Factors influencing bone loss in anorexia nervosa: assessment and therapeutic options by Isabelle Legroux, Bernard Cortet

“…The essential role of nutrition-related factors—especially leptin and adiponectin—has been reported in recent studies. …”
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The Genetics of PTPN1 and Obesity: Insights from Mouse Models of Tissue-Specific PTP1B Deficiency by Ryan C. Tsou, Kendra K. Bence

“…The protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B is a negative regulator of both insulin and leptin signaling and is involved in the control of glucose homeostasis and energy expenditure. …”
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A Hyperlipidic Diet Combined with Short-Term Ovariectomy Increases Adiposity and Hyperleptinemia and Decreases Cytokine Content in Mesenteric Adipose Tissue by Nelson Inacio Pinto Neto, Maria Elizabeth Sousa Rodrigues, Ana Claudia Losinskas Hachul, Mayara Franzoi Moreno, Valter Tadeu Boldarine, Eliane Beraldi Ribeiro, Lila Missae Oyama, Claudia Maria Oller do Nascimento

“…The OVX H exhibited a higher serum leptin level than other groups. IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 content of mesenteric (MES) adipose tissue was lower in the OVX H than in the OVX C. …”
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Appetite Suppression and Antiobesity Effect of a Botanical Composition Composed of Morus alba, Yerba mate, and Magnolia officinalis by Mesfin Yimam, Ping Jiao, Mei Hong, Lidia Brownell, Young-Chul Lee, Eu-Jin Hyun, Hyun-Jin Kim, Tae-Woo Kim, Jeong-Bum Nam, Mi-Ran Kim, Qi Jia

“…ELISA was done for insulin, leptin, and ghrelin level quantitation. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) scoring was conducted. …”
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Development and characterization of a chicory extract fermented by Akkermansia muciniphila: An in vitro study on its potential to modulate obesity-related inflammation by A. Chervet, R. Nehme, C. Defois-Fraysse, C. Decombat, C. Blavignac, C. Auxenfans, B. Evrard, S. Michel, E. Filaire, J.-Y. Berthon, A. Dreux-Zigha, L. Delort, F. Caldefie-Chézet

“…We found that C-Akm extract decreased ROS generation, TNF-α and Il-6 gene expression in polarized macrophages, INFγ and IL-17A secretion in LPS-stimulated PBMCs stimulated with LPS. It also decreased leptin expression while increasing adiponectin and HSL expression levels in both adipocytes and co-cultures. …”
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The hypothalamus as the central regulator of energy balance and its impact on current and future obesity treatments by Bruna Bombassaro, Eliana P. Araujo, Licio A. Velloso

“…During the last 30 years, since the identification of leptin in 1994, there has been a great advance in the unveiling of the hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic neuronal networks that control energy balance. …”
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Cytokines in the Progression of Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction by Chunjiong Wang, Youfei Guan, Jichun Yang

“…Cytokines, such as IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, and visfatin, have been shown to diversely regulate pancreatic β-cell function. …”
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Can exercise as a complementary technique manage inflammatory markers in women with breast cancer who are overweight and obese? A systematic review and meta-analysis by Liang Tan, Jinyu Mei, Ruihong Tang, Duo Huang, Kai Qi, Zbigniew Ossowski, Xiaoning Wang

“…Conclusion: Exercise significantly reduced CRP, IL-6, and leptin levels and overall increased adiponectin levels in women with overweight obese, and breast cancer. …”
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Efficacy of Fetal Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Metabolic Syndrome by Illayaraja Krishnan, Magdalene Tan Mei Ling, Min Hwei Ng, Jia Xian Law, Mohd Rafizul Mohd Yusof, Thavachelvi Thangarajah, Zalina Mahmood, Nurul Izzati Uda Zahli, Shathiya Rajamanickam, Baskar Subramani, Yogeswaran Lokanathan

“…Non-significant associations were found between fasting CRP, leptin, and adiponectin levels with MetS rats after treatment. …”
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Exercise Induced Adipokine Changes and the Metabolic Syndrome by Saeid Golbidi, Ismail Laher

“…In this paper we briefly describe the pathophysiologic role of four important adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6) in the metabolic syndrome and review some of the clinical trials that monitored these adipokines as a clinical outcome before and after exercise.…”
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Potential Biomarkers of Fat Loss as a Feature of Cancer Cachexia by Maryam Ebadi, Vera C. Mazurak

“…Zinc-α2-glycoprotein may be a local catabolic mediator within adipose tissue rather than serving as a plasma biomarker of fat loss. Plasma glycerol and leptin associate with adipose tissue atrophy and mass, respectively; however, no study has evaluated their potential as a prognostic biomarker of cachexia-associated fat loss. …”
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Energy Balance, Myostatin, and GILZ: Factors Regulating Adipocyte Differentiation in Belly and Bone by Xingming Shi, Mark Hamrick, Carlos M. Isales

“…Because of PPAR-γ's role in energy balance, signals originating from the gut (e.g., GIP), fat (e.g., leptin), muscle (e.g., myostatin), or bone (e.g., GILZ) can in turn modulate PPAR expression and/or function. …”
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Adipokines and Hepatic Insulin Resistance by Yu Li, Lin Ding, Waseem Hassan, Daoud Abdelkader, Jing Shang

“…Adipose tissue is now considered to be an active endocrine organ that secretes various adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin, tumour necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6. …”
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Circulating Adipokines in Healthy versus Unhealthy Overweight and Obese Subjects by Assim A. Alfadda

“…There were no differences between the two groups in the levels of serum leptin, chemerin and orosomucoid. Accordingly, adiponectin might play a role in protecting against obesity-associated cardiometabolic derangements. …”
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Impact of protein intake from a caloric-restricted diet on liver lipid metabolism in overweight and obese rats of different sexes by Ying Tian, Jiawei Gong, Zhiyan He, Suwen Peng, Yuping Huan, Hongpeng Cao

“…At the same time of 40% calorie restriction, increasing dietary protein intake to twice the normal protein intake has a stronger effect on promoting hepatic triglyceride oxidation and reducing liver fat content in the male overweight and obese rats by increasing the levels of adiponectin and leptin in the blood, and can also significantly reduce the plasma cholesterol concentration in the female overweight and obese rats through inhibiting cholesterol synthesis most likely by increasing glucagon level in the blood.…”
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From Placenta to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: The Role of Adipokines by Chiara Sartori, Pietro Lazzeroni, Silvia Merli, Viviana Dora Patianna, Francesca Viaroli, Francesca Cirillo, Sergio Amarri, Maria Elisabeth Street

“…The objective of this review was to analyze the functions known today of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin from placenta throughout childhood and adolescence. …”
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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Relationship with Obesity by Lina Neri Espinosa Pire, Iruma Alfonso González, Michelle Ariana Calvache Vargas, Holger Alexander Lozano Ati

“…In the latter, substances such as leptin and resistin are secreted that increase insulin resistance. …”
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Role of Adipokines and Other Inflammatory Mediators in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Nikolaos Vrachnis, Panagiotis Belitsos, Stavros Sifakis, Konstantinos Dafopoulos, Charalambos Siristatidis, Kalliopi I. Pappa, Zoe Iliodromiti

“…Research has recently focused on a group of substances produced mainly by adipose tissue called adipokines, this group including, among others, adiponectin, leptin, Retinol-Binding Protein-4 (RBP-4), and resistin. …”
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Animal Models of Diabetic Neuropathy: Progress Since 1960s by Md. Shahidul Islam

“…A numbers of animal models of diabetic and PDN have been developed in the last several decades such as streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models, conventional or genetically modified or high-fat diet-fed C57BL/Ks (db/db) mice models, streptozotocin-induced C57BL6/J and ddY mice models, Chinese hamster neuropathic model, rhesus monkey PDN model, spontaneously diabetic WBN/Kob rat model, L-fucose-induced neropathic rat model, partial sciatic nerve ligated rat model, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice model, spontaneously induced Ins2 Akita mice model, leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice model, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat model, surgically-induced neuropathic model, and genetically modified Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat model, none of which are without limitations. …”
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Adipokines as Drug Targets in Diabetes and Underlying Disturbances by Vinícius Andrade-Oliveira, Niels O.S. Câmara, Pedro M. Moraes-Vieira

“…Adipokines are pleiotropic molecules that gather factors such as leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, apelin, vaspin, hepcidin, RBP4, and inflammatory cytokines, including TNF and IL-1β, among others. …”
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