Cost of Intravenous Analgesia for the Management of Acute Pain in the Emergency Department is Substantial in the United States by Pamela P. Palmer, Judith A. Walker, Asad E. Patanwala, Carin A. Hagberg, John A. House

“…The mean cost per encounter of IV administration of an initial dose of the three most frequently prescribed opioids were: morphine $145, hydromorphone $146, and fentanyl $147. …”
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Use of a Non-Pharmacological Pain Relief Kit to Reduce Opioid Use Following Orthopedic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study by Denis J O'Hara, Timothy F Tyler, Malachy P McHugh, Susan Y Kwiecien, Tyler Bergeron

“… # Results There was no significant difference in total opioid use between the treatment (108±252 milligram morphine equivalents) and control groups (132±158 MME; p=0.696). …”
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Effects of local infiltration of analgesia and tranexamic acid in total knee replacements: safety and efficacy in reducing blood loss and comparability to intra-articular tranexami... by Harish Sivasubramanian, Cheryl Marise Peilin Tan, Lushun Wang

“…They also received pericapsular infiltration consisting of 0.5 mL of adrenaline, 0.4 mL of morphine, 1 g of vancomycin, 1 mL of ketorolac and 15 mL of ropivacaine. …”
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Analgesic effect of intranasal ketamine in the treatment of chronic cancer pain by Secundino González Pardo, Lourdes González-Longoria Boada, Francisco López Muñoz

“…Two treatments were administered: intranasal ketamine and placebo, which were used in combination with morphine. Participants received periodic visual analog pain scale assessments for three consecutive days.…”
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Cardiogenic Shock due to Kounis Syndrome following Cobra Bite by W. D. D. Priyankara, E. M. Manoj, A. Gunapala, A. G. R. M. A. Ranaweera, K. S. Vithanage, M. Sivasubramanium, E. Snajeeva

“…Identification of the cause of myocardial infarction in snake envenomation is useful in the management as some of the drugs like adrenaline, morphine, and beta blockers may worsen the clinical syndrome if it is due to Kounis syndrome.…”
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Advances in the biosynthesis of naturally occurring benzylisoquinoline alkaloids by Wanli Zhao, Jihua Liu, Yu Chen

“…Examples include analgesics such as morphine, tetrahydropalmatine, antimicrobials such as berberine, and antineoplastic agents including cepharanthine. …”
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Biphalin, a Dimeric Enkephalin, Alleviates LPS-Induced Activation in Rat Primary Microglial Cultures in Opioid Receptor-Dependent and Receptor-Independent Manners by Katarzyna Popiolek-Barczyk, Anna Piotrowska, Wioletta Makuch, Joanna Mika

“…Biphalin may be a putative drug for future pain therapy, especially for the treatment of neuropathic pain, when the lower analgesic effects of morphine are correlated with profound microglial cell activation.…”
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Protocol for a scoping review study on the prevalence and public health consequences of non-medical use (NMU) of tramadol in Africa. by Saidou Sabi Boun, Olumuyiwa Omonaiye, Sanni Yaya, Sanni Yaya

“…It is a synthetic opioid that is an excellent alternative to morphine and its derivatives in African countries. …”
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Analgesic Impact of a Popliteal Plexus Block to Standard Adductor Canal Block in Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Randomized Blind Clinical Trial by Atef Mahmoud, Maged Boules, Joseph Botros, Mohamed Mostafa, Safaa Ragab, Mohammed Alsaeid

“…The time of the first analgesic request (TFR) was later for the combined ACB and PPB (median 8 h) compared to the ACB only group (median 0.5 h). Morphine consumption was lower for patients who received combined ACB and PPB (median 12 mg) compared to ACB only (median 30 mg). …”
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Drug-Induced Myoclonus: A Systematic Review by Jamir Pitton Rissardo, Ana Letícia Fornari Caprara, Nidhi Bhal, Rishikulya Repudi, Lea Zlatin, Ian M. Walker

“…The subclasses of medications with level A evidence were intravenous anesthetics (etomidate), cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefepime), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (citalopram, escitalopram, paroxetine, sertraline), tricyclic antidepressant (amitriptyline), glutamate antagonist (amantadine), atypical antipsychotics (clozapine, quetiapine), antiseizure medications (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, gabapentin, pregabalin, valproate), pure opioid agonist (fentanyl, morphine), bismuth salts, and mood stabilizers (lithium). …”
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Psychiatric Symptoms in Acute Intermittent Porphyria - Case Report and Course of Treatment Using Placebo by Waldemar Kosiba, Dominika Prystacka-Szar, Jakub Siemko, Wojciech Kupczak

“…In the treatment, glucose infusions, morphine, psychiatric and psychological therapy were used - saline solution was administered as a placebo. …”
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Sublingual Sufentanil vs. Intravenous Fentanyl for the Treatment of Acute Postoperative Pain in the Ambulatory Surgery Center: A Randomized Clinical Trial by Aaron Berg, Jason Habeck, Michael Strigenz, Jonah Pearson, Alexander Kaizer, Jacob Hutchins

“…There was no significant difference in the amount of morphine equivalents (MME) of rescue opioids needed (IV fentanyl median rescue MME of 22.5, IQR 13.1–23.4; SST median rescue MME of 15.0, IQR 7.5–30.0; p=0.742). …”
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Xenon Anesthesia Improves Respiratory Gas Exchanges in Morbidly Obese Patients by Antonio Abramo, Claudio Di Salvo, Francesca Foltran, Francesco Forfori, Marco Anselmino, Francesco Giunta

“…In xenon group PaO2-FiO2 ratio was significantly higher after 60 min and 120 min from induction of anesthesia; heart rate and overall remifentanil consumption were lower; the eyes opening time and the extubation time were shorter; morphine consumption at 72 hours was lower; postoperative nausea was more common. …”
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Efficacy of an Intrathecal Multidrug Infusion for Pain Control in Older Adults and in End-Stage Malignancies: A Report of Three Cases by Sadegh Abdolmohammadi, Pierre-Olivier Hétu, Andrée Néron, Gilbert Blaise

“…It was connected to an external infusion pump with a mixture of bupivacaine 1 mg/mL, naloxone 0.02 ng/mL, ketamine 100 μg/mL, morphine 0.01 mg/mL and clonidine 0.75 μg/mL. The starting rate was 1 mL/h. …”
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Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Teucrium persicum Boiss. Extract in Mice by Abdolhossein Miri, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Kaveh Tabrizian, Ali Akbar Nasiri

“…On 8th day, the time spent and the number of lickings were recorded in formalin test. Morphine and Diclofenac were used intraperitoneally as positive controls. …”
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Technical aspects of neuraxial analgesia during labor and maternity care: an updated overview by Antonio Coviello, Carmine Iacovazzo, Maria Grazia Frigo, Marilena Ianniello, Dario Cirillo, Giuseppe Tierno, Andrea Uriel de Siena, Pasquale Buonanno, Giuseppe Servillo

“…The following pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches were assessed: spinal techniques, such as epidural analgesia (EA), combined spinal-epidural (CSE), dural puncture epidural (DPE), and continuous spinal anesthesia (CSA); pharmacological administration of nitrous oxide (N2O) and systemic opioids (morphine, fentanyl, and pethidine); as the third one transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), acupressure/acupuncture, aromatherapy, and breathing exercises. …”
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Comparison of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Parasternal Block for Postoperative Pain Management after Cardiac Surgery by Nilgun Kavrut Ozturk, Elif Dogan Baki, Ali Sait Kavakli, Ayca Sultan Sahin, Raif Umut Ayoglu, Arzu Karaveli, Mustafa Emmiler, Kerem Inanoglu, Bilge Karsli

“…Pain scores recorded 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, and 8 h postoperatively were lower in the parasternal block group than in the TENS and control groups. Total morphine consumption was also lower in the parasternal block group than in the TENS and control groups. …”
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Dexamethasone Coanalgesic Administration in Steroid Naïve and Steroid Non-Naïve Patients for the Prevention of Pain Flares after Palliative Radiotherapy for Bone Metastases by Dimitar G. Tonev, Silvia A. Lalova, Elena P. Petkova-Lungova, Nikolay V. Timenov, Gabriela M. Radeva, Todor G. Kundurzhiev

“…All patients received parenteral dexamethasone (4 mg or 8 mg daily, 1 hour before RT, followed by the same dose for the next 4 days) along with their background and breakthrough pain opioid intake (morphine equivalents) during their 5-day in-hospital stay. …”
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Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block for Total Hip Arthroplasty Comparing 24-Hour Opioid Requirements: A Randomized Controlled Study by Dahlia Townsend, Nasir Siddique, Atsumi Kimura, Yaacov Chein, Eli Kamara, John Pope, Mitchell Weiser, Singh Nair, Iyabo Muse

“…The median opioid requirement in the first 8 hours after surgery was higher in the control group (28 mg of oral morphine equivalents (OME) versus 5 mg of OME in the ESPB group) (p=0.013). …”
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Illicit drug use derived from wastewater-based epidemiology in Iran, their removal during wastewater treatment, and occurrence in receiving waters by Anvar Asadi, Shabnam Zarei, Nebile Daglioglu, Evsen Yavuz Guzel, Neda Ravankhah

“…Among the analytes measured, morphine and codeine exhibited the most prevalent occurrence and highest concentration levels in all the samples. …”
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