chen, Ling Zhang, Tong Zhang, Yulin Zhang, Yang Zhang

“…Additionally, the frequencies of naïve CD8+T cells (Tn) and CD31lowCD8+ Tn were significantly correlated with gray matter volume in the left supramarginal gyrus. …”
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Longitudinal exploration of cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with newly diagnosed aggressive lymphoma: protocol for a feasibility study by Vincent Dore, Christopher C Rowe, Meinir Krishnasamy, Haryana Dhillon, Adam K Walker, Karla Gough, Priscilla Gates, Carlene Wilson, Eliza Hawkes, Yuliya Perchyonok, Janette L Vardy, Michiel de Ruiter

“…This paper describes the protocol for a study: (1) to assess the feasibility of collecting longitudinal data on cognition via self-report, neuropsychological testing, peripheral markers of inflammation and neuroimaging and (2) to explore and describe patterns of cancer-related cognitive impairment over the course of treatment and recovery in patients with newly diagnosed, aggressive lymphoma undergoing standard therapy with curative intent.Methods and analysis This is a prospective, longitudinal, feasibility study in which 30 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive patients with aggressive lymphoma will be recruited over a 12-month period. …”
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Mesangial Cells Exhibit Features of Antigen-Presenting Cells and Activate CD4+ T Cell Responses by Hongyu Yu, Shaoyuan Cui, Yan Mei, Qinggang Li, Lingling Wu, Shuwei Duan, Guangyan Cai, Hanyu Zhu, Bo Fu, Li Zhang, Zhe Feng, Xiangmei Chen

“…This finding suggests that activated mesangial cells can take up and present antigenic peptides to initiate CD4+ T cell responses and thus act as nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells. Polarization of naïve CD4+ T cells (Th0 cells) towards the Th1 phenotype was induced by coculture with activated mesangial cells, and the resulting Th1 cells showed increased mRNA and protein expression of inflammation-associated genes. …”
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