Channel modeling and testing of wireless transmission for underground in-pipe leak and material loss detection by S Mekid, D Wu, R Hussain, K Youcef-Toumi

“…The purpose of this work is to characterize the radio transmission between underground buried pipes and base station using multi-layer media including both theoretical and experimental approaches by utilizing various modulation schemes. The objective is to identify the range of operating communication frequencies having lower energy loss, lower resulting bit error rate, and the power needed to transfer packets designed to carry data through the media. …”
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Beam Shaping by Mode Superposition With Coefficient Optimization by Guowen Zhang, Hang Sun, Ziyang Chen, Yanli Zhang, Jixiong Pu, Jianqiang Zhu

“…In this study, we validate the feasibility of the beam patterns modulation by optimizing the coefficients of the superimposed modes using an optimization algorithm. …”
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Localization of Presynaptic Plasticity Mechanisms Enables Functional Independence of Synaptic and Ectopic Transmission in the Cerebellum by Katharine L. Dobson, Tomas C. Bellamy

“…The results suggest that the signalling mechanisms for presynaptic LTP and retrograde depression by endocannabinoids are restricted to the active zone at parallel fibre synapses, allowing independent modulation of synaptic transmission to Purkinje neurons and ectopic transmission to Bergmann glia.…”
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Design and Characteristic Analysis of Multicarrier Chaotic Phase Coded Radar Pulse Train Signal by Qiongdan Huang, Yong Li, Yaoping Zeng, Yinjuan Fu

“…In addition, we analyze the influences of subcarrier number, phase-modulated bit number, and period number on the pulse train’s autocorrelation performance. …”
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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF AVALANCHE PHOTODIODE AND PIN DIODE DETECTORS IN OPTICAL RECEIVERS by ELECHI PROMISE, ORIKE SUNNY, MINAH-EEBA WINNER, EZINNE IKPO CHIKERENMA

“…The design parameters which were taken into consideration were a constricted transmitter, Zender modulator, attenuator, lowpass Bessel filter, Non-Return-to-Zero modulation format, CW laser, avalanche photodiode (APD) and PIN diode detectors and the type of network coding, Bit Error Rate Analyzer (BER) etc. …”
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Ultrasmall Dual-Band Metamaterial Antennas Based on Asymmetrical Hybrid Resonators by Ji-Xu Zhu, Peng Bai, Jia-Fu Wang

“…The resonant model consists of a right hand (RH) patch part and a composite right and left handed (CRLH) part (RH + CRLH), which determines a compact size and also a convenient frequency modulation characteristic for the proposed antennas. …”
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Complex regulation of Cav2.2 N-type Ca2+ channels by Ca2+ and G-proteins. by Jessica R Thomas, Jinglang Sun, Juan De la Rosa Vazquez, Amy Lee

“…Studies of these forms of regulation generally employ Ba2+ as the permeant ion, despite that Ca2+ -dependent pathways may impinge upon G-protein modulation. To address this possibility, we compared tonic G-protein inhibition of currents carried by Ba2+ (IBa) and Ca2+ (ICa) in HEK293T cells transfected with Cav2.2. …”
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A Power-Efficient Soft-Output Detector for Spatial-Multiplexing MIMO Communications by Hsiao-Chi Wang, Tung-Lin Liu, Yuan-Wei Wu, Hsi-Pin Ma

“…VLSI implementation of a configurable power-efficient MIMO detector is proposed to support 4×4 spatial multiplexing and modulation from QPSK to 64-QAM. A novel tree search algorithm is proposed to enable the detector to provide soft outputs and to be implemented in parallel and pipelined hardware architecture. …”
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Roles of Brain Angiotensin II in Cognitive Function and Dementia by Masaki Mogi, Jun Iwanami, Masatsugu Horiuchi

“…Here, we also review the effect of the AT2 receptor on cognitive function. RAS modulation may be a new therapeutic option for dementia including AD in the future.…”
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BER Performance of Stratified ACO-OFDM for Optical Wireless Communications over Multipath Channel by Zelalem Hailu Gebeyehu, Philip Kibet Langat, Ciira Wa Maina

“…In intensity modulation/direct detection- (IM/DD-) based optical OFDM systems, the requirement of the input signal to be real and positive unipolar imposes a reduction of system performances. …”
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Motor Control and Neural Plasticity through Interhemispheric Interactions by Naoyuki Takeuchi, Yutaka Oouchida, Shin-Ichi Izumi

“…Recently, these brain stimulation techniques were applied in the clinical rehabilitation of patients with stroke by ameliorating the deteriorated modulation of interhemispheric interactions. Here, we review the interhemispheric interactions and mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these interactions and propose rehabilitative approaches for appropriate cortical reorganization.…”
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Autophagy in Immune-Related Renal Disease by Xin Ye, Xu-jie Zhou, Hong Zhang

“…The understanding of the pathogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in these renal diseases may lead to the identification of new diagnostic targets and refined therapeutic modulation.…”
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Improved Training Sequence Channel Estimation Scheme in 16QAM MB-OFDM UWBoF System by Changqing Xiang, Xi Yang, Xuan Zhou, Xiaojun Zhu, Jincan Xu, Qiong He

“…In this paper, an improved channel estimation scheme based on time-domain orthogonal gray complementary training sequence (Golay TS) is proposed to resist subcarrier mutual beat interference in 16-quadrature amplitude modulation multiband orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing ultrawide band over fiber (16QAM MB-OFDM UWBoF) systems. …”
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A New Cooperative MIMO Scheme Based on SM for Energy-Efficiency Improvement in Wireless Sensor Network by Yuyang Peng, Jaeho Choi

“…In this paper, a new CMIMO scheme based on the spatial modulation (SM) technique named CMIMO-SM is proposed for energy-efficiency improvement. …”
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A Computational Model of Hybrid Trunk-like Robots for Synergy Formation in Anticipation of Physical Interaction by Pietro Morasso

“…The PMP model is force-based, not motion-based, and it is characterized by two main computational modules: the Jacobian matrix of the hybrid kinematic chain and a compliance matrix that maps generalized force fields into coordinated gestures of the whole-body model. …”
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A novel multifunctional chiral metasurface with asymmetric transmission by Muhammad Noman, Hattan Abutarboush, Farooq A. Tahir, Adnan Zahid, Muhammad Imran, Qammer H. Abbasi

“…The multiband, multifunctional chiral metasurface with asymmetric transmission exhibits significant potential for diverse applications in modern communication systems, ranging from enhanced signal modulation and polarization control to advanced beam steering and compact antenna design. …”
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Multiantenna Analog Network Coding for Multihop Wireless Networks by Ramesh Annavajjala, Amine Maaref, Jinyun Zhang

“…The proposed protocol extends upon the so-called analog network coding schemes in the literature in that it inherently exploits the multiple antennas at the relay station to reduce the noise enhancement typical of an AF protocol, and can also compensate for link imbalances between the relay and the sources and is agnostic to sources' modulation and coding schemes. We derive the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio expressions for the received signal by the sources in the downlink and provide extensive link-level simulations for the MMSE-BAF protocol subject to both frequency flat and selective fading. …”
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Minimal state models for ionic channels involved in glucagon secretion by Virginia González-Vélez, Amparo Gil, Iván Quesada

“…Then, we simulate dynamic ionic currents following experimental protocols.Our aims are 1) To understand the individual ionic channel functioning and modulation that could affect glucagon secretion, and 2) To simulate ionic currents actually measured in voltage-clamp alpha-cell experiments in mice.Our estimations indicate that alpha cells are highly permeable to sodium and potassium which mainly manage action potentials. …”
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ESC PWM Fullbridge Motor DC Berbasis Arduino by budi pramono jati, Jenny Putri Hapsari

“…To overcome this, the motor voltage is regulated using Pulse Wide Modulation (PWM). PWM works by changing the duty cycle of the voltage in the form of pulses so that the average voltage can be changed. …”
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Role of Myokines in Myositis Pathogenesis and Their Potential to be New Therapeutic Targets in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies by Vlad Mageriu, Emilia Manole, Alexandra E. Bastian, Florica Staniceanu

“…Some muscle cytokines, through their antagonistic action, may be a helpful contributor to the disease modulation, and thus, they could represent personalized treatment targets. …”
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