Political considerations and fiscal regulation in a spatial duopoly: Effects on product differentiation by Hamid Hamoudi, Ana Belen Miquel Burgos, Ourania Dimakou

“…We identify three regulatory profiles: (i) pro-consumer regulation with high tax rates leading to minimal product differentiation and lower prices; (ii) pro-business regulation with no taxation resulting in maximum product differentiation and higher prices, and (iii) moderate regulation, balancing the interests of firms and consumers, in which taxes can be moderate but the firms are not induced to follow the regulator’s designated levels of differentiation. …”
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Greenbug resistance in barley landraces from Uzbekistan by E. E. Radchenko, K. D. Dyatlova, D. E. Akimova, I. A. Zveinek

“…In six accessions, plants with high (points 3 to 4) and moderate (5 to 8) resistance were identified; 6 accessions were differentiated into 3 phenotypic classes: resistant, moderately resistant, and susceptible; and in 40 accessions the manifestation of the resistance component varied within 5 to 7 points (from 31 to 60% of the leaf surface being damaged). …”
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Investigating Light and Water Optimization for Early Seedling Establishment in Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth by Kelechi Godwin Ibeh, Adejoke Olukemi Akinyele

“…The results showed that moderate light intensity of 50% coupled with adequate moisture supply by daily watering (L2W1) led to optimal seedling growth. …”
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Cost–consequence analysis of COPD treatment according to NICE and GOLD recommendations compared with current clinical practice in the UK by Jennifer K Quint, Helene Vioix, Toby Capstick, Sue Langham, Jennifer Cook, Antony Wright, Shamika de Silva

“…Objectives The objective of this study was to model the clinical and economic impact of adapting current clinical practice in the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to treatment according to national and international guideline recommendations.Design Treatment mapping was undertaken to hypothetically redistribute patients from current clinical practice, representing actual prescribing patterns in the UK, to an alternative recommendation-based treatment scenario, representing prescribing in accordance with either National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance [NG115] or Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2020 strategy.Setting Primary care practices in the UK (1-year time horizon).Participants Adults with COPD undergoing long-acting inhaler maintenance therapy in the UK (N=1 067,531).Interventions Inhaler maintenance therapy.Outcome measures Costs and clinical outcomes (type of treatment, rates of moderate and/or severe exacerbations, and mild-to-moderate and/or severe pneumonia events) were modelled for the two alternative pathways.Results Compared with current clinical practice, treating patients according to NICE guidance resulted in an estimated annual reduction in expenditure of £46.9 million, and an estimated annual reduction in expenditure of over £43.7 million when patients were treated according to GOLD 2020 strategy. …”
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Associations between physical activities and self-harm behaviour in depression across the genotype: findings from the UK biobank by Jaegyun Jung, Sangyeon Lee, Jeong Ho Lee, Doheon Lee

“…In retrospective cohort analysis, the moderate and highly active groups were at lower risk of self-harm behaviour. …”
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Natural History Analysis of 101 Severe Dysplasia and Esophageal Carcinoma Cases by Endoscopy by Jin-Wu Wang, Chen-Tao Guan, Li-Li Wang, Ling-Yun Chang, Chang-Qing Hao, Bian-Yun Li, Ning Lu, Wen-Qiang Wei

“…For severe dysplasia cases diagnosed by the follow-up endoscopy, mean progression times are 55.0, 49.8, and 38.0 months and median progression times are 43, 56, and 31 months for esophagitis, mild dysplasia, and moderate dysplasia, respectively. For superficial carcinoma cases diagnosed by the second endoscopy, mean progression times are 76.0, 57.4, and 47.0 months and median progression times are 77, 63, and 35 months for mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, and severe dysplasia, respectively. …”
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Comparison of Survival Rates of Stainless-Steel Crowns Placed with and without Pulpotomy: A Two-Year Retrospective Study by Fatmah N. AlMotawah, Sharat Chandra Pani, Tala AlKharashi, Saleh AlKhalaf, Mohammed AlKhathlan, Fahad AlSultan, Ahmad AlMughirah

“…The records of 131 patients aged between two to six years who had stainless-steel crowns placed under general anesthesia and had two-year follow-up were screened. 340 teeth with moderate proximal caries on the radiograph (D2) were included in the study. …”
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How much to cut? Finding an optimal thinning intensity of encroaching woody species for the herbaceous community in an East African savanna by Teshome Abate, Teshome Abate, Tesfaye Abebe, Anna Treydte, Anna Treydte, Anna Treydte

“…Total herbaceous and grass species richness, diversity and biomass were significantly improved under high (100%) and moderate (67%) tree removal intensity. We conclude that tree thinning at moderate intensity (67%) was most effective in enhancing mortality of encroached trees, and improving grass diversity, and herbaceous biomass. …”
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Genetic diversity assessed in Ethiopian highland bamboo [Oldeania alpina (K. Schum) Stapleton] populations revealed by microsatellite markers by Muhamed Adem, Oumer Abdie, Tileye Feyissa, Dereje Beyene

“…Results The study revealed the presence of moderate genetic diversity (Ho = 0.262; I = 0.639) within populations and very low genetic differentiation among populations (Fst = 0.019). …”
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Improved completion rates and characterization of drug reactions with an intensive Chagas disease treatment program in rural Bolivia. by Jeffrey A Tornheim, Daniel F Lozano Beltran, Robert H Gilman, Mario Castellon, Marco A Solano Mercado, Walter Sullca, Faustino Torrico, Caryn Bern

“…While twice-weekly evaluations identified ADEs earlier, they did not reduce incidence of moderate or severe ADEs. Many dermatologic ADEs were moderately severe upon presentation (35.6%), were not reduced by use of antihistamines, occurred among adult patients of all ages, and occurred throughout treatment, rather than the first few weeks alone.…”
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Evaluation of Risk Factors of Peri-Implant Disease Using a New Manual Risk Assessment Model: A Clinical study by Mahima Jain, Mohd Shafiq Bin Shaffa’ee, Ashita Uppoor, Swati Pralhad, Sangeeta U. Nayak, Sharon Saldanha

“…Of the 21 implants assessed, 15 implants were found to be at low risk and 6 implants with moderate risk of peri-implant disease. The number of implants with low risk was higher in implants with peri-implant mucositis (25%) whereas the implants with moderate risk was higher in implants with peri-implantitis (75%). …”
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Detection of postpartum women anemia and its impact on their offspring in Zhejiang Province, China by Mengjie He, Lichun Huang, Yan Zou, Peiwei Xu, Danting Su, Dong Zhao, Dan Han, Ronghua Zhang

“…Moreover, maternal anemia significantly increases the rate of anemia in offsprings, with ORs being 1.456 (0.994 ~ 2.133) for mild anemia, and 2.961 (1.242 ~ 7.058) for moderate or severe anemia, respectively.ConclusionThe status of anemia in postpartum women was severe and its impact on the anemia of their offspring should be noted. …”
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Determinants of Demoralization Syndrome and Social Support Among Patients with Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study by Yang L, Song LX, Zhang L, Yang Y, Zhang YM

“…Additionally, all patients with BC reported receiving social support exceeding moderate levels, with no statistically significant difference in demographic data observed among those reporting heightened levels of social support (P > 0.05).Conclusion: There are many factors influencing the degree of demoralization among patients with BC. …”
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Factors Leading To Severe Anaemia In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease by Erum Afaq, Humera Afaq, Naila Parveen, Hira Fatima Waseem, Anwar Ali, Shazia Nazar

“…(p-value=0.000) GFR was 12.00±6.94 ml/min/1.73m2 in patients having severe anaemia, 17.20±9.82 ml/min/1.73m2.in in individuals having moderate anaemia and 18.79±10.22 ml/min/1.73m2 in CKD patients having mild anaemia. …”
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Latent profile analysis of burnout, depression, and anxiety symptoms among Chinese medical staff with frontline anti-epidemic experience in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era by Huachun Xu, Lanjun Qiu, Yu Chen, Mengjun Zhang, Junyi Li, Guochun Xiang

“…In the low-level and moderate-level profiles, symptom variables considered had a consistent trend. …”
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The Coincidence of Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with IgM Antibody Positivity to Enteroviruses and Respiratory Tract Viruses by Murat Karaoglan, Fahriye Eksi

“…The onset times of T1DM were classified into fall-winter and spring-summer seasons and separated into cold, moderate, or warm months in terms of temperature. Results. …”
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Assessing the short-term hematological and pulmonary effects of air pollution: a cross-sectional study in a Turkish urban setting by Mehmet Kılınçer, Ersan Gürsoy

“…Conclusion Short-term exposure to moderate air pollution significantly impacts hematological parameters and specific pulmonary function indices, even in healthy individuals. …”
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Analysis of Adverse Events during Intrahospital Transportation of Critically Ill Patients by Francielli Mary Pereira Gimenez, Wesley Henrique Bueno de Camargo, Ana Clara Beraldo Gomes, Thaylla Sumyre Nihei, Monique Walicheki Maria Andrade, Maria Laura de A. F. Sé Valverde, Larissa D’ Epiro de Souza Campos, Debora Carvalho Grion, Josiane Festti, Cintia Magalhães Carvalho Grion

“…The degree of damage associated with adverse events was classified as moderate and associated with an increase in the length of hospital stay.…”
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Measurement of breast artery calcification using an artificial intelligence detection model and its association with major adverse cardiovascular events. by Suzanne J Rose, Josette Hartnett, Zachary J Estep, Daniyal Ameen, Shweta Karki, Edward Schuster, Rebecca B Newman, David H Hsi

“…One unit increase in BAC score resulted in a 6% increased odds of having a moderate to high ASCVD risk >7.5% (p = 0.01) and 2% increased odds of having MACE (p = 0.005). …”
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Short-Term Efficacy of Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease: Practice in China by Youyou Luo, Jindan Yu, Hong Zhao, Jingan Lou, Feibo Chen, Kerong Peng, Jie Chen

“…In children with mild to moderate CD, EEN is more effective than corticosteroids in improving disease severity and growth deficiency, as well as providing less side effects.…”
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