Targeting EP2 Receptor Improves Muscle and Bone Health in Dystrophin^−/−/Utrophin^−/− Double-Knockout Mice by Xueqin Gao, Yan Cui, Greg Zhang, Joseph J. Ruzbarsky, Bing Wang, Jonathan E. Layne, Xiang Xiao, Johnny Huard

“…Treatment of DKO-Hom mice with the EP2 antagonist PF04418948 for 2 weeks increased body weight and reduced HO and muscle pathology by decreasing both total macrophages (CD68⁺) and senescent macrophages (CD68⁺P21⁺), while increasing endothelial cells (CD31⁺). …”
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RETRACTED: Melanin Produced by Bordetella parapertussis Confers a Survival Advantage to the Bacterium during Host Infection by Yukihiro Hiramatsu, Takashi Nishida, Dendi Krisna Nugraha, Fuminori Sugihara, Yasuhiko Horiguchi

“…In an infection assay using macrophages, the hppD-deficient mutant was internalized by THP-1 macrophage-like cells, similar to the wild-type strain, but was less able to survive within the cells, indicating that melanin protects B. parapertussis from intracellular killing in macrophages. …”
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Inhibition of the Ubiquitin-Activating Enzyme UBA1 Suppresses Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice by Jiawei Liao, Xiaolei Yang, Qiuyue Lin, Shuang Liu, Yunpeng Xie, Yunlong Xia, Hui-Hua Li

“…In vitro, PYR-41 blunted ox-LDL-induced lipid deposition and expression of proinflammatory cytokines (Il-1β and Il-6) and NADPH oxidases (Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4) in cultured RAW264.7 macrophages. Conclusions. We demonstrated that UBA1 expression was upregulated and mainly derived from macrophages in the atherosclerotic plaques and inactivation of UBA1 by PYR-41 suppressed atherosclerosis development probably through inhibiting macrophage proinflammatory response and oxidative stress. …”
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Mycobacterium avium Infection of Multinucleated Giant Cells Reveals Association of Bacterial Survival to Autophagy and Cholesterol Utilization by Jayanthi J. Joseph, Amy Leestemaker-Palmer, Soheila Kazemi, Lia Danelishvili, Luiz E. Bermudez

“…Inhibition of autophagy with siRNA significantly reduced M. avium survival significantly in THP-1 macrophages. Depletion of host cholesterol and sphingomyelin in MGCs also resulted in decreased survival of M. avium. …”
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The Liver X Receptor Promotes Immune Homeostasis via Controlled Activation of the Innate Immune System in the Liver by Hiroyuki Nakashima, Bradley M. Kearney, Manabu Kinoshita

“…Liver X receptors (LXRs) induce the expression of cholesterol transporters in macrophages to transport free cholesterol derived from apoptotic cells into extracellular space via high-density lipoproteins. …”
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Physalin B Suppresses Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 Cells by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling by Yanjun Yang, Lang Yi, Qing Wang, Bingbing Xie, Congwei Sha, Yan Dong

“…Physalin B effects on RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were observed in this study. …”
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Induction of Cell Activation Processes by Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields by Myrtill Simkó

“…Furthermore, EMF is also shown as a stimulus for immune relevant cells (e.g., macrophages) to release free radicals. It is known that chronic activation of macrophages is associated with the onset of phagocytosis and leads to increased formation of reactive oxygen species, which themselves may cause DNA damage and are suggested to lead to carcinogenesis. …”
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Roles of NET Peptides With Known Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity in Immune Response by Sinan Cebeci, Tuba Polat, Nihan Ünübol

“…Specifically, the study investigated how different concentrations of these peptides influence the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in mouse macrophages. Among the synthesized peptides, NET1 and NET2 demonstrated low cytotoxicity in TIB-71 RAW 264.7 macrophages. …”
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RAGE is a Potential Cause of Onset and Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Kamyar Asadipooya, Kamran B. Lankarani, Rishi Raj, Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi

“…The immune system, especially macrophages, has an important defense mechanism against RAGE pathway activities. …”
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Antigen Presentation in the Gut by W Doe, P Pavli

“…Candidate antigen-presenting cells in the gut include dendritic cells, macrophages, B lymphocytes, mucosal epithelial cells and endothelial cells. …”
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HIF-1α and VEGF Immunophenotypes as Potential Biomarkers in the Prognosis and Evaluation of Treatment Efficacy of Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature by Dimitra P. Vageli, Panagiotis G. Doukas, Dimitrios Georgiou, Michailangelos P. Prokopiou, Nefeli E. Ladaki, Androniki Papadopoulou, Sotirios G. Doukas, Konstantina Zacharouli, Konstantinos P. Makaritsis, Maria Ioannou

“…In contrast, stable overexpression of VEGF in macrophages correlates with reduced hyperplasia after arterial injury, reduced foam cell formation, and attenuation of atherosclerosis progression. …”
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In Vivo Quantitative Measurement of Arthritis Activity Based on Hydrophobically Modified Glycol Chitosan in Inflammatory Arthritis: More Active than Passive Accumulation by Kyeong Soon Park, Jin Hee Kang, Keum Hee Sa, Hee Beom Koo, Hyun Jung Cho, Eon Jeong Nam, In Chan Youn, Kwang Meyung Kim, In San Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Kui Won Choi, Young Mo Kang

“…We demonstrated that arthritis could be visualized noninvasively using hydrophobically modified glycol chitosan nanoparticles labeled with Cy5.5 (HGC-Cy5.5) and an optical imaging system. Activated macrophages expressing Mac-1 molecules effectively phagocytosed HGC-Cy5.5, which formed spherical nanoparticles under physiologic conditions. …”
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Chronic-Alcohol-Abuse-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Yan Liang, Samantha M. Yeligar, Lou Ann S. Brown

“…Alcohol-induced GSH depletion or oxidation was associated with impaired functions of alveolar type II cells and alveolar macrophages but could be reversed by restoring GSH pools in the alveolar lining fluid. …”
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Topical Administration Effect of Sargassum duplicatum and Garcinia mangostana Extracts Combination on Open Wound Healing Process in Diabetic Mice by Dwi Winarni, Fitria Nikmatul Husna, Muhammad Farraz Syadzha, Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat Susilo, Suhailah Hayaza, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori, Mochammad Amin Alamsjah, Muhamad Nur Ghoyatul Amin, Pugar Arga Christina Wulandari, Pratiwi Pudjiastuti, Khalijah Awang

“…The wound healing process was determined by wound width, the number of neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and collagen density. …”
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Molecular Imaging of Cathepsin B Proteolytic Enzyme Activity Reflects the Inflammatory Component of Atherosclerotic Pathology and Can Quantitatively Demonstrate the Antiatheroscler... by Dong-Eog Kim, Jeong-Yeon Kim, Dawid Schellingerhout, Soo-Min Shon, Sang-Wuk Jeong, Eo-Jin Kim, Woo Kyung Kim

“…Cathepsin B (CatB) proteases secreted by macrophages play a major role in plaque inflammation. …”
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Mechanisms of Chronic State of Inflammation as Mediators That Link Obese Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Syndrome by Eduardo Fuentes, Francisco Fuentes, Gemma Vilahur, Lina Badimon, Iván Palomo

“…Adiponectin can either act directly on macrophages to shift polarization and/or prime human monocytes into alternative M2-macrophages with anti-inflammatory properties. …”
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Unconventional secretion of unglycosylated ORF8 is critical for the cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection. by Xiaoyuan Lin, Beibei Fu, Yan Xiong, Na Xing, Weiwei Xue, Dong Guo, Mohamed Zaky, Krishna Pavani, Dusan Kunec, Jakob Trimpert, Haibo Wu

“…Conventionally secreted ORF8 is glycosylated and loses the ability to recognize interleukin 17 receptor A of macrophages, possibly due to the steric hindrance imposed by N-glycosylation at Asn78. …”
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Intercellular TIMP-1-CD63 signaling directs the evolution of immune escape and metastasis in KRAS-mutated pancreatic cancer cells by Chu-An Wang, Ya-Chin Hou, Yi-Kai Hong, Yu-Jing Tai, Chieh Shen, Pei-Chi Hou, Jhao-Lin Fu, Cheng-Lin Wu, Siao Muk Cheng, Daw-Yang Hwang, Yung-Yeh Su, Yan-Shen Shan, Shaw-Jenq Tsai

“…Digital spatial profiling analysis of PDAC samples demonstrates the colocalization of TIMP-1high macrophages and CD63high cancer cells. The presence of TIMP-1high macrophages and CD63high epithelial cells correlates with poor prognosis in PDAC. …”
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Antrodia cinnamomea ameliorates neointimal formation by inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration through downregulation of adhesion molecule expression in vitro and in vivo by Yan Zhang, Aijin Ma, Hao Xi, Ning Chen, Rong Wang, Chenhui Yang, Jinbang Chen, Pin Lv, Fuping Zheng, Wenyi Kang

“…We also show that EEAC ameliorated TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p65 and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in both vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and macrophages in vitro. Mechanistically, EEAC suppressed expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) in VSMCs, which attenuates the ability of monocytes/macrophages adhesion to VSMCs. …”
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Spatial tumor immune heterogeneity facilitates subtype co-existence and therapy response in pancreatic cancer by Lukas Klein, Mengyu Tu, Niklas Krebs, Laura Urbach, Daniela Grimm, Muhammad Umair Latif, Frederike Penz, Anna Blandau, Xueyan Wu, Rebecca Diya Samuel, Stefan Küffer, Florian Wegwitz, Nathan Chan, Kazeera Aliar, Foram Vyas, Uday Kishore, Elisabeth Hessmann, Andreas Trumpp, Elisa Espinet, Argyris Papantonis, Rama Khokha, Volker Ellenrieder, Barbara T. Grünwald, Shiv K. Singh

“…This dichotomous regulation is amplified via regional TNF-α+ macrophages, which associates with a reactive phenotype and reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration in patients. …”
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