A two-step geospace storm as a new tool of opportunity for experimentally estimating the threshold condition for the formation of a substorm current wedge by L. F. Chernogor

“…One of the energy pathways between the ionospheric heights and the magnetosphere is the diversion of the cross-tail electric current into the ionosphere through the current wedge. …”
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The Solar and Geomagnetic Storms in 2024 May: A Flash Data Report by Hisashi Hayakawa, Yusuke Ebihara, Alexander Mishev, Sergey Koldobskiy, Kanya Kusano, Sabrina Bechet, Seiji Yashiro, Kazumasa Iwai, Atsuki Shinbori, Kalevi Mursula, Fusa Miyake, Daikou Shiota, Marcos V. D. Silveira, Robert Stuart, Denny M. Oliveira, Sachiko Akiyama, Kouji Ohnishi, Vincent Ledvina, Yoshizumi Miyoshi

“…The shock arrival at 17:05 UT on May 10 significantly compressed the magnetosphere down to ≈5.04 R _E and triggered a deep Forbush Decrease. …”
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Predicting Interplanetary Shock Occurrence for Solar Cycle 25: Opportunities and Challenges in Space Weather Research by Denny M. Oliveira, Robert C. Allen, Livia R. Alves, Séan P. Blake, Brett A. Carter, Dibyendu Chakrabarty, Giulia D’Angelo, Kevin Delano, Ezequiel Echer, Cristian P. Ferradas, Matt G. Finley, Bea Gallardo‐Lacourt, Dan Gershman, Jesper W. Gjerloev, John Bosco Habarulema, Michael D. Hartinger, Rajkumar Hajra, Hisashi Hayakawa, Liisa Juusola, Karl M. Laundal, Robert J. Leamon, Michael Madelaire, Miguel Martínez‐Ledesma, Scott M. McIntosh, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Mark B. Moldwin, Emmanuel Nahayo, Dibyendu Nandy, Bhosale Nilam, Katariina Nykyri, William R. Paterson, Mirko Piersanti, Ermanno Pietropaolo, Craig J. Rodger, Trunali Shah, Andy W. Smith, Nandita Srivastava, Bruce T. Tsurutani, S. Tulasi Ram, Lisa A. Upton, Bhaskara Veenadhari, Sergio Vidal‐Luengo, Ari Viljanen, Sarah K. Vines, Vipin K. Yadav, Jeng‐Hwa Yee, James W. Weygand, Eftyhia Zesta

“…The next decade or so will bring unprecedented opportunities for research and forecasting effects in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and on the ground. As a result, we predict SC25 will offer excellent opportunities for shock occurrences and data availability for conducting space weather research and forecasting.…”
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Modeling Radiation Belt Electrons With Information Theory Informed Neural Networks by Simon Wing, Drew L. Turner, Aleksandr Y. Ukhorskiy, Jay R. Johnson, Thomas Sotirelis, Romina Nikoukar, Giuseppe Romeo

“…The model inputs solar wind parameters (velocity, density, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) |B|, Bz, and By), magnetospheric state parameters (SYM‐H and AL), and L*. …”
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Auroral Drivers of Large dB∕dt During Geomagnetic Storms by Ying Zou, Caleb Dowell, Banafsheh Ferdousi, Larry R. Lyons, Jiang Liu

“…By referring to the magnetospheric source of the auroras, the magnetospheric source of large dB/dt can be inferred, whether it be dipolarization of the tail magnetic field, bursty bulk flows, instability, or wave‐particle interaction. …”
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Geosynchronous Magnetopause Crossings and Their Relationships With Magnetic Storms and Substorms by A. A. Samsonov, Y. V. Bogdanova, G. Branduardi‐Raymont, L. Xu, J. Zhang, D. Sormakov, O. A. Troshichev, C. Forsyth

“…Abstract The paper investigates the strengthening of magnetospheric activity related to geosynchronous magnetopause crossings (GMCs). …”
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Geomagnetic Disturbances Due To Neutral‐Wind‐Driven Ionospheric Currents by Cheng Sheng, Yue Deng, Daniel T. Welling, Steven K. Morley

“…GMDs due to neutral‐wind driven currents have been compared to those caused by magnetospheric convection driven currents during both the main and recovery phases. …”
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Probabilistic Forecasts of Storm Sudden Commencements From Interplanetary Shocks Using Machine Learning by A. W. Smith, I. J. Rae, C. Forsyth, D. M. Oliveira, M. P. Freeman, D. R. Jackson

“…The simple parameterization of the shock was tested by including additional features related to magnetospheric indices and their changes during shock impact, resulting in moderate increases in reliability. …”
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Impacts of Different Causes on the Inter‐Hemispheric Asymmetry of Ionosphere‐Thermosphere System at Mid‐ and High‐Latitudes: GITM Simulations by Yu Hong, Yue Deng, Qingyu Zhu, Astrid Maute, Cheng Sheng, Daniel Welling, Ramon Lopez

“…Abstract In this study, the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model is utilized to investigate the inter‐hemispheric asymmetry in the ionosphere‐thermosphere (I‐T) system at mid‐ and high‐latitudes (|geographic latitude| > 45°) associated with inter‐hemispheric differences in (a) the solar irradiance, (b) geomagnetic field, and (c) magnetospheric forcing under moderate geomagnetic conditions. …”
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Toward GIC Forecasting: Statistical Downscaling of the Geomagnetic Field to Improve Geoelectric Field Forecasts by C. Haines, M. J. Owens, L. Barnard, M. Lockwood, C. D. Beggan, A. W. P. Thomson, N. C. Rogers

“…Long lead‐time GIC forecasting requires magnetospheric models as drivers of geoelectric field models. …”
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Development of a Bowtie Inversion Technique for Real‐Time Processing of the GOES‐16/‐17 SEISS MPS‐HI Electron Channels by A. Boudouridis, J.V. Rodriguez, B.T. Kress, B.K. Dichter, T.G. Onsager

“…The same bowtie technique is used to calculate effective energies and geometric factors for the GOES‐13/‐14 Magnetospheric Electron Detector ME1‐ME5 (30–600 keV) electron channels. …”
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Observations of the Electromagnetic Electron Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability and Its Impact on the Dynamics Inside a Flux Rope by K. Jiang, S. Y. Huang, Q. M. Lu, Z. G. Yuan, Q. Y. Xiong

“…Abstract The electromagnetic electron Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability (EM EKHI) and its impact on the dynamics inside a flux rope (FR) is investigated through observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. The convection term dominated electric field drives E × B drift in the FR, which supports a strong electron shear flow. …”
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Effect of Ap-Index of Geomagnetic Activity on S&P 500 Stock Market Return by Lifang Peng, Ning Li, Jingwen Pan

“…Geomagnetic activity with global influence is an essential object of space weather research and is a significant link in the section of the solar wind-magnetospheric coupling process. Research so far provides strong evidence that geomagnetic activity affects stock investment decisions by influencing human health, mood, and human behaviours. …”
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A Substorm‐Dependent Negative Limit of Non‐Eclipse Surface Charging of a Chinese Geosynchronous Satellite by Zhiyi Fu, Zhenpeng Su, Bin Miao, Zhiyong Wu, Yiren Li, Kai Liu, Xu Shan, Yuming Wang

“…Similar relations may also exist for other inner magnetospheric spacecraft in the non‐eclipse region, which would be useful for spacecraft engineering and space weather alerts.…”
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In-situ observations of the magnetothermodynamic evolution of electron-only reconnection by D. S. Payne, M. Swisdak, J. P. Eastwood, J. F. Drake, P. S. Pyakurel, J. R. Shuster

“…We investigate the temporal dynamics of field-particle energy exchange during magnetic reconnection, using Magnetospheric Multiscale mission observations of an electron-only reconnection event in the magnetosheath. …”
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Energy transport through Earth’s plasma sheet in 3-D by K. C. Barik, C. C. Chaston

“…A statistical analysis of energy transport through Earth’s plasma sheet is performed using 6 years of Magnetospheric Multi-Scale (MMS) mission observations. …”
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Autogenous Electron Acceleration by Ion Flow Vortex in Space Plasmas by C. M. Liu, J. B. Cao, Y. Y. Liu, E. A. Kronberg, X. N. Xing, B. N. Zhao, P. W. Daly

“…Plasma flow vortexes are ubiquitous in space and astrophysical settings and play a vital role in energy and mass transport, contributing to formation of stars and planets, launching and dissipation of astrophysical jets, and coupling between planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres. Here we present in situ observations showing that energetic electrons with energies up to 250 keV can be directly generated inside an ion flow vortex with finite spatial scale. …”
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Observations From NOAA's Newest Solar Proton Sensor by B. T. Kress, J. V. Rodriguez, A. Boudouridis, T. G. Onsager, B. K. Dichter, G. E. Galica, S. Tsui

“…This paper is intended as a resource for SGPS data users, including comparisons with legacy GOES energetic particle measurements, corrections applied to SGPS Level‐2 data, important caveats, background level fluxes, and measurements of trapped magnetospheric protons.…”
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Radiation Impact of the Halloween GLE Events During the October–November 2003 Period by N. Larsen, A. Mishev

“…In this work we expand upon and use, the newly developed and verified dosimetric model Oulu CRAC:DOMO (Cosmic Ray Atmospheric Cascade: Dosimetric Model) to compute the radiation impact of the Halloween events at an altitude typical for aviation, that is of 35 kft. Complex magnetospheric modeling was performed for each GLE event and the deep Forbush decrease present was reconstructed and accounted for. …”
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Modeling the transport and anisotropy of energetic electrons in solar flares by Xiangliang Kong, Xiangliang Kong, Xiangliang Kong, Hao Ning, Yao Chen, Yao Chen

“…Our simulation results highlight the effects of turbulent pitch-angle scattering on electron trap/precipitation and anisotropic distribution in solar flares, which may help us understand the precipitation of magnetospheric electrons accounting for the aurora as well.…”
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