Pulmonary surfactant system by Zafer Durgun, Ercan Keskin

“…Recognized functions of surfactant are (1) maintaining proper humidity of the alveolar wall; (2) providing a constant essential factor for easier pulmonary elastic recoil and reducing the work of breathing during passive expiration; (3) stabilizing the alveoli by lowering the surface tension at the air-liquid interface, or decreasing the tendency of small alveoli to collapse and fuse into larger alveoli at expiration; (4) resisting infiltration of capillary and interstitial fluids into the alveoli; and (5) emulsifying very small inhaled particles that may have reached the alveoli and thus facilitating their phagocytosis by macrophages. lt is stated that deficiencies of surfactant or differences in its composition are concerned with morphofunctional immaturity of lung in prenatal or neonatal period and many pulmonary diseases of adults. …”
Get full text

High-throughput Identification of Phage-derived Imaging Agents by Kimberly A. Kelly, Paul A. Clemons, Amy M. Yu, Ralph Weissleder

“…We test the method using a phage screen against activated macrophages to develop imaging agents with higher specificity for active disease processes. …”
Get full text

Pivotal Roles of GM-CSF in Autoimmunity and Inflammation by Aoi Shiomi, Takashi Usui

“…Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor, which stimulates the proliferation of granulocytes and macrophages from bone marrow precursor cells. …”
Get full text

Design and synthesis of phenylthiophosphoryl dichloride derivatives and evaluation of their antitumour and anti-inflammatory activities by Chunyun Xu, Na Yang, Haichun Yu, Xiaojing Wang

“…In addition, compound S11 exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages, effectively reducing the levels of inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-10 and HO-1. …”
Get full text

Dissection of the Interplay between Class I PI3Ks and Rac Signaling in Phagocytic Functions by Carlotta Costa, Giulia Germena, Emilio Hirsch

“…Phagocytes, like neutrophils and macrophages, are specialized cells evolved to clear infectious pathogens. …”
Get full text

Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome abrogates cardiotoxicity of immune checkpoint blockers by Ping Li, Zhen Qin, Yang Lu, Jiamin Gao, Zhenwei Wang, Ge Zhang, Han Yang, Yachen Hou, Dashuai Wang, Pengchong Du, Yunzhe Wang, Quanzhou Chen, Zhaowei Sun, Jinying Zhang, Junnan Tang

“…Single-cell RNA sequencing elucidated that MCC950 treatment reduced the cardiac infiltration of pathogenic macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, activated T cells, and their production of inflammatory cytokines, while enhancing the presence of reparative macrophages and naive T cells. …”
Get full text

Identification and Analysis of Key Immune- and Inflammation-Related Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Tan Y, Qian B, Ma Q, Xiang K, Wang S

“…These key genes were all enriched in the same pathways, such as GOCC_azurophil_granule, IL-12 signalling and production in macrophages is the pathway with the strongest role for key genes. …”
Get full text

Neopterin and Beta-2 Microglobulin Relations to Immunity and Inflammatory Status in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients by Celina Wojciechowska, Jan Wodniecki, Romuald Wojnicz, Ewa Romuk, Wojciech Jacheć, Andrzej Tomasik, Bronisława Skrzep-Poloczek, Beata Spinczyk, Ewa Nowalany-Kozielska

“…Neopterin correlated positively with the number of macrophages in biopsy specimens (P<0.05) acute phase proteins: C-reactive proteins (P<0.05); fibrinogen (P<0.01); and NYHA functional class (P<0.05) and negatively with left ventricular ejection fraction (P<0.05). …”
Get full text

IL-33 Mediates Lung Inflammation by the IL-6-Type Cytokine Oncostatin M by Fernando Botelho, Anisha Dubey, Ehab A. Ayaub, Rex Park, Ashley Yip, Allison Humbles, Roland Kolbeck, Carl D. Richards

“…In vitro, IL-33 upregulated expression of OSM in the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line and in bone marrow-derived macrophages. …”
Get full text

A stretchable human lung‐on‐chip model of alveolar inflammation for evaluating anti‐inflammatory drug response by Clémentine Richter, Lorenz Latta, Daria Harig, Patrick Carius, Janick D. Stucki, Nina Hobi, Andreas Hugi, Paul Schumacher, Tobias Krebs, Alexander Gamrekeli, Felix Stöckle, Klaus Urbschat, Galia Montalvo, Franziska Lautenschläger, Brigitta Loretz, Alberto Hidalgo, Nicole Schneider‐Daum, Claus‐Michael Lehr

“…In all cases, the presence of macrophages appeared to be crucial to mediating inflammatory changes in the alveolar epithelium. …”
Get full text

Immunology and Oxidative Stress in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Basic Approach by Genaro G. Ortiz, Fermín P. Pacheco-Moisés, Oscar K. Bitzer-Quintero, Ana C. Ramírez-Anguiano, Luis J. Flores-Alvarado, Viridiana Ramírez-Ramírez, Miguel A. Macias-Islas, Erandis D. Torres-Sánchez

“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines amplify the inflammatory cascade by compromising the BBB, recruiting immune cells from the periphery, and activating resident microglia. inflammation-associated oxidative burst in activated microglia and macrophages plays an important role in the demyelination and free radical-mediated tissue injury in the pathogenesis of MS. …”
Get full text

Post-burns persistent inflammation leads to kidney PANoptosis with Caspases pathway activation by Guang Yang, Minghui Wang, Mulan Qahar, Jinqing He, Zhiwei Lai, Sanmu Li, Dehua He, Xuefei Yan, Zuying Xiong, Zibo Xiong, Thu H. Le

“…Furthermore, polarized M1 macrophages led to increased MPC5 podocyte death. Following dexamethasone intervention, kidney function and injuries were alleviated in CKD mice. …”
Get full text

Six-Gene Signature Associated with Immune Cells in the Progression of Atherosclerosis Discovered by Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analyses by Bin Zhao, Dan Wang, Yanling Liu, Xiaohong Zhang, Zheng Wan, Jinling Wang, Ting Su, Linshan Duan, Yan Wang, Yuehua Zhang, Yilin Zhao

“…Meanwhile, four gene expressions (CD53, C1QC, NCF2, and ITGAM) have a high correlation with the percentages of T cell CD8 and macrophages (M0 and M2) in AA samples. Conclusions. …”
Get full text

Autophagy in Inflammatory Diseases by Alexander J. S. Choi, Stefan W. Ryter

“…Additionally, autophagy can interact with other vital processes such as programmed cell death, inflammation, and adaptive immune mechanisms, and thereby potentially influence disease pathogenesis. Macrophages deficient in autophagic proteins display enhanced caspase-1-dependent proinflammatory cytokine production and the activation of the inflammasome. …”
Get full text

Cardiovascular Disease in Ageing: An Overview on Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm as an Emerging Inflammatory Disease by Calogera Pisano, Carmela Rita Balistreri, Alessandro Ricasoli, Giovanni Ruvolo

“…The coexistence of inflammatory cells with markers of apoptotic vascular cell death in the media of ascending aorta with aneurysms and type A dissections raises the possibility that activated T cells and macrophages may contribute to the elimination of smooth muscle cells and degradation of the matrix. …”
Get full text

In vivo monitoring of leukemia-niche interactions in a zebrafish xenograft model. by Anja Arner, Andreas Ettinger, Bradley Wayne Blaser, Bettina Schmid, Irmela Jeremias, Nadia Rostam, Vera Binder-Blaser

“…Interactions of LCs with macrophages and endothelial cells could be quantitatively characterized. …”
Get full text

A Pediatric Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Developed 10 Years after Cord Blood Transplantation for Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia by Masayuki Nagasawa, Yuki Aoki

“…Genetic analysis of peripheral blood revealed mixed chimera with recipient cells consisting of <5% of T cells, 50–60% of B cells, 60–75% of NK cells, 70–80% of macrophages, and 50–60% of granulocytes. Significance of persistent mixed chimera as a cause of SLE is discussed.…”
Get full text

Vulnerability of vascular endothelium in lipopolysaccharide toxicity: effect of (acyl) carnitine on endothelial stability by W. C. Hülsmann

“…The literature presented illustrates that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from bacterial cell walls, induces tumour necrosis factor (TNF) synthesis in macrophages. TNF affects a number of cell types, amongst which are endothelial cells, within a few hours. …”
Get full text

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma by Oluwadunni E. Emiloju, Sorab Gupta, Vivian Arguello-Guerra, Claudia Dourado

“…Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a result of an abnormal activation of immune cells (T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and macrophages) resulting in cytokine overproduction and immune destruction of cells, eventually resulting in multiorgan failure. …”
Get full text

Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Hepcidin Revealed by Hepcidin Disorders by Clara Camaschella, Laura Silvestri

“…In ACD, iron is present in the body, but maldistributed, being deficient for erythropoiesis, but sequestered in macrophages. Studies of the hepcidin regulation by iron and inflammatory cytokines are revealing new pathways that might become targets of new therapeutic intervention in iron disorders.…”
Get full text