Titrimetric and Spectrophotometric Determination of Metaprolol tartrate in Pharmaceuticals Using N-Bromosuccinimide by K. Basavaiah, B. C. Somashekar

“…In spectrophotometry, the measured absorbance is found to increase linearly with the concentration of MPT serving as basis for quantitation. …”
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Molecularly Imprinted Nanomicrospheres as Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersant Combined with Gas Chromatography for Determination of Four Phosphorothioate Pesticides in Carrot and Yacon by Mengchun Zhou, Nana Hu, Shaohua Shu, Mo Wang

“…Under the optimized conditions, a good linearity of four pesticides was obtained in a range of 0.05–17.0 ng·g−1 with R varying from 0.9971 to 0.9996, and the detection limit of the method was 0.012~0.026 ng·g−1 in carrot and yacon samples. …”
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A fully differential switched‐capacitor integrator based programmable resolution hybrid ADC architecture for biomedical applications by Sreenivasulu Polineni, Rekha S., M. S. Bhat

“…A mathematical relationship showing the effect of mismatch of capacitors on ADC linearity is derived. A fully differential folded cascode operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) operating in a weak inversion region is designed using gm/ID technique with programmable unity gain bandwidth and slew rate. …”
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An Analytical Solution for Non-Darcian Flow on a Constant Head Packer Test in the Interlayer Staggered Zone by Qi Shen, Zhifang Zhou, Meng Chen, Sijia Li, Zhe Wang, Yabing Li

“…A novel analytic model is proposed in this study for describing the unsteady non-Darcian flow in a confined aquifer by taking advantage of the observed flow rate and injection pressure during the constant head packer test. A linearization approximation of the Izbash equation is used to approximate the nonlinear term in the governing equation. …”
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Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Deep Buried Granite under Different Confining Pressures by Jun Zhao, Tan Zhang

“…The experimental results show the follows: (1) under the same confining pressure, the peak strength, crack initiation stress, crack damage stress, and Poisson’s ratio of the specimens under cyclic loading and unloading are larger than those under conventional triaxial loading and unloading, and the unloading elastic modulus is smaller than that, under conventional triaxial compression; (2) the results show that, under different confining pressures, the granite samples show obvious brittle failure characteristics, the elastic modulus and crack initiation stress increase first and then decrease with the confining pressure, the peak strength and crack damage stress of the samples increase linearly with the confining pressure, and Poisson’s ratio increases first and then remains unchanged with the confining pressure; (3) under the two kinds of stress conditions, the macroscopic failure of the samples is mainly shear failure. …”
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Conjugation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids to Bicyclic-Amines for Analysis by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectroscopy by Daniel N. Darlington

“…Using this method, standard curves were generated that show good linearity (r2 > 0.99) in the nM and μM range with lower limits of detection between 40 and 229 nM for a 10 μL sample. …”
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Mortality of Post-COVID-19 Condition: 2025 Update by Giuseppe Lippi, Fabian Sanchis-Gomar

“…A clear age-related mortality gradient was observed, with rates increasing almost linearly with advancing age. The largest fraction of post-COVID-19 deaths occurred at home (33.0%), followed by nursing homes (26.3%) and medical facilities (24.1%). …”
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Influence of Axle Load on the Wear of Railway Wheel Material by Hewan Getachew Yenealem, Daniel T. Redda, Awel Mohammedseid

“…In normalized UIC 50 kg/m rail and S1002 wheel profile, the wear rate increases linearly from 5110.02, 9997.87, and 18990.17 mm3/km on 11, 21, and 30 tones applied load, respectively. …”
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Quantum complexity phase transitions in monitored random circuits by Ryotaro Suzuki, Jonas Haferkamp, Jens Eisert, Philippe Faist

“…Below a critical measurement rate, the complexity grows at least linearly in time until saturating to a value $e^{\Omega(n)}$. …”
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Online Voltage Regulation With Minimum Disturbance for Distribution Grid Without System Knowledge by Hamad Alduaij, Yang Weng

“…Based on such a proposal, we superposed the design with a physical kernel to embed system non-linearity from power flow equations. These designs lead to a highly robust adaptive online policy, which reduces the perturbation gradually but monotonically based on the optimal control guarantee. …”
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Simultaneous Determination of Nine Neonicotinoid Insecticides and Five Metabolites in Meat by QuEChERS Coupled with Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectro... by LIN Binbin, YANG Zhijin, HUANG Xuliang, LIN Xiaolian

“…The results showed that the calibration curves for all analytes had a good linearity with correlation coefficients (r) more than 0.995. …”
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Mechanical Behavior and Calculation Method for RC Fifteen-Pile Cap of Mixed Passenger and Freight Railway Bridge by Hongmeng Huang, Lu Cui, Wei Lu

“…Results indicated that ultimate load-bearing value of the cap increased linearly with the increase of concrete strength grade, and an increasing load-bearing capacity of the reinforcement distributed in the pile diameter range was larger than that of the uniform reinforcement; when the reinforcement ratio was 0.15%, it increased by 9.3%. …”
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Determination of Isoflavones in Soybean Flour by Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion Extraction and Liquid Chromatography with UV-Diode Array Detection by Antonella Aresta, Pietro Cotugno, Federica Massari, Carlo Zambonin

“…All the calibration curves showed good linearity within the concentration range 0.02–2 μg/ml. …”
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Application of CZE Method in Routine Analysis for Determination of B-Complex Vitamins in Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Preparations by Marina Franco, Renata Jasionowska, Elisa Salvatore

“…Precision of migration time and corrected peak area, linearity range, LOD and LOQ, accuracy (recovery), robustness, and ruggedness were evaluated for each analyte demonstrating the good reliability of the method. …”
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Conventional Rapid Latex Agglutination in Estimation of von Willebrand Factor: Method Revisited and Potential Clinical Applications by Marianor Mahat, Wan Zaidah Abdullah, Che Maraina Che Hussin

“…Reproducibility, stability, linearity, limit of detection, interference, and method comparison studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of this test. …”
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Evaporative Cracking Characteristics of the Embankment Soil Affected by the Saline Concentration by Jiawei Liu, Yingzhi Xia, Hui Li, Guoping Hu, Mingming Hu

“…The results showed that the moisture content decreased linearly with the drying time in the early evaporation process, subsequently decreased slow down in the mid-term evaporation, and finally become got and remain a residual moisture content, which are 46.39%, 44.05%, 42.70%, and 40.27% with the increase of the saline concentration. …”
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An Indirect Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Chelate Formation with Palladium(II) by Ameen W. Qasim, Zuhair A. A. Khammas

“…Under optimized conditions, linearity was observed in the range of 0.5-17 μg mL-1 with detection limit (S/N) of 0.038 μg mL-1, precision in range of 1.18-1.92%, accuracy as the %Erel of 2.4% and recoveries ranged from 101.7 to 104% with mean value of 102.4±0.135. …”
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Neural Network-Based Lower Limb Prostheses Control Using Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control by Adisu Tadese Demora, Chala Merga Abdissa

“…The triggering signal is extracted from the user’s muscles and intense signal preprocessing that includes filtering, rectification, linearization, and Mean Average Value (MAV) feature extraction. …”
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Robust adaptive optimization for sustainable water demand prediction in water distribution systems by Ke Wang, Jiayang Meng, Zhangquan Wang, Kehua Zhao, Banteng Liu

“…The RAOD strategy leverages the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEEMD) to preprocess the water demand series, mitigating the effects of non-stationarity and non-linearity. To further enhance the model’s robustness, an innovative optimization algorithm is incorporated within the CEEMD process to minimize the variance in multi-scale arrangement entropy among the decomposed components, thereby improving the model’s generalization capabilities. …”
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Early Therapy Evaluation of Combined Cetuximab and Irinotecan in Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor Xenografts by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Hyunki Kim, Karri D. Folks, Lingling Guo, Jeffery C. Sellers, Naomi S. Fineberg, Cecil R. Stockard, William E. Grizzle, Donald J. Buchsbaum, Desiree E. Morgan, James F. George, Kurt R. Zinn

“…The K trans changes in the peripheral tumor region after 3 days of therapy were linearly correlated with 21-day decreases in tumor volume ( p < .001), bioluminescent signal ( p = .050), microvessel densities ( p = .002), and proliferating cell densities ( p = .001). …”
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