Renal Complication and Glycemic Control in Korean Veterans with Type 2 Diabetes: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study by Ye An Kim, Young Lee, Je Hyun Seo

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Bidirectional effects of neutrophils on Streptococcus oralis biofilms in vitro by Basmah M. Almaarik, Rizwan Ali, Paul R. Cooper, Michael R. Milward, Josefine Hirschfeld

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Endothelial protease-activated receptor 4: impotent or important? by Rahul Rajala, Rahul Rajala, Rahul Rajala, Courtney T. Griffin, Courtney T. Griffin

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American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score: a study protocol for the translation and validation of the Dutch language version by Cornelis H Van der Vlies, Esther M M van Lieshout, Michael H J Verhofstad, Duncan E Meuffels, A Siebe de Boer, Wim E Tuinebreijer, P Ted Den Hoed

“…Descriptive statistics (including floor and ceiling effects), internal consistency, construct validity, reproducibility (ie, test–retest reliability, agreement and smallest detectable change) and responsiveness will be assessed for the AOFAS DLV.Ethics and dissemination This study has been exempted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) Erasmus MC (Rotterdam, the Netherlands). …”
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Early empiric anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis therapy for sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol of a randomised clinical trial by Mark Conaway, David R Boulware, Scott K Heysell, Stellah G Mpagama, Christopher C Moore, Alphonce Liyoyo, Conrad Muzoora, Catherine Gitige, Bibie Said, Edwin Nuwagira, Rinah Arinaitwe, Rhina Mushagara, Peter Buzaare, Anna Chongolo, Samuel Jjunju, Precious Twesigye, Megan Null, Tania A Thomas

“…Institutional review board approval was conferred by the University of Virginia, the Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research, and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology. …”
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How to Utilize CAT and mMRC Scores to Assess Symptom Status of Patients with COPD in Clinical Practice? by Esra ERTAN YAZAR, Elif Yelda NIKSARLIOGLU, Burcu YIGITBAS, Mesut BAYRAKTAROGLU

“…Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the compatibility of modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in terms of evaluation of their symptom status. …”
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Why do preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions demonstrate limited success in preventing overweight and obesity in children? A scoping review protocol. by Kaat Philippe, Carla Perrotta, Aisling O'Donnell, Fionnuala M McAuliffe, Catherine M Phillips

“…A descriptive analysis will be performed to evaluate intervention complexity using a complex intervention framework (AHRQ series; Medical Research Council guidance). The results of this study, which will be discussed with an expert group as part of a consultation stage, aim to identify gaps and inform the design or adaptation of future preconception and pregnancy interventions and approaches to potentially increase success rates. …”
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Effect of electrical stimulation with a cochlear implant on tinnitus impact: protocol of an individual patient data meta-analysis by Inge Stegeman, Adriana L Smit, Kelly Assouly

“…Second, linear regression analyses will be used to model the effect of electrical stimulation on tinnitus impact based on relevant predictors.Ethics and dissemination The Medical Research Involving Human Subject Act does not apply, and ethical approval is not required. …”
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A comprehensive review on the plant sources, pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetic characteristics of Syringaresinol by Lei Zhang, Yuqing Tian, Lingling Zhang, Huanyu Zhang, Jinghua Yang, Yi Wang, Na Lu, Wei Guo, Liang Wang

“…Syringaresinol, a phytochemical constituent belonging to lignan, is formed from two sinapyl alcohol units linked via a β-β linkage, which can be found in a wide variety of cereals and medicinal plants. Medical researches revealed that Syringaresinol possesses a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotection, and vasodilation effects. …”
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Fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: protocol of the Dutch multicentre, longitudinal, observational FAntasTIGUE study by Mirjam A G Sprangers, Martijn A Spruit, Emiel F M Wouters, Daisy J A Janssen, Jean W M Muris, Judith B Prins, Yvonne M J Goërtz, Milou Looijmans, Melissa S Y Thong, Jeannette B Peters, Chris Burtin, Yvonne Meertens-Kerris, Arnold Coors, Jan H Vercoulen

“…Finally, at 18 and 24 months the participants will be followed up on their fatigue, number of exacerbations, exacerbation-related hospitalisation and survival.Ethics and dissemination This protocol was approved by the Medical research Ethics Committees United, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands (NL60484.100.17).Trial registration number NTR6933; Pre-results.…”
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Protocol for process evaluation of SMART Mental Health cluster randomised control trial: an intervention for management of common mental disorders in India by Anushka Patel, David Peiris, Pallab K Maulik, Graham Thornicroft, Shekhar Saxena, Sudha Kallakuri, Amanpreet Kaur, Siddhardha Devarapalli, Mercian Daniel, Beverley M Essue, Shashi Kant, D Praveen, Usha Raman, Rajesh Sagar, Ankita Mukherjee

“…The design and analysis will be guided by Medical Research Council framework for process evaluations, the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, and the normalisation process theory.Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the ethics committee of the George Institute for Global Health, India and the Institutional Ethics Committee, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. …”
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The effects of psychosocial and economic factors on the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease and their caregivers in Klang Valley, Malaysia: protocol for a mixe... by Norhayati Ibrahim, Sin Yee Chu, Ching Sin Siau, Noh Amit, Rozmi Ismail, Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor

“…Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests and multiple regression analysis will be used for analyses in phase I, and thematic analysis will be used in phase II.Ethics and dissemination Approval for the study has been obtained from the National Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC) (NMRR-21-1012-59714) and the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz UKM (UKM PPI/111/8/JEP-2021–078) and University of Malaya Medical Centre (MREC ID NO: 2 02 178–10346). …”
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Compliance with research participant protection guidelines by Nigerian medical journals by Adaora A. Onyiaorah, Euzebus C. Ezugwu

“…Abstract Background Stakeholders in medical research have roles in ensuring that research participants are protected. …”
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On the time spent preparing grant proposals: an observational study of Australian researchers by Nicholas Graves, Adrian G Barnett, Philip Clarke, Danielle L Herbert

“…Objective To estimate the time spent by the researchers for preparing grant proposals, and to examine whether spending more time increase the chances of success.Design Observational study.Setting The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia.Participants Researchers who submitted one or more NHMRC Project Grant proposals in March 2012.Main outcome measures Total researcher time spent preparing proposals; funding success as predicted by the time spent.Results The NHMRC received 3727 proposals of which 3570 were reviewed and 731 (21%) were funded. …”
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Stable improvement in hand muscle strength in incomplete spinal cord injury patients by long-term paired associative stimulation—a case series study by Kirsi Holopainen, Aleksandra Tolmacheva, Ines Bersch, Piia Haakana, Piia Haakana, Markus Pohjonen, Erika Kirveskari, Erika Kirveskari, Jari Arokoski, Anastasia Shulga, Anastasia Shulga

“…Patients underwent Medical Research Council (MRC) manual muscle testing monthly during the stimulation period and were followed for 12 months after the stimulation.ResultsStrength increased in both the stimulated and non-stimulated hands. …”
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The Use of Fluorescence In situ Hybridisation in the Diagnosis of Hidden Mosaicism in Egyptian Patients with Turner Syndrome by Heba Mohamed Ossama, Soha Kholeif, Ghada Mohamed Elhady

“…Settings and Design: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed in Human Genetics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University. Materials and Methods: Fluorescence in situ hybridisation technique was applied to lymphocyte cultures as well as buccal smears using centromeric probes for X and Y chromosomes. …”
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Analysis of the Effectiveness of Arytenoidectomy and Posterior Cordectomy with the Use of CFD Airflow Measurements in Patients with BVFP: A Retrospective Study by Marta Gamrot-Wrzoł, Magdalena Marków, Daniel Janecki, Bogusława Orecka, Krzysztof Warmuziński, Maciej Misiołek

“…We observed that the greater the increase in glottal surface area, the greater the decrease in self-assessment scales (visual analogue scale (VAS) and Medical Research Council (MRC)). Increased levels of spirometry parameters after the surgery correlated with smaller decrease of PEF-dependent pressure gradient at the glottal level (PEFΔPCFD). …”
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Alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonists for the prevention of delirium and cognitive decline after open heart surgery (ALPHA2PREVENT): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled... by Eva Skovlund, Rune Haaverstad, Henrik Zetterberg, Jorunn L Helbostad, Rolf Busund, Johan Raeder, Theis Tønnessen, Torgeir Bruun Wyller, Melanie R Simpson, Nils Kristian Skjærvold, Bjørn Erik Neerland, Svein Aslak Landsverk, Ieva Martinaityte, Hilde Margrethe Norum, Geir Selbaek, Elisabeth Skaar, Arjen JC Slooter, Øyvind Sverre Svendsen, Alexander Wahba

“…Secondary end points include the composite end point of coma, delirium or death, in addition to delirium severity and motor activity patterns, levels of circulating biomarkers of neuronal injury, cognitive function and frailty status 1 and 6 months after surgery.Ethics and dissemination This trial is approved by the Regional Committee for Ethics in Medical Research in Norway (South-East Norway) and by the Norwegian Medicines Agency. …”
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Construction and application of a stratified nursing intervention program for postoperative delirium after Stanford type A aortic dissection: a quasi-experimental trial by Xueping Li, Miaomiao Zheng, Ailin Lin, Chaohong Chen, Yuanbo Wu, Huai Zhang, Zhiqin Yin

“…Trial registration The National Health Security Information Platform’s Medical Research Registration Information System has registered this study under the registration number MR-33–22-022978.…”
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Erratum to “Angiotensin II, Aldosterone, and Anti-Inflammatory Lymphocytes: Interplay and Therapeutic Opportunities” by Daniel Arthur B. Kasal, Ernesto L. Schiffrin

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