INTENSITY OF NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHESIS IN THE BLOOD OF RATS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SODIUM FLUORIDE by I.L. Kolisnyk

“…It is known that when the rate of free radical reactions in the body increases, NO can react with a superoxide anion radical to form peroxynitrite, a highly reactive compound with destructive properties against proteins and lipids. Oral administration of FN to rats in doses of 1/10 and 1/100 DL50 leads to an increase in the content of nitrite and nitrate anions in the blood plasma during the first 30 days, which indirectly indicates excess production of nitric oxide, which in the initial stages of intoxication may play a compensatory role, but subsequently cause pathological reactions associated with the activation of oxidative stress. …”
Get full text

Blood Reference Intervals for Antillean Manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) from Puerto Rico by Antonio A. Mignucci-Giannoni, Mayela M. Alsina-Guerrero

“…These analytes were grouped based on six physiologic processes: liver-associated enzymes and pigments; muscle-associated enzymes; kidney-associated compounds and products; sugars, lipids, and pancreatic-associated enzymes; proteins; and electrolytes. …”
Get full text

Proximate Analysis of Poultry-Mix Formed Feed Using Maize Bran as a Base by Solagbade Saheed Afolabi, John Oluwafemi Oyeyode, Wasswa Shafik, Zubair. A. Sunusi, Adegoke Abdullahi Adeyemi

“…The following was revealed in a proximate analysis of the feeds: moisture ranged from 1.18% to 1.54%, unrefined lipids 0.99–3.08%, total carbohydrate 57% to 72%, ash content 38.48% to 38.92%, unrefined protein 18.38% to 22.53% and unrefined fiber 2.0% to 4.65% respectively for broilers and layers. …”
Get full text

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: Establishment of Reference Values for Isoprostanes, AOPP, and NPBI in Cord Blood by Mariangela Longini, Elisa Belvisi, Fabrizio Proietti, Francesco Bazzini, Giuseppe Buonocore, Serafina Perrone

“…The quantification of OS is based on the measurement of specific biomarkers in biologic fluids and tissues, which reflect induced oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Prostanoids, non–protein-bound iron (NPBI), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are actually considered truly specific and reliable for neonatal injury. …”
Get full text

Antioxidant Potential Overviews of Secondary Metabolites (Polyphenols) in Fruits by Mohammed Sharif Swallah, He Sun, Raïfatou Affoh, Hongling Fu, Hansong Yu

“…Phenolic compounds are of nutritional interest since they aid in the retardation and inhibition of lipids by acting as scavengers that prevent and protect the proliferation of oxidative chains. …”
Get full text

Stability of Human Gallbladder Bile: Effect of Freezing by Paul Janowitz, Richard Mason, Wolfgang Kratzer

“…The authors conclude that, with the exception of the nucleation time, human gallbladder bile can be stored at -18°C for four months with stability of major lipid components.…”
Get full text

Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review by Courtney M. Peterson, Darcy L. Johannsen, Eric Ravussin

“…Mitochondria are the major producers of reactive oxygen species, which damage DNA, proteins, and lipids if not rapidly quenched. Animal and human studies typically show that skeletal muscle mitochondria are altered with aging, including increased mutations in mitochondrial DNA, decreased activity of some mitochondrial enzymes, altered respiration with reduced maximal capacity at least in sedentary individuals, and reduced total mitochondrial content with increased morphological changes. …”
Get full text

Overexpression of the <i>GmPM35</i> Gene Significantly Enhances Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis and Soybean by Xinyu Wang, Yao Sun, Rui Wang, Xinyang Li, Yongyi Li, Tianyu Wang, Zhaohao Guo, Yan Li, Wenxi Qiu, Shuyan Guan, Qi Zhang, Piwu Wang, Mingze Li, Siyan Liu, Xuhong Fan

“…Late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA protein) is a large family of proteins widely distributed in various types of organisms, and this class of proteins plays an important role in protecting proteins, membrane lipids, and lipids inside the cell. The soybean <i>GmPM35</i> gene is a member of the LEA_6 subfamily. …”
Get full text

Metabolomics profiling reveals p-aminobenzoic acid enhances resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat by Yiluo Tan, Kangjun Wang, Mingming Guo, Guangxu Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, Yijun Shi, Maosheng He, Dayong Xu, Feng Chen, Jiwei Fan

“…The majority of these 109 metabolites belonged to alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, lipids and organic acids. The most enriched KEGG pathways were plant hormone signal transduction and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, which may constitute the major defence responses to FHB challenge. …”
Get full text

Chronic Caloric Restriction and Exercise Improve Metabolic Conditions of Dietary-Induced Obese Mice in Autophagy Correlated Manner without Involving AMPK by Mingxia Cui, Han Yu, Jinli Wang, Junjie Gao, Ji Li

“…Then their metabolic conditions were assessed by measuring serum glucose and insulin, serum lipids, and liver function. AMPK phosphorylation and autophagy activity were detected by western blotting. …”
Get full text

Current Evidence for the Use of Smoflipid® Emulsion in Critical Care Patients for Parenteral Nutrition by Alberto A. Leguina-Ruzzi, Rina Ortiz

“…It is composed essentially by lipids as an energy source, metabolic, and structural function. …”
Get full text

Identification of Sphingomyelinase on the Surface of Chlamydia pneumoniae: Possible Role in the Entry into Its Host Cells by Tuula A. Peñate Medina, Juha T. Korhonen, Riitta Lahesmaa, Mirja Puolakkainen, Oula Peñate Medina, Paavo K. J. Kinnunen

“…We have recently suggested a novel mechanism, autoendocytosis, for the entry of certain microbes into their hosts, with a key role played by the sphingomyelinase-catalyzed topical conversion of sphingomyelin to ceramide, the differences in the biophysical properties of these two lipids providing the driving force. The only requirement for such microbes to utilize this mechanism is that they should have a catalytically active SMase on their outer surface while the target cells should expose sphingomyelin in the external leaflet of their plasma membrane. …”
Get full text

Increased Circulating Betatrophin Concentrations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Daniel Espes, Mats Martinell, Per-Ola Carlsson

“…Study participants were characterized with regard to BMI, waist and hip circumference, blood pressure, and fasting plasma blood lipids, creatinine, glucose, HbA1c, and C-peptide. …”
Get full text

Potential Therapies by Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in CNS Diseases: Focusing on the Neurogenic Niche by Alejandro Luarte, Luis Federico Bátiz, Ursula Wyneken, Carlos Lafourcade

“…Stem cells, as well as most cells, release extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, which are nanovesicles able to target specific cell types and thus to modify their function by delivering proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Exosomes have recently been tested in vivo and in vitro as therapeutic conveyors for the treatment of diseases. …”
Get full text

Fecal bacteria transplantation replicates aerobic exercise to reshape the gut microbiota in mice to inhibit high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis. by Jie Men, Hao Li, Chenglong Cui, Xuedi Ma, Penghong Liu, Zhengyang Yu, Xueyan Gong, Youhao Yao, Jieying Ren, Chengrui Zhao, Binyu Song, Kaijiang Yin, Jianting Wu, Wei Liu

“…Our findings revealed that high-fat diet -induced atherosclerosis mice exhibited elevated lipid accumulation, larger adipocyte area, and more severe atherosclerosis progression. …”
Get full text

The Possible Crystallization Process in the Origin of Bacteria, Archaea, Viruses, and Mobile Elements by Akari Yoshimura, Masayuki Seki

“…Both genomes independently recruited lipids to facilitate reactions by forming coacervates at the chamber of the vent. …”
Get full text

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Placental Inflammation and Local Immune Balance by Zengfang Wang, Ruizhen Yang, Jiaojiao Zhang, Pingping Wang, Zengyan Wang, Jian Gao, Xue Liu

“…EVs contain tens to thousands of different RNA, proteins, small molecules, DNA fragments, and bioactive lipids. EV-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins regulate inflammation and trophoblast invasion in the placental microenvironment. …”
Get full text

The Role of Non-Genomic Information in Maintaining Thermodynamic Stability in Living Systems by Robert A. Gatenby, B. Roy Frieden

“…In fact,information theory demonstrates that any cellular structuredescribed by a nonrandom density distribution function may storeand transmit information. Thus, lipids and polysaccharides, whichare both highly structured and non-randomly distributed increasecellular order and potentially contain abundant information aswell as polynucleotides and polypeptides. …”
Get full text

Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of Differential Metabolites in Three Types of Boza Made from Different Raw Materials by WANG Qi, GAO Yan, XUE Juanjuan, ZENG Jun, HUO Xiangdong, ZHAO Zhongkai

“…These differential metabolites mainly included lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and their derivatives, organic heterocyclic compounds, phenylpropanoids, and polyketones. …”
Get full text

New Insights in Genetic Cholestasis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Implications by Eva Sticova, Milan Jirsa, Joanna Pawłowska

“…Hereditary cholestasis is a heterogeneous group of rare autosomal recessive liver disorders, which are characterised by intrahepatic cholestasis, pruritus, and jaundice and caused by defects in genes related to the secretion and transport of bile salts and lipids. Phenotypic manifestation is highly variable, ranging from progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC)—with onset in early infancy and progression to end-stage liver disease—to a milder intermittent mostly nonprogressive form known as benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC). …”
Get full text