Dose and strain dependent lethality of Usutu virus in an Ifnar−/− mouse model by Johanna M. Duyvestyn, Eleanor M. Marshall, Peter J. Bredenbeek, Barry Rockx, Martijn J. van Hemert, Marjolein Kikkert

“…Maintained in a transmission cycle between mosquito vectors and avian reservoirs the virus can cause large seasonal outbreaks in bird populations, but spillover into mammalian hosts has also been reported. While usually mild or asymptomatic in humans, neurological disorders are increasingly observed, which has boosted interest and the need for better understanding of the pathogenesis of various USUV lineages. …”
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Multispanning membrane protein SIDT2 increases knockdown activity of gapmer antisense oligonucleotides by Kohshi Kusumoto, Kiyomi Sasaki, Yasunori Uchida, Ayaka Utsumi, Tokuyuki Yoshida, Satoshi Obika, Takao Inoue, Keiichiro Okuhira

“…In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the amino acid sequences of mammalian SIDT1 and SIDT2 to identify regions characteristic to each. …”
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Absence of mTOR Inhibitor Effect on Hepatic Cyst Growth: A Case Report of a Kidney Transplant Recipient with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease by L. Friedrich, F. Barbey, M. Pascual, J.-P. Venetz

“…Some experimental studies have suggested a beneficial effect of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor use on hepatic and renal cyst growth in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). …”
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Metabolic Reprograming of Macrophages: A New Direction in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treating Liver Failure by Junli Zhang, Na Li, Xiaoyu Hu

“…A comprehensive literature review revealed that several signaling pathways may regulate macrophage polarization through energy metabolism, including phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which exhibit crosstalk with one another. …”
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Gene Profiles in the Early Stage of Neuronal Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Induced by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor by Lili Yu, Wei Hong, Haijie Yang, Yin Yan Xia, Zhiwei Feng

“…Amongst proneural genes, the mammalian achate-schute homolog 1 (Mash-1), a basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional factor, was further demonstrated to be significantly upregulated. …”
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The Role of Dll4/Notch Signaling in Normal and Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis: Dll4 Controls Blood Vessel Sprouting and Vessel Remodeling in Normal and Pathological Conditions by Ivan Lobov, Natalia Mikhailova

“…Dll4 is most prominently expressed in the endothelium of angiogenic blood vessels and in quiescent arteries and capillaries in all tissues and organs of the mammalian species, and it is the key regulator of blood vessel sprouting. …”
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Peculiarities of the molecular composition of heterochromatin associated with pronucleoli in mouse embryos by I. O. Bogolyubova, Z. K. Sailau, D. S. Bogolyubov

“…The nucleus of pre-implantation mammalian embryos is characterized by peculiar structural organization. …”
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The Japanese encephalitis virus NS1' protein facilitates virus infection in mosquitoes. by Yuwei Liu, Yutian Huang, Ruidong Li, Chang Miao, Yi He, Changhao Xu, Xi Zhu, Bowen Li, Rui Wu, Qin Zhao, Yiping Wen, Xiaobo Huang, Qi-Gui Yan, Yi-Fei Lang, Shan Zhao, Yiping Wang, Yajie Hu, San-Jie Cao, Senyan Du

“…The NS1' protein consists of the full NS1 protein with an additional 52 amino acid extension at the C-terminus and has been demonstrated to exhibit virulence in mammalian hosts upon infection. However, the precise role of the NS1' protein in the mosquito vectors has yet to be elucidated.…”
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The Notch Pathway in Breast Cancer Progression by Emmanuel N. Kontomanolis, Sofia Kalagasidou, Stamatia Pouliliou, Xanthoula Anthoulaki, Nikolaos Georgiou, Valentinos Papamanolis, Zacharias N. Fasoulakis

“…Notch signaling pathway is a vital parameter of the mammalian vascular system. In this review, the authors summarize the current knowledge about the impact of the Notch signaling pathway in breast cancer progression and the therapeutic role of Notch’s inhibition. …”
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Mechanisms of trematodiases pathogenicity: the presence of the secretory proteins from the liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus in the gallbladder tissues of the patients with chronic... by M. Y. Pakharukova, A. V. Kovner, A. N. Trigolubov, E. N. Fedin, E. S. Mikhailova, S. G. Shtofin, A. I. Autenshlyus, V. A. Mordvinov

“…O. felineus infests the bile ducts, the liver and gallbladder of many fish-eating mammalian species, including humans. Opisthorchiasis leads to a number of related diseases of the liver and pancreas: liver fibrosis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, liver cysts and pancreatitis. …”
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Optogenetic regulation of endogenous gene transcription in mammals by E. S. Omelina, A. V. Pindyurin

“…Among optogenetic tools, long-wavelength light-controlled systems are more preferable for use in mammalian tissues in comparison with tools utilizing shorter wavelengths, since far-red/near-infrared light has the maximum penetration depth due to lower light scattering caused by lipids and reduced tissue autofluorescence at wavelengths above 700 nm. …”
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Genotoxic Effects of Etoposide, Bleomycin, and Ethyl Methanesulfonate on Cultured CHO Cells: Analysis by GC-MS/MS and Comet Assay by Donald H. Atha, Erdem Coskun, Onur Erdem, Alessandro Tona, Vytas Reipa, Bryant C. Nelson

“…To evaluate methods for analysis of genotoxic effects on mammalian cell lines, we tested the effect of three common genotoxic agents on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). …”
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Role of BDNF-mTORC1 Signaling Pathway in Female Depression by Xianquan An, Xiaoxiao Yao, Bingjin Li, Wei Yang, Ranji Cui, Guoqing Zhao, Yang Jin

“…Moreover, recent studies suggest that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor- (BDNF-) mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway is a crucial target pathway for improving depression and mediates the rapid antidepressant-like effects of various antidepressants. …”
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Macrophage MST1 protects against schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis by promoting the PPARγ-CD36 pathway and suppressing NF-κB signaling. by Jianyang Li, Xinyuan Cai, Yan Yang, Yulin Mao, Lin Ding, Qian Xue, Xunhao Hu, Yan Huang, Cong Sui, Yuxia Zhang

“…Monocyte-derived macrophages play critical and plastic roles in the progression and regression of liver fibrosis, adopting different polarization phenotypes. Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1), a serine/threonine kinase, has been established to act as a negative regulator of macrophage-associated inflammation. …”
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Antidiabetic Potential of Senna siamea: α-Glucosidase Inhibition, Postprandial Blood Glucose Reduction, Toxicity Evaluation, and Molecular Docking by Suthinee Sangkanu, Armad Heemman, Sathianpong Phoopha, Thanet Pitakbut, Wandee Udomuksorn, Sukanya Dej-adisai

“…Finally, molecular docking was conducted to evaluate theoretical interactions between three main stilbenes previously found in S. siamea extract and mammalian α-glucosidases (Wistar rat and human). The simulation supported the in vivo study and suggested the potential for human glucosidase inhibition. …”
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Autophagy protein Atg7 is essential for maintaining malaria parasite cellular homeostasis and organelle biogenesis by Akancha Mishra, Suryansh Rajput, Pratik Narain Srivastava, H. Shabeer Ali, Satish Mishra

“…ABSTRACT Plasmodium parasites have a complex life cycle that transitions between mosquito and mammalian hosts, and undergo continuous cellular remodeling to adapt to various drastic environments. …”
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Discovery and Evaluation of Polymorphisms in the and Promoter Regions for Risk of Korean Lung Cancer by Jae Sook Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, Seung Tae Kim, Yeul Hong Kim

“…AKT is a signal transduction protein that plays a central role in the tumorigenesis. There are 3 mammalian isoforms of this serine/threonine protein kinase-AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3-showing a broad tissue distribution. …”
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Differential Reponses of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells to mTOR Inhibition by Aimin Yang, Xia Xiao, Mingfeng Zhao, Amanda C. LaRue, Bradley A. Schulte, Gavin Y. Wang

“…Abnormal activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been observed in a variety of human cancers. …”
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A comprehensive analysis of in vitro and in vivo genetic fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using high-throughput sequencing of transposon libraries. by David Skurnik, Damien Roux, Hugues Aschard, Vincent Cattoir, Deborah Yoder-Himes, Stephen Lory, Gerald B Pier

“…These experiments resulted in the identification of the P. aeruginosa strain PA14 genes necessary for optimal survival in the mucosal and systemic environments of a mammalian host.…”
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Fragrant olive (Osmanthus fragrans Lour.) flower extract attenuates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy through stimulation of PI3K/Akt pathway in C2C12 myotubes and C57BL/6 mice by Taeuk Kim, Seungok Lee, Sein Lee, Hyejung Han, Chul-Hong Kim, Dong-Woo Lee, Jae-Kwan Hwang

“…In C2C12 myotubes, OFWE improved the protein synthesis by upregulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and muscle differentiation by activating myogenesis-related genes. …”
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