Delay-Modulated RF Tag System Concept Using Ultrawideband Noise Radar Waveforms by Qihe Pan, Ram M. Narayanan

“…Radio frequency (RF) tags have been widely used in inventory tracking, environmental monitoring, battlefield situational awareness, and combat identification due to their low cost, small size, and wireless functionality. This paper explores the application of active RF tags in outdoor environments responding to random noise radar interrogations with predetermined messages. …”
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Picosecond precision time‐of‐flight digital converter by G. Wieczorek, W. Oliwa

“…TOF digital converter requires minimum amount of resources and is suitable for low‐cost applications.…”
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Adoption of Social Media by Small- and Medium-Sized Healthcare Enterprises by Silvia Zilber, Sonia Monken, Filipe Quevedo-Silva

“…Social media such as YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter can affect the way healthcare providers deliver their services. As low-cost tools, their use by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the healthcare sector could deliver competitive advantages. …”
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Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater Using a Natural Nanoporous Adsorbent: Experimental, Kinetic and Optimization Studies by Utkarsh Maheshwari, Suresh Gupta

“…In the present work, a nanoporous adsorbent prepared from low-cost neem bark is used for the removal of chromium (VI) ions from wastewater. …”
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Efficient hybrid-encryption-based optimistic Mix-net protocol by Long-hai LI, Cheng-qiang HUANG, Shang-mei XU, Shao-feng FU

“…An efficient hybrid-encryption-based Mix-net is presented that is much faster than all previous Mix-nets with public verifiability when all mix-servers execute the mixing protocol honestly (the usual case).The improvement by taking an “optimistic” and hash-based approach to verify the correctness of mixing is achieved without requiring complex and costly zero-knowledge proofs.Only two element-wise testing processes with low-cost computations of hash functions are involved to make certain messages are not manipulated by a cheating server.An efficient integration of public-key and symmetric-key operations also speeds up the mixing.As a result,the computational task of each mix-server is almost independent of the number of mix-servers except for some negligible tasks.Anyone can verify the correctness of a result rapidly by computing a few exponentiations.The scheme is robust,too.Those characteristics make it very suitable for large scale electronic voting.…”
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Innovative Design and Application of Pitching Movement Transmission Mechanism in Large-scale Wind Tunnel by Guangfei You, Dewei Zhang, Zhihui Lu, Guoliang Zheng, Yongqiang Qiao, Yanbo Lai

“…The integrated model features low cost and is easy to maintain.…”
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Digital Image Forgery Detection Using JPEG Features and Local Noise Discrepancies by Bo Liu, Chi-Man Pun, Xiao-Chen Yuan

“…Wide availability of image processing software makes counterfeiting become an easy and low-cost way to distort or conceal facts. Driven by great needs for valid forensic technique, many methods have been proposed to expose such forgeries. …”
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Target localization method based on semi-definite relaxation with frequency difference of arrival by MAO Xiaoting, WU Xiaoping

“…The use of frequency measurements to achieve target positioning is characterized by low cost and high reliability. Using only frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) measurements, a precise localization method for static target position was proposed. …”
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Life cycle cost-effectiveness estimation and optimization method for satellite by ZHAO Jianyu, WANG Jingyan, CHENG Zhuo, JIAO Jian, CHENG Yao

“…In order to design satellite with low cost and high effectiveness, an optimization method of life cycle cost-effectiveness for satellites is proposed in this paper. …”
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Analysis of Drilling of Coir Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Composites Using Multifaceted Drill Bit by T. V. Rajamurugan, C. Rajaganapathy, S. P. Jani, Claris Snigdha Gurram, Haiter Lenin Allasi, Samson Zerihun Damtew

“…Biodegradable fiber-reinforced composite materials are one of the prime attractions to the researcher due to their easy availability and low cost. During drilling of these Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastic composites (NFRP), delamination and surface roughness are the problems encountered, which are to be minimized to get better output by adopting different cutting conditions and tools. …”
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Research on the Compound Crank-link Mechanism with Precise Sine Output Characteristics by Xiao Yong, Zhang Rui, Zou Zhengyao, Lu Junfeng

“…The research results show that the mechanism reduces the velocity-time errors of a single crank-link mechanism from 25% to less than 1%, which can meet the requirements of low cost in the initial test of products such as tidal energy power generation devices and automobile suspension vibrations. …”
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Design of an Impulse Radiating Antenna Using a Curved TEM-Wire Fed Parabola by Donghyun Lee, Haengseon Lee, Sunmook Hwang, Jaewoon Ahn

“…A design procedure for a TEM-wire fed parabolic antenna is given for impulse radiation, which is suitable for low cost fabrication. A simple wire-type TEM horn and a parabolic reflector are used to achieve ultra-wide bandwidth and high directivity at the same time. …”
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF COOLING FLUID VARIATION ON THE THERMOELECTRIC HOT SIDE ON THERMOELECTRIC VACCINE COOLER BOX PERFORMANCE by Novreza Pratama, Imron Rosyadi, Hadi Wahyudi, M. Haykal Fasya

“…Thermoelectric cooling systems (TECs) are a solution that is simple, lightweight, low cost, and portable. Excessively high hot-side temperatures can be detrimental to operators and the environment during distribution processes. …”
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Equilibrium Isotherm Modeling, Kinetics and Thermodynamics Study for Removal of Lead from Waste Water by Z. Chowdhury, S. M. Zain, A. K. Rashid

“…The low cost adsorbent palm oil fuel ash (POFA) derived from an agricultural waste material was investigated as a replacement of current expensive methods for treating wastewater contaminated by Pb(II) cation. …”
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Multi-objective Reliability Optimization of NGW Type Reducer of the Road-rail Vehicle by Wen Junhu, Zheng Wei, Hao Shuai

“…Aiming at the problem of multi-objective reliability optimization for the reducer of road-rail vehicle,firstly,it must be ensured that the electric wheel planetary gear reducer is in good working order and loading conditions meet the requirements of transmission.By applying the reliability theory and optimization design technology,the reducer weight reduction,materials saving,low cost can be realized safety and reliability is improved.The MATLAB optimization toolbox is used to solve the problem of the optimization of reducer.Taking the volume and contact ratio as multi-objective optimization function,then the multi-objective optimization problem is transformed into single-objective problem to solve by the linear weighted method.The mathematical model is established by using the safety factor method and other constraints.By using Fmincon function,the optimizing calculation and analysis are carried out,the optimal solution is got,which makes the optimization design parameters more reasonable than the original design parameters.Consequently,the results show that the working performance of the electric wheel of the road-rail vehicle is improved.…”
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Integrated communication and positioning system enabled by fusing visible light and RF by Yanbing YANG, Chao HU, Bangyan LU, Pinpin ZHANG, Yimao SUN, Guanyu CHEN

“…Aiming at the problem that in the hybrid visible light and RF network, such as the traditional user switching scheme leveraging received signal strength and ignoring the user switching error rate, a location-based user switching scheme was proposed.Specifically, an integrated communication and positioning system built upon low-cost IoT chip ESP32 was designed, which could fuse both visible light communication downlink and Wi-Fi uplink signals for accurate user location.A communication and positioning integration framework utilizing time-frequency multiplexing was designed, which used a neural network to estimate the user’s position, and the user completed the switching based on the estimated position.In terms of communication, the throughput of the system can reach up to 35 kbit/s.In terms of positioning, the positioning accuracy of the system can reach 2.8 cm, making a 33% improvement over traditional system.Compared with the switching scheme relying on received signal strength, user switching error rate of the proposed scheme is reduced by 4%.…”
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Recent Advances in Electrochemical Glycobiosensing by Germarie Sánchez-Pomales, Rebecca A. Zangmeister

“…Although the prevalent methods of glycan analysis (high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) provide detailed identification and structural analysis of glycan species, there are significantly few low-cost, rapid glycan assays available for diagnostic and screening applications. …”
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Integrating IoT Technology for Improved Distribution Transformer Monitoring and Protection by Rehman Sadiq Ur, Khan Adeel

“…The traditional methods of transformer protection and monitoring have proven to be inefficient and time-consuming, leading to the need for a more modern and effective solution. In this study, a low-cost prototype system is proposed to handle and control the main functions and problems of the distribution transformer through the internet. …”
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Recent Advancements in the Synthesis of Functional Polyolefins by Non-Bridged Half-Titanocenes by Yanjun Chen, Haiqian Dong

“…Polyolefins are used widely due to their benefits such as being lightweight, chemical inertness, low cost, tunable properties, and easy processability. …”
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Applications of Google Trends as a Data Source for Statistical Models by Klaudia Lenart

“…A definite advantage of using search popularity data is the immediate availability and low cost of obtaining such data. Also of significance is the fact that the Google Trends tool allows for direct research into the behaviour of Internet users, and not just their declarations as in the case of a survey. …”
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