Distinctive Delta and Theta Responses in Deductive and Probabilistic Reasoning by Emir Faruk Sevim, Yasin Yildirim, Esra Ünsal, Esra Dalmizrak, Bahar Güntekin

“…In deductive reasoning, certain conclusions are drawn from premises by applying the rules of logic. On the other hand, in probabilistic reasoning, possible conclusions are drawn by interpreting the semantic content of arguments. …”
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Characterization of fruit production and market performance in northwest Ethiopia by Mengistie Mossie, Alemseged Gerezgiher, Zemen Ayalew, Zerihun Nigussie, Asres Elias

“…For instance, seasonally, market prices vary depending on the quality and quantity of fruit products available on the market. Stemming from this logical ground, this study is initiated with the objective of characterizing production systems and market performance of fruits in Ethiopia, focusing on apple and mango crops. …”
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Archéologie d’un jardin de sculptures du xxe siècle by Aline Gheysens

“…If it matters so much to create such a modus operandi, between arts and sciences, it is because this garden asks questions to which we can answer only through these multiple approaches : first of all we shall understand the underlying logic of the organisation of this space – which does not results from a preliminary plan but was built little by little, organically. …”
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The European Union’s Policies Towards Iraq (2014–2020) by L. D. Oganisyan

“…However, these efforts have not yet been explored in depth by the Russian experts, who traditionally focus on the EU relations with the Southern Mediterranean countries.The author aims to reveal the logic behind the evolution of the European Union’s policy towards Iraq since 2014, as well as its impact on the EU assistance programmes to this country. …”
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Military doctrine in the state-legal paradigm of OUN-UPА by Svorak S., Ilyn L.

“…The methodology includes the complex use of the problem-chronological approach, the principles of objectivity and historicism, as well as critical, comparative, logical, formal-legal and formal-historical methods. …”
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Representation of an aggrieved legal entity that has suffered damage as a result of a criminal offence at the stage of pre-trial investigation by I. O. Iemets

“…The emphasis is placed on the fact that, given the laws of formal logic, it may be subject to an extended interpretation, and therefore is the basis for the formation of ambiguous case law. …”
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Monitoring by the Ombudsman of Ukraine for compliance with the labor rights of civilians who have disappeared under special circumstances by S. F. Konstantinov

“…Achieving the outlined goal became possible thanks to the use of a complex of methods of scientific knowledge: dialectical, comparative-legal, formal-logical, systemic-structural. On the basis of the conducted analysis, it was established that the legal norms that guarantee the preservation of the labor rights of the investigated category of employees are imperfect, which prevents the proper realization of the constitutionally guaranteed labor rights of employees who are missing. …”
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Formation of Students’ Intercultural Competency on the Basis of the Textocentric Approach by N. N. Klementsova

“…The established correlation of textual skills, indicating a number of activities fundamental for self-realization of the students, with the components of their intercultural competency indicates the possibility of using textual activity in forming intercultural competency, determining its structural components and substantiating a component-by-component assessment in order to identify the level of its formation.The experimental testing embracing 460 students of Kaliningrad State Technical University involved the use of the technology algorithm providing for logically structured textual activity in foreign language classes, as well as training and methodological support of the technology provided by the university.Diagnostics of the competency formation level was carried out using the author’s method of express and detailed diagnostics. …”
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British Policy and Strategy in the Middle East in 1941: Three Wars ‘East of Suez’ by A. M. Fomin

“…The author examines three episodes of Great Britain’s struggle for the Middle East in 1941 (Iraq, Syria, Iran), framing them into the general logic of the German-British confrontation during this period.The author emphasizes that potential assertion of German hegemony in the Middle East could have made the defense of Suez almost impossible, as well as the communication with India, and would have provided the Reich with an access to almost inexhaustible supplies of fuel. …”
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Systematic review of educational interventions to improve the menstrual health of young adolescent girls by Frances Griffiths, Bronwyn Harris, Chinwe Onuegbu, Rebecca Lane Evans

“…A meta-analysis was conducted on a subset of articles, and the effect size of the intervention was calculated using Cohen’s d. A logic model was constructed to frame the effect of menstrual education interventions on menstrual health.Setting Papers reporting on interventions in high-income and low-income and middle-income countries were sought.Information sources Seven electronic databases were searched for English-language entries that were published between January 2014 and May 2020.Participants The interventions were aimed at younger adolescent girls aged 10–14 years old.Interventions The interventions were designed to improve the menstrual health of the recipients, by addressing one or more elements of menstrual knowledge, attitude or practices (KAP).Eligibility criteria Interventions that had not been evaluated were excluded.Primary and secondary outcomes The most common type of output was a difference in knowledge or skill score ascertained from a pre and post test. …”
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The principle of “dolus specialis” and the problem of proving the genocidal actions of the russian federation in Ukraine by Andrukhiv O.

“…The method of historical and legal analysis was also used to study the development of the genocide doctrine and the formal logical method to assess the evidence base of the Russian Federation’s actions in Ukraine. …”
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Instrumental aspects of proportionality in civil proceedings by O. H. Bortnik, T. V. Stepanenko

“…The application of proportionality in the version of the test, in which the procedure for solving the case (committing a procedural action) is based on a factual (pragmatic) approach in combination with a procedural institutional approach, allows the application of relatively defined legal norms, in relation to which the rules of deontic logic do not apply.…”
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THE CONCEPT OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT by V. V. Khmil, O. M. Korkh

“…The research is based on historical and logical methods, which allowed to theoretically reconstruct the cultural and historical context, as well as philosophical and theoretical principles of understanding and recognition of self-determination as a phenomenon of Western culture of the Enlightenment age. …”
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International Aspects of Investment Liberalization in the PRC: A Case of EU-China Cooperation by D. A. Potapov

“…Even though the EU has suspended the ratification of this deal on the pretext of human right violations in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the author concludes, that in the future this agreement will come into force, since the very logic of the emerging polycentric world order urges for deeper cooperation between the EU and China. …”
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A novel FPGA‐Based Bi input‐reduced order extended Kalman filter for speed‐sensorless direct torque control of induction motor with constant switching frequency controller by Remzi Inan

“…The HIL emulator of the speed‐sensorless drive system of IM is implemented on FPGA using the advantage of hand‐written VHDL on getting an optimal logical design to reduce the sampling time which directly effects the estimation performance of the model‐based estimator like the novel BI‐ROEKF and hence the control performance of drive system. …”
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A performance-based generative design framework based on a design grammar for high-rise office towers during early design stage by Liwei Chen, Ye Zhang, Yue Zheng

“…Designed from the perspective of architects, the framework achieves logical, refined, and visual real-time interaction between computers and human minds during the early stages of tower design. …”
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BEING AS A SYMBOLIC REALITY: A SOCIOCULTURAL CROSS-SECTION OF THE ANALYSIS by Юлія БРОДЕЦЬКА

“…However, if the idea is the archetype that we carry in our souls, then eidos is the logical structure of this idea. This means that eidos has a differential nature, and idea – an integral nature. …”
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Monitoring by the Ombudsman of Ukraine for compliance with the labor rights of civilians who have disappeared under special circumstances by Yu. F. Ivanov, M. V. Ivanova

“…Achieving the outlined goal became possible thanks to the use of a complex of methods of scientific knowledge: dialectical, comparative-legal, formal-logical, systemic-structural. On the basis of the conducted analysis, it was established that the legal norms that guarantee the preservation of the labor rights of the investigated category of employees are imperfect, which prevents the proper realization of the constitutionally guaranteed labor rights of employees who are missing. …”
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Objects of forensic documentary science by V. S. Sezonov

“…The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical, formal-logical, formal-legal approaches, and a number of general scientific methods (historical, functional, praxeological). …”
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Juridical facts in housing law by V. A. Kroitor

“…Achieving the research purpose became possible through the usage of a set of general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, in particular, the dialectical, axiological, structural and logical, formal and legal methods were used. Juridical facts in the field of housing law are the dynamic legal category that is constantly being changed and updated under the influence of various external factors. …”
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