Updates in Biliary Atresia: Aetiology, Diagnosis and Surgery by Mark Davenport

“…Affected infants present with a triad of conjugated jaundice, pale stools, and dark urine and may have hepatosplenomegaly upon examination, with later ascites coincident with the onset of progressive liver disease. Rapid, efficient, and expeditious diagnosis is essential with the initial treatment being surgical, typically with an attempt to restore the bile flow (Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE)) or primary liver transplantation (<5%) if considered futile. …”
Get full text

Noninvasive Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis in a Sample of Putative Inactive HBV Carriers in Rome, Italy by Marco Delle Monache, Alessio Petrelli, Alessandra Rossi, Roberto Cecere, Concetta Mirisola, Gianfranco Costanzo, Chiara Francia, Federica Cerini, Andrea Cavani, Lorenzo Nosotti

“…To investigate the risk of progression of the liver disease, liver stiffness (LS) and HBV-DNA were monitored over time. …”
Get full text

Five-Year Prospective Follow-Up of Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents by Zhang Y, Xia H, Fan L, Jiang L, Yang B, Wang F

“…This research monitored occurrences of virological relapse, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mortality, and liver disease progression. The annualized incidence rates (AIRs), cumulative incidence rates of adverse events and risk factors were investigated. …”
Get full text

Effects of pesticide dichlorvos on liver injury in rats and related toxicity mechanisms by Pengcheng Zhang, Zixian Zhou, Jiaqi Yao, Yuhong Jiang, Hang Lei, Zhijun Xie, Juan Li, Xianlin Zhao, Lv Zhu, Meihua Wan, Ling Liu, Wenfu Tang

“…Recent epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to DDVP correlates with an increased incidence of liver disease. However, data regarding the hepatotoxicity of DDVP remain limited. …”
Get full text

Holotranscobalamin Is a Useful Marker of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Alcoholics by Alberto Fragasso, Clara Mannarella, Angela Ciancio, Oronzo Scarciolla, Nicoletta Nuzzolese, Rocco Clemente, Eustachio Vitullo, Andrea Sacco

“…Falsely increased values of Cbl can be caused by alcoholic liver disease. Measurement of total vitamin B12 serum levels might be misleading in alcoholics, because a tissue metabolic deficiency is possible even with normal serum Cbl levels. …”
Get full text

Autoimmune hepatitis: new in diagnostics, a pathogenesis and treatment by Ye. N. Shirokova, K. V. Ivashkin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…AIH is a chronic inflammatory liver disease which is characterized by destruction of terminal plate by mononuclear infiltrate (interface hepatitis) according to histological investigation, hypergammaglobulinemia and production of autoantibodies. …”
Get full text

The Role of Genetic and Immune Factors for the Pathogenesis of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Childhood by Priscila Menezes Ferri, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva, Soraya Luiza Campos Silva, Diego Junior Queiroga de Aquino, Eleonora Druve Tavares Fagundes, Débora Marques de Miranda, Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira

“…Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the biliary tree resulting in liver fibrosis. …”
Get full text

Wilson’s Disease: Diagnosis of Wilson’s Disease in Ethiopian Young Sisters by Nebiyu Bekele, Frew Ewnetu, Tigest Hailu, Zerubabel Tegegne, Abilo Tadesse

“…Both siblings had visible ocular Kayser–Fleischer rings, low serum ceruloplasmin level and increased urinary copper content, ultrasound-evidenced cirrhotic liver disease, and axial T2-weighted MRI hyperintensities in basal ganglia, thalamus, and brainstem (midbrain and pons). …”
Get full text

Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Both Fibrolamellar and Classical Components: An Unusual Morphological Pattern by Diana Castro-Villabón, Luis E. Barrera-Herrera, Paula A. Rodríguez-Urrego, Rachel Hudacko, Alonso Vera, Johanna Álvarez, Rafael Andrade, Rocío López

“…It is usually seen in young adults without underlying liver disease. Histologically, it shows large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and lamellar type fibrosis. …”
Get full text

Effects of natural products on macrophage immunometabolism: A new frontier in the treatment of metabolic diseases by Jiani Li, Chen Guo, Xiaofei Yang, Weinan Xie, Wenjing Mi, Chenglong Hua, Cheng Tang, Han Wang

“…Dysregulation of macrophage immunometabolism has been closely implicated in several metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypertension, atherosclerosis, and gout, which positions macrophages as potential therapeutic targets. …”
Get full text

Meteorin-like alleviates hepatic steatosis by regulating hepatic triglyceride secretion and fatty acid oxidation by Lingyu Song, Yali Huang, Lu Liu, Xuebing Chang, Laying Hu, Guifang Wang, Lifen Xu, Tian Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Ying Xiao, Hong Yang, Suye Ran, Qing Shi, Tuanlao Wang, Mingjun Shi, Yuxia Zhou, Bing Guo

“…Summary: Amid a rising prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), there is still an unmet need to better treat it. …”
Get full text

Energy Expenditure in Infants in Health and Disease by Ross Shepherd

“…In disease states with altered body composition, such as cystic fibrosis and end-stage liver disease, predictive equations markedly underestimate both energy and fluid requirements. …”
Get full text

A Case of Glycogenic Hepatopathy as a Complication of Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Samhitha Munugoti, Vamsee Reddy, Gaurav Patel, Maneesh Gaddam, Triveni Abburi

“…This case report describes how patterns and trends of liver function tests provide important clues to the diagnosis of GH; how imaging modalities like ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan could be used to differentiate GH from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); and how the diagnosis of GH can be made without the need for invasive liver biopsy. …”
Get full text

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Lipid Droplet Formation and Type II Diabetes by Xuebao Zhang, Kezhong Zhang

“…The excessive deposition of lipid droplets (LDs) in specialized cell types, such as adipocytes, hepatocytes, and macrophages, has been found as a hallmark in ER stress-associated metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis. However, much work remains to be done in understanding the mechanism by which ER stress response regulates LD formation and the pathophysiologic role of ER stress-associated LD in metabolic disease. …”
Get full text

Liver Protective Effect of Fenofibrate in NASH/NAFLD Animal Models by Ali Mahmoudi, Seyed Adel Moallem, Thomas P. Johnston, Amirhossein Sahebkar

“…Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is initiated by excessive fat buildup in the liver, affecting around 35% of the world population. …”
Get full text

Improving Survival in Decompensated Cirrhosis by Amar Nath Mukerji, Vishal Patel, Ashokkumar Jain

“…Organ allocation is prioritized for the sickest patients based on Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. In order to improve survival in patients with high MELD score it is imperative to preserve them in suitable condition till transplantation. …”
Get full text

An Update on Less Invasive and Endoscopic Techniques Mimicking the Effect of Bariatric Surgery by Froukje J. Verdam, Ruben Schouten, Jan Willem Greve, Ger H. Koek, Nicole D. Bouvy

“…Obesity (BMI 30–35 kg/m2) and its associated disorders such as type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease have reached pandemic proportions worldwide. …”
Get full text

The Tao of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Toward a Unified Theory of Tissue Regeneration by Kevin D. Bunting, Robert G. Hawley

“…Preclinical amelioration of liver disease and myocardial infarcts by HSC-enriched bone marrow cell populations raises the possibility that HSC transplants have the potential to provide therapeutic benefit for a wide variety of diseases. …”
Get full text

Protective Effects of Celastrol on Diabetic Liver Injury via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats by Li-ping Han, Chun-jun Li, Bei Sun, Yun Xie, Yue Guan, Ze-jun Ma, Li-ming Chen

“…We firstly found that celastrol treatment could delay the progression of diabetic liver disease in type 2 diabetic rats via inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling cascade pathways and its downstream inflammatory effectors.…”
Get full text

Mouse Models of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Head-to-Head Comparison of Dietary Models and Impact on Inflammation and Animal Welfare by Andreas Kroh, Vanina Ivanova, Hannah Drescher, Julia Andruszkow, Thomas Longerich, Jochen Nolting, Roman Eickhoff, D. Heise, Karl P. Rheinwalt, Ulf P. Neumann, Florian T. Ulmer

“…The WD represents a model of advanced-stage NASH, and the HFD60 is a strong model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome. However, the CAFD should not be considered a NASH model.…”
Get full text