Biologiczne podstawy emocji. Rola stresu w regulacji procesu dojrzewania by Maria Dorota Czajkowska-Majewska

“…Emotions are fundamental functions of mammalian brain, essential for survival of an individual, a group and a species, they have biological basis and are mediated by a variety of neurotransmitters and neurohormones acting on specific brain structures. …”
Get full text

X-Chromosome Inactivation and Related Diseases by Zhuo Sun, Jinbo Fan, Yang Wang

“…X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is the form of dosage compensation in mammalian female cells to balance X-linked gene expression levels of the two sexes. …”
Get full text

Fungal Dimorphism and Virulence: Molecular Mechanisms for Temperature Adaptation, Immune Evasion, and In Vivo Survival by Gregory M. Gauthier

“…The conversion to yeast within healthy and immunocompromised mammalian hosts is essential for virulence. In the yeast phase, the thermally dimorphic fungi upregulate genes involved with subverting host immune defenses. …”
Get full text

Linear and structural stability of a cell division process model by Vladimir Balan, Ileana Rodica Nicola

“…The paper investigates the linear stability of mammalian physiology time-delayed flow for three distinct cases (normal cell cycle, a neoplasmic cell cycle, and multiple cell arrest states), for the Dirac, uniform, and exponential distributions. …”
Get full text

Stage-specific function of sphingolipid synthases in African trypanosomes by Norton Heise, Carolina M. Koeller, Mohamed Sharif, James D. Bangs

“…IPC synthesis occurs exclusively in the procyclic insect stage (PCF), EPC is limited to the mammalian bloodstream form (BSF), and SM is synthesized throughout the life cycle. …”
Get full text

The Central Role and Possible Mechanisms of Bacterial DNAs in Sepsis Development by Zhenxing Cheng, Simon T. Abrams, James Austin, Julien Toh, Susan Siyu Wang, Zhi Wang, Qian Yu, Weiping Yu, Cheng Hock Toh, Guozheng Wang

“…Bacterial DNAs are different from mammalian DNAs; the latter are heavily methylated. …”
Get full text

Mitochondrial Dynamics: Functional Link with Apoptosis by Hidenori Otera, Katsuyoshi Mihara

“…In this paper, we briefly summarize current knowledge of the role of mitochondrial dynamics in apoptosis and cell pathophysiology in mammalian cells.…”
Get full text

Influenza A virus in dairy cattle: infection biology and potential mammary gland-targeted vaccines by Rodrigo Prado Martins, Daniel Marc, Pierre Germon, Sascha Trapp, Ignacio Caballero-Posadas

“…This review explores general aspects of influenza A virus (IAV) biology, its interactions with mammalian hosts, and discusses the key considerations for developing vaccines to prevent or curtail IAV infection in the bovine mammary gland and its spread through milk.…”
Get full text

Anaerobic fungi: Neocallimastigomycota by G.W. Griffith, S. Baker, K. Fliegerova, A. Liggenstoffer, M. van der Giezen, K. Voigt, G. Beakes

“…Next-generation sequencing has also allowed more detailed investigation of the ecology and diversity of these fungi, and it is apparent that several new taxa beyond the six genera already named exist within the digestive tracts of mammalian herbivores, with others potentially inhabiting other anaerobic niches. …”
Get full text

Characterization of a chitinase from Trichinella spiralis and its immunomodulatory effects on allergic airway inflammation in mice by Jia Xu, Ye Yao, Qisheng Zhuang, Zixuan Li, Min Zhang, Shouan Wang, Hongxin Hu, Jianbin Ye

“…Methods Recombinant Trichinella spiralis chitinase (rTs-chit) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21, and its structural homology to murine acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) was comprehensively analyzed. …”
Get full text

Genotoxicity Revaluation of Three Commercial Nitroheterocyclic Drugs: Nifurtimox, Benznidazole, and Metronidazole by Annamaria Buschini, Lisa Ferrarini, Susanna Franzoni, Serena Galati, Mirca Lazzaretti, Francesca Mussi, Cristina Northfleet de Albuquerque, Tânia Maria Araújo Domingues Zucchi, Paola Poli

“…The lack of effects on mammalian cells for MTZ is confirmed also in MN assay whereas MN induction is observed for NFX and BNZ. …”
Get full text

Cardiovascular Development and the Colonizing Cardiac Neural Crest Lineage by Paige Snider, Michael Olaopa, Anthony B. Firulli, Simon J. Conway

“…Although it is well established that transgenic manipulation of mammalian neural crest-related gene expression and microsurgical removal of premigratory chicken and Xenopus embryonic cardiac neural crest progenitors results in a wide spectrum of both structural and functional congenital heart defects, the actual functional mechanism of the cardiac neural crest cells within the heart is poorly understood. …”
Get full text

BRCA1 is involved in sustaining rapid antler growth possibly via balancing of the p53/endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway by Qianqian Guo, Zhen Wang, Jiping Li, Chao Ma, Junjun Zheng, Hengxing Ba, Guokun Zhang, Chunyi Li

“…Interestingly deer antlers, arguably the fastest regenerating mammalian tissue, have not been reported, thus far, to grow malignant tumors. …”
Get full text

The concepts of Ludwik Fleck and their application to the eukaryotic cell cycle by Stephen Cooper

“…These are (a) the G1-phase restriction point as a regulatory element of the mammalian cell cycle, (b) the Rate Change Point proposed to exist in fission yeast, and (c) the proposal that a large number of genes are expressed in a cell-cycle-dependent manner. …”
Get full text

Effector Caspases and Leukemia by Ying Lu, Guo-Qiang Chen

“…Caspases, a family of aspartate-specific cysteine proteases, play a major role in apoptosis and a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Fourteen mammalian caspases have been identified and can be divided into two groups: inflammatory caspases and apoptotic caspases. …”
Get full text

Functions of Fasciculation and Elongation Protein Zeta-1 (FEZ1) in the Brain by Andrés D. Maturana, Toshitsugu Fujita, Shun'ichi Kuroda

“…Fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 (FEZ1) is a mammalian ortholog of the Caenorhabditis elegans UNC-76 protein that possesses four coiled-coil domains and a nuclear localization signal. …”
Get full text

Alternative Cell Death Pathways and Cell Metabolism by Simone Fulda

“…While necroptosis has for long been viewed as an accidental mode of cell death triggered by physical or chemical damage, it has become clear over the last years that necroptosis can also represent a programmed form of cell death in mammalian cells. Key discoveries in the field of cell death research, including the identification of critical components of the necroptotic machinery, led to a revised concept of cell death signaling programs. …”
Get full text

The Role of Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma by Jaya Unnithan, Brian I. Rini

“…The most clinically developed targeted therapies in advanced RCC are those that target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligand or receptor (VEGFR) and therapy directed against the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Sutent and sorafenib are orally available inhibitors of the VEGFR and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). …”
Get full text

The Impact of Sulforaphane on Sex-Specific Conditions and Hormone Balance: A Comprehensive Review by Jed W. Fahey, Mirran Raphaely

“…The many mechanisms of action of SF in mammalian systems have been extensively documented. …”
Get full text

System-Wide Expression and Function of Olfactory Receptors in Mammals by S. June Oh

“…The OR is a G protein‒coupled receptor that binds the guanine nucleotide-binding Gαolf subunit and the Gβγ dimer to recognize a wide spectrum of organic compounds in accordance with its cognate ligand. Mammalian ORs were originally identified from the olfactory epithelium of rat. …”
Get full text