Morphometrics and evolution: the challenge of crossing rugged phenotypic landscapes with straight paths by P. D. Polly

“…Ancestral reconstruction of horn morphology based on two mammalian ungulates illustrates how biologically improbable results can arise from the mathematical properties of geometric morphometric morphospaces. …”
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PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFICACY OF MELANIN AS A FOOD INGREDIENT by N. Cherno, A. Kapustian, K. Naumenko, L. Gural, S. Osolina

“…Melanin is a biological pigment formed by indoles and phenolic compounds that is widespread in nature. It is found in mammalian skin and hair, cephalopod ink, plants and various types of bacteria and fungi. …”
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Evolution of the C-Type Lectin-Like Receptor Genes of the DECTIN-1 Cluster in the NK Gene Complex by Susanne Sattler, Hormas Ghadially, Erhard Hofer

“…Even in Caenorhabditis elegans, genes displaying homology to the mammalian C-type lectin-like receptors have been detected. …”
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Developments in Diagnosis and Antileishmanial Drugs by Prachi Bhargava, Rajni Singh

“…The cell biology of Leishmania and mammalian cells differs considerably and this distinctness extends to the biochemical level. …”
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Emulsion Cross-Linking Technique for Human Fibroblast Encapsulation by Watcharaphong Chaemsawang, Weerapong Prasongchean, Konstantinos I. Papadopoulos, Suchada Sukrong, W. John Kao, Phanphen Wattanaarsakit

“…Emulsion cross-linking microcapsule preparation resulted in smaller and possibly more diverse particles that can be developed clinically to deliver encapsulated mammalian cells for future disease treatments.…”
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Innate Immune Memory: The Latest Frontier of Adjuvanticity by Elfi Töpfer, Diana Boraschi, Paola Italiani

“…These findings are revolutionising our knowledge of the immune system, introducing the concept of memory also for mammalian innate immunity. Thus, vaccines are likely to nonspecifically affect the overall immunological status of individuals in a clinically relevant manner. …”
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INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS IN NEURONAL FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS by A. L. Proskura, I. A. Malachin, T. A. Zapara, I. I. Turnaev, V. V. Suslov, A. S. Ratuschnyak

“…Dendritic spines are the postsynaptic part of excitatory synapses in higher divisions of mammalian brains. Protein–protein networks of spine microdomains form the functional system of neuronal synapses. …”
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Diversity in the Regulation of Autophagy and Mitophagy: Lessons from Parkinson's Disease by Charleen T. Chu

“…Complete clearance of mitochondria can be observed during normal maturation of certain mammalian cell types, and during certain forms of neuronal cell death. …”
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The cell autonomous and non-autonomous roles of itaconate in immune response by Chao Chen, Xinjian Li

“…Itaconate which is discovered as a mammalian metabolite possessing antimicrobial and immunoregulatory activity has attracted much attention in the field of immunometabolism. …”
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Cerebellar Development and Plasticity: Perspectives for Motor Coordination Strategies, for Motor Skills, and for Therapy by J. D. Swinny, J. J. L. van der Want, A. Gramsbergen

“…The role of the mammalian cerebellum ranges from motor coordination, sensory-motor integration, motor learning, and timing to nonmotor functions such as cognition. …”
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Metformin in the treatment of colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumours by Karolina Daniłowska, Natalia Picheta, Barbara I. Krupska, Anna Rudzińska, Oliwia Burdan, Katarzyna Szklener

“…The biguanide works by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, activating 5’AMP activated protein kinase, and reducing insulin-like growth factor 1. …”
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Auditory Stimulation Dishabituates Olfactory Responses via Noradrenergic Cortical Modulation by Jonathan J. Smith, Kiseko Shionoya, Regina M. Sullivan, Donald A. Wilson

“…Dishabituation is a return of a habituated response if context or contingency changes. In the mammalian olfactory system, metabotropic glutamate receptor mediated synaptic depression of cortical afferents underlies short-term habituation to odors. …”
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Placenta-Specific Protein 1 Is Conserved throughout the Placentalia under Purifying Selection by Eric J. Devor

“…Placental mammals (Placentalia) are a very successful group that, today, comprise 94% of all mammalian species. Recent phylogenetic analyses, coupled with new, quite complete fossils, suggest that the crown orders were all established rapidly from a common ancestor just after the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary 65 million years ago. …”
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Sulfurous Gases As Biological Messengers and Toxins: Comparative Genetics of Their Metabolism in Model Organisms by Neal D. Mathew, David I. Schlipalius, Paul R. Ebert

“…In C. elegans, we find genes for all mammalian pathways for synthesis and catabolism of the three sulfur containing gasotransmitters, H2S, SO2 and COS. …”
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Small mammals of the suburban areas of Warsaw in the diet of the tawny owl Strix aluco by Jerzy Romanowski, Grzegorz Lesiński, Marta Bardzińska

“…Rodents constituted the most numerous mammalian order. Among the most abundant prey we recorded were Myodes glareolus (63 individuals = 10.3% of all mammals), Apodemus agrarius (56 individuals = 9.2%) (173), Apodemus flavicollis (54 individuals = 8.8%), Mus musculus (48 individuals = 7.9%) and Microtus arvalis (44 individuals = 7.2%). …”
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Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative animal model in fat metabolism studies by Dilan de Silva, Mangala Gunatilake

“…Fat storage in Drosophila occurs in the form of lipid droplets carrying cholesterol and triacylglycerol which are accumulated primarily in the fat body – the analogous Drosophila organ to mammalian adipose tissue. Moreover, the Drosophila fat body has showcased its role in storage and metabolic regulation, akin to the function of the liver in mammals. …”
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The ADF/Cofilin-Pathway and Actin Dynamics in Podocyte Injury by Beina Teng, Alexander Lukasz, Mario Schiffer

“…ADF/cofilins are the major regulators of actin dynamics in mammalian cells. The activation of ADF/cofilins is controlled by a variety of regulatory mechanisms. …”
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Promising Response with PI3K Inhibitor for a Patient with Heavily Pretreated PIK3CA Mutation Head-and-Neck Cancer by Ming-Jing Lee, Hsiang-Fong Kao

“…Several pathways have been identified in HNSCC, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently dysregulated in various cancers due to activating mutations or amplification of PIK3CA. …”
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A simple model for Behavioral Time Scale Synaptic Plasticity (BTSP) provides content addressable memory with binary synapses and one-shot learning by Yujie Wu, Wolfgang Maass

“…Abstract Recent experimental studies in the awake brain have identified a rule for synaptic plasticity that is instrumental for the instantaneous creation of memory traces in area CA1 of the mammalian brain: Behavioral Time scale Synaptic Plasticity. …”
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Simultaneous prediction of 10m and 100m wind speeds using a model inspired by brain emotional learning by Alireza Hakimi, Parvin Ghafarian

“…This study introduces the brain emotional learning based on basic and functional memories (BELBFM) model, inspired by adaptive emotional learning mechanisms in the mammalian brain, to predict wind speeds at both altitudes simultaneously. …”
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