An Overview of Experiments and Numerical Simulations on Airflow and Aerosols Deposition in Human Airways and the Role of Bioaerosol Motion in COVID-19 Transmission by Justus Kavita Mutuku, Wen-Che Hou, Wei-Hsin Chen

“…A brief introduction of the application of one-dimensional and two-dimensional mathematical models to investigate airflow and particle motion in the lungs are further discussed. …”
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Design and analysis of intelligent service chain system for network security resource pool by Zenan WANG, Jiahao LI, Chaohong TAN, Dechang PI

“…The traditional network security architecture ensures network security by directing traffic through hardware based network security function devices.Since the architecture consists of fixed hardware devices, it leads to a single form of network security area deployment and poor scalability.Besides, the architecture cannot be flexibly adjusted when facing network security events, making it difficult to meet the security needs of future networks.The intelligent service chain system for network security resource pool was based on software-defined network and network function virtualization technologies, which can effectively solve the above problems.Network security functions of virtual form were added based on network function virtualization technology, combined with the existing hardware network elements to build a network security resource pool.In addition, the switching equipment connected to the network security elements can be flexibly controlled based on software-defined network technology.Then a dynamically adjustable network security service chain was built.Network security events were detected based on security log detection and a expert library consisting of security rules.This enabled dynamic and intelligent regulation of the service chain by means of centralized control in the face of network security events.The deployment process of the service chain was mathematically modeled and a heuristic algorithm was designed to realize the optimal deployment of the service chain.By building a prototype system and conducting experiments, the results show that the designed system can detect security events in seconds and automatically adjust the security service chain in minutes when facing security events, and the designed heuristic algorithm can reduce the occupation of virtual resources by 65%.The proposed system is expected to be applied to the network security area at the exit of the campus and data center network, simplifying the operation and maintenance of this area and improving the deployment flexibility of this area.…”
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Experimental dataset of a model-scale ship in calm water and wavesUniversity of Southampton Institutional Repository by Saeed Hosseinzadeh, Stephen Turnock, Haesol Lee, Rodolfo Olvera

“…This comprehensive series of experiments offers a benchmark for future research endeavours, providing a foundation for refining subsequent experiments, validating numerical methods, and enhancing mathematical models.…”
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Assessing Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality: In an Educational Facility of a Semi-Arid Climate Zone by Kemalettin Parmaksiz, Mehmet Irfan Yesilnacar, Abdullah Izzeddin Karabulut

“…Based on the findings obtained from the study, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied) values and whether they are suitable thermal comfort for the people in these places tried to be determined by mathematical modeling and standards such as ASHRAE Standard 55-2023. …”
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Numerical and experimental study of the behavior of a protective structure under impact by D. A. Tarasov

“…The developed method is based on mathematical modelling of the conditional optimization problem. …”
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Presentating a multi-objective optimization model for resource-constrained project scheduling regarding financial costs, time delays and the reliability function by Saeideh Naderi, Mohsen Vaez-Ghasemi, Farzad Movahedi Sobhani

“…Hence, in order to mathematically model RCPSP, the first non-linear complex integer math programming was transformed into a linear programming model using the features of exponential functions. …”
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Occult metastases and survival of lung cancer by clinical diagnosis and CT screening: A simulation study. by Xing Chen, Ghulam Muhammad Kanhar, Songli Hu, Chaomin Wu, Guanqun Chao, Mengqi Jing, Fengjiang Zhang, Millennia Young, Marek Kimmel, Liying Chen, Olga Y Gorlova

“…<h4>Methods</h4>We used previously designed and validated mathematical models to obtain the characteristics of LC in the population including undetectable metastases at the time of diagnosis. …”
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The Study on Blockchain Adoption Strategies for Pharmaceutical Regulatory Products Under Dual-Channel Competition by Jianan Chen, You Xiao, Nianxing Yuan, Yong Wang, Jiamin Zhang, Lihui Wang

“…The methodology involves developing mathematical models for each scenario using parameters such as pricing, demand, and profit, followed by deriving equilibrium decisions for each model. …”
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Novel, low-cost bioreactor for in vitro electrical stimulation of cardiac cells by Joseph P. Licata, Jonathan A. Gerstenhaber, Peter I. Lelkes

“…Finite element analysis and mathematical modeling were used to model the fluid dynamics and to characterize in detail the delivery of pulsatile electrical signals, providing precise control over stimulation parameters such as voltage, current, and charge.ResultsThe bioreactor developed here provides an easy-to-use, inexpensive platform for culturing hiPSC-CMs under the influence of ES and low-shear fluid flow for enhanced nutrient availability, while its “drop-in” design facilitates real-time observation of cultured cells. …”
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Defense strategy of industrial control worm based on SEIPQR model by Jie PAN, Lan YE, He ZHAO, Xinlei ZHANG

“…Computer viruses keep evolving with the development of society and progress of technologies, and they become more complex and hidden.The worm virus is the earliest computer virus, which has evolved to an industrial control worm virus and caused a great impact on the safety of the industrial system.Neither the single network isolation nor the patching immunity is unable to keep up with the spreading of the worm virus.The propagation mode and characteristics of the worm virus in the industrial control system were analyzed.Based on the related works of network isolation and patching, a defense strategy against the worm virus was proposed.This strategy was originated from the fundamental infectious disease model, and then a mathematics model (SEIPQR) was proposed to simulate the trend of worm virus propagation.The model included six situations: Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Quarantine and Recovered.The state transition diagrams of the model was created, and the calculus equations were obtained from the state transition diagrams.Under the condition that the number of system equipment is fixed, the equations were transformed.The equations were solved by solving the basic regeneration number R0, and six equation expressions of the model ware analyzed when the number of exposed hosts and infected hosts is zero.According to the principle of the Routh-Hurwitz, the system is asymptotically stable when R₀＜1, and unstable if R₀＞1.Then the dynamic characteristics of the SEIPQR model under different patching probability, different isolation rate and different infection rate were compared by numerical simulation.Furthermore, the disease-free equilibrium point and endemic equilibrium point of the model were obtained.The simulation results showed that, when the whole system is infected with worm virus, timely patching the susceptible devices and isolating the network can effectively inhibit the spread of industrial control worm virus.…”
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Anatomical, functional, and blood-born predictors of severity of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome severity in French Bulldogs by Claudia Schmid, Claudia Schmid, Claudia Schmid, Aline R. Steiner, Léonie Spielhofer, Léonie Spielhofer, Meltem Galfetti, Meltem Galfetti, Nikki Rentsch, Nikolay Bogdanov, Johannes Vogel, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Sonja Hartnack, Georgy Astakhov, Reinhard Furrer, Anna Bogdanova, Anna Bogdanova, Iris Margaret Reichler

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Research of Regenerative Braking Strategy for Electric Vehicles by Van Nghia Le, Hoang Phuc Dam, Trong Hoan Nguyen, S. V. Kharitonchik, V. A. Kusyak

“…The relative error of the mathematical modeling results of the braking energy regeneration processes is 4.5 %, which indicates the adequacy of the electric vehicle simulation model and the possibility of its using as a base for research and comparison of the energy efficiency of various regenerative braking strategies. …”
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Optimizing Photovoltaic Panel Performance: A Comparative Study of Meta-Heuristic Algorithms by M. Sundar Rajan

“…Various optimization techniques exist, including intelligent methods that incorporate functions, constraints, contributions, mathematical models, and analysis methods. Both contemporary and traditional generation techniques are analyzed, with hybrid algorithms gaining popularity due to their reduced computational time. …”
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Risk and protective factors for ASF in domestic pigs and wild boar in the EU, and mitigation measures for managing the disease in wild boar by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Anette Ella Boklund, Karl Ståhl, Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca, Tomasz Podgórski, Timothée Vergne, José Cortiñas Abrahantes, Eleonora Cattaneo, Sofie Dhollander, Alexandra Papanikolaou, Stefania Tampach, Lina Mur

“…Abstract Five epidemiological aspects of ASF were evaluated using literature reviews, field studies, questionnaires and mathematical models. First, a literature review and a case–control study in commercial pig farms emphasised the importance of biosecurity and farming practices, including the spread of manure around farms and the use of bedding material as risk factors, while the use of insect nets was a protective factor. …”
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Application of electric boilers for water apartment heat supply by A. L. Toropov

“…Calculations were carried out by methods of mathematical modelling.Results. The total power consumption capacity of an apartment household, including electric heat supply, does not exceed 15 kWh. …”
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Pneumocentrifugal Classification of Dispersed Particles during Grain Milling by Olga N. Terekhova, Yana S. Duyunova

“…Pneumatically classified flour was subjected to mathematical modeling and experimental research. The analysis of movement and deposition of particles in the working area covered particle mass, density, air-flow rate, and geometry, as well as their effect on the trajectory of particle movement and deposition. …”
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Environmentally friendly construction technologies selection criteria in the Arctic by A. A. Kuzmenkov, A. V. Kaychenov

“…The purpose of the study is to substantiate a set of criteria for “green” for the northern and Arctic regions of the Russian Federation on the basis of logically interrelated models: a design model, a full-scale model, mathematical models and a digital twin model. The main criteria include energy efficiency and environmental safety of buildings.Materials and methods. …”
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Understanding the risks for post-disaster infectious disease outbreaks: a systematic review protocol by Ilan Kelman, Gina E C Charnley, Katy Gaythorpe, Kris Murray

“…The authors intend to use the results to inform future mathematical modelling studies.…”
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Analysis of a Two-Phase MHD Free Convection Generalized Water–Ethylene Glycol (50 : 50) Dusty Brinkman-Type Nanofluid Pass through Microchannel by Dolat Khan, Musawa Yahya Almusawa, Waleed Hamali, M. Ali Akbar

“…Partial differential equations (PDE) are used to present the mathematical modeling. The resultant PDEs are generalized by utilizing the Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivative. …”
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Automatic Sleep Stage Classification Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Fine-Grained Segments by Zhihong Cui, Xiangwei Zheng, Xuexiao Shao, Lizhen Cui

“…However, traditional automatic sleep stage classification is quite challenging because of the complexity associated with the establishment of mathematical models and the extraction of handcrafted features. …”
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