Effect of the Boron Powder on Surface AISI W2 Steel: Experiments and Modelling by Marco Antonio Doñu Ruiz, David Sánchez Huitron, Ernesto David Garcia Bustos, Víctor Jorge Cortés Suárez, Noé López Perrusquia

“…The presence of boride was confirmed by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and the distribution of alloy elements in boride layers with energy-dispersive spectrometry using scanning electron microscopy. A mathematical model of the growth kinetics of the single layer was proposed and boron diffusion coefficient was determined by mass balance equation. …”
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A dynamical model of drinking and smoking with optimal control analysis. by Fredrick Asenso Wireko, Sebastian Ndogum, Botchew Abdul Nasiru, David Ansah-Asamoah, Isaac Kwasi Adu, Joshua Kiddy K Asamoah

“…To study this, we present a mathematical model that investigates the co-dynamics of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking, as well as some control strategies. …”
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Enhanced Production of Xylitol from Corncob by Pachysolen tannophilus Using Response Surface Methodology by S. Ramesh, R. Muthuvelayudham, R. Rajesh Kannan, T. Viruthagiri

“…The optimal levels of these variables were quantified by the central composite design using RSM, for establishment of a significant mathematical model with a coefficient determination of . …”
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Research on Adaptive Friction Compensation of Digital Hydraulic Cylinder Based on LuGre Friction Model by Shouling Jiang, Kun Zhang, Hui Wang, Donghu Zhong, Jinpeng Su, Zengkai Liu

“…This paper aims to eliminate nonlinear friction from the performance of the digital hydraulic cylinder to enable it to have good adaptive ability. First, a mathematical model of a digital hydraulic cylinder based on the LuGre friction model was established, and then a dual-observer structure was designed to estimate the unobservable state variables in the friction model. …”
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Coordinated optimization and management of oxygen content and cathode pressure for PEMFC based on hybrid nonlinear robust control by Fang Shiyi, Feng Jianan, Zhu Yuxin, Chen Zehang, Fang Xiening, Chen Daifen, Fan Xinyu

“…In this paper, a hybrid control strategy based on a fifth-order nonlinear mathematical model of the PEMFC cathode is proposed to address these challenges. …”
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Two-Echelon Pickup and Delivery Problem Using Public Transport in City Logistics by Shuai Wang, Xiaoning Zhu, Pan Shang, Wenqian Liu, Xiao Lin, Lóránt Tavasszy

“…We formulate a new mathematical model based on a space-time network and adopt an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) algorithm for the 2E-PDP-PT. …”
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Study on Mechanism of Viscoelastic Polymer Transient Flow in Porous Media by Huiying Zhong, Weidong Zhang, Hongjun Yin, Haoyang Liu

“…We establish a mathematical model for transient flows of viscoelastic polymers using computational fluid dynamics simulations, and we study the distributions of pressure and velocity for different elasticity scenarios and different flooding process. …”
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Beam steering by two vertically faced metasurfaces using polarization free unit cells with three operating modes by Mohammadreza Jahangiri, Hossein Soleimani, Mohammad Soleimani

“…The unit cell in the nonplanar metasurface is composed of two vertical surfaces. A mathematical model is used to analyze two vertically-faced metasurfaces. …”
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Analysis of Thermal Properties on Backward Feed Multieffect Distillation Dealing with High-Salinity Wastewater by Jianliang Xue, Qinqin Cui, Jie Ming, Yu Bai, Lin Li

“…Theoretical investigations on thermal properties of multieffect distillation (MED) are presented to approach lower capital costs and more distillated products. A mathematical model, based on the energy and mass balance, is developed to (i) evaluate the influences of variations in key parameters (effect numbers, evaporation temperature in last effect, and feed salinity) on steam consumption, gained output ratio (GOR), and total heat transfer areas of MED and (ii) compare two operation modes (backward feed (BF) and forward feed (FF) systems). …”
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Design of fractional order PDD controller for robotic arm using partial cancellation of non minimum phase zero by Manpreet Kaur, Swati Sondhi, Venkata Karteek Yanumula

“…In this work, a Fractional-order proportional derivative (FOPDD) controller is proposed for the system whose mathematical model is made up of two loops where inner and outer loops are used for pendulum and rotary arm position respectively. …”
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A Fixed-Time Zero Sequence Circulating Current Suppression Strategy Based on Extended Kalman Filter by Xiaopeng Li, Guofeng He, Yuanhao Zhou, Yanfei Dong, Hang Wang

“…Firstly, the detailed mathematical model of ZSCC is described, where the inductance perturbations are considered according to the generation mechanism of ZSCC, and a novel ZSCC controller is designed based on the principles of the fixed-time stability theory which can assure the action time of the zero vectors in one switching cycle. …”
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Online Algebraic Estimation of Parameters and Disturbances in Brushless DC Motors by David Marcos-Andrade, Francisco Beltran-Carbajal, Alexis Castelan-Perez, Ivan Rivas-Cambero, Jesús C. Hernández

“…In utilizing the mathematical model of a BLDC motor, a set of equations is derived to enable parameter estimation, assuming the availability of input and output measurements in open loop. …”
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Analyzing Policymaking for Tuberculosis Control in Nigeria by Nura M. R. Ahmad, Cristina Montañola-Sales, Clara Prats, Mustapha Musa, Daniel López, Josep Casanovas-Garcia

“…This paper proposes a mathematical model to evaluate TB burden in Nigeria by using data obtained from the local TB control program in the community. …”
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Quantitative Identification of the Water Resistance Capacity of Composite Strata in Mining Coal Seam Floors by Xinyi Wang, Fang Li, Qi Wang, Bo Chen, Yu Zou, Bo Zhang

“…The water resistance of the J16-17 coal seam floor composite rock in the study area was quantitatively evaluated using the fuzzy variable set mathematical model and was divided into five grades: extremely weak, weak, medium, strong, and very strong. …”
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Ship-Borne Phased Array Radar Using GA Based Adaptive α-β-γ Filter for Beamforming Compensation and Air Target Tracking by J. Mar, Chen-Chih Liu, M. B. Basnet

“…The roll and pitch data measured from a gyroscope of the sea vehicle and generated from ship motion mathematical model are used in the experiments. The tracking accuracy of adaptive α-β-γ filter using the GA method is compared with PSO method under different ship motion conditions. …”
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A mixed-integer linear programming model for scheduling volunteers in technical support teams in Non-Governmental Organizations by Valdir Soares Silva Neto, Ricardo Lukas de Medeiros França, Keren Karolyne Nóbrega Silva, Luciano Carlos Azevedo da Costa, Hugo Harry F. R. Kramer

“…To solve the problem, a mathematical model is proposed whose objective is to allocate volunteers to tasks for which they have the greatest ability. …”
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On the basic reproduction number $R_0$ in sexual activity models for HIV/AIDS epidemics: Example from Yunnan, China by Nicolas Bacaër, Xamxinur Abdurahman, Jianli Ye, Pierre Auger

“…Heterogeneity in sexual behavior is known to play an important role in the spread of HIV. In 1986, a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations was introduced to take into account the distribution of sexual activity. …”
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Qualitative Stability Analysis of an Obesity Epidemic Model with Social Contagion by Enrique Lozano-Ochoa, Jorge Fernando Camacho, Cruz Vargas-De-León

“…We study an epidemiological mathematical model formulated in terms of an ODE system taking into account both social and nonsocial contagion risks of obesity. …”
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Fuzzy multi-objective optimization model to design a sustainable closed-loop manufacturing system by Sajida Kousar, Asma Alvi, Nasreen Kausar, Harish Garg, Seifedine Kadry, Jungeun Kim

“…A multi-objective mathematical model has been formulated, incorporating financial and environmental constraints, to minimize overall costs, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions within the manufacturing framework. …”
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Integrated hybrid model of sustainable supply chain in cement industry by Kiamars Fathi Hafshejani, Majid Bagheri Sorkhi, Mahmoud Modiri

“…Then, the relevant mathematical model was presented and solved in GAMS software using NSGA-II method in MATLAB software. …”
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