Health-related Quality of Life and hospital costs of Finnish melanoma patients participating in the second Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-II) by Pia J. Heino, Jukka Pappinen, John F. Thompson, Micaela Hernberg, Tiina A. Jahkola, Mark B. Faries

“…Median costs per patient were higher in the CLND group at 4 months but the difference disappeared during follow-up. Interpretation: This study suggests that undergoing CLND after a positive SLN biopsy is not a predictor of worse HRQoL. …”
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Exploring artificial intelligence for differentiating early syphilis from other skin lesions: a pilot study by Jiajun Sun, Yingping Li, Zhen Yu, Janet M. Towns, Nyi N. Soe, Phyu M. Latt, Lin Zhang, Zongyuan Ge, Christopher K. Fairley, Jason J. Ong, Lei Zhang

“…The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used for evaluation, and Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for model interpretation. Results Among the 11 classifiers, the Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) with the wavelet filter applied on the images demonstrated the best performance, offering the stratified 5-fold cross-validation AUC of 0.832 ± 0.042 and accuracy of 0.735 ± 0.043. …”
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Preoperative mapping techniques for brain tumor surgery: a systematic review by Augusto Leone, Augusto Leone, Francesco Carbone, Francesco Carbone, Uwe Spetzger, Peter Vajkoczy, Giovanni Raffa, Flavio Angileri, Antonino Germanó, Melina Engelhardt, Thomas Picht, Thomas Picht, Antonio Colamaria, Tizian Rosenstock, Tizian Rosenstock

“…Combining nTMS with tractography allows for preoperative assessment of short-term and long-term motor deficits, which may not be possible with fMRI. fMRI data interpretation requires careful consideration of co-activated, non-essential areas (potentially leading to false positives) and situations where neural activity and blood flow are uncoupled (potentially leading to false negatives). …”
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A Fine-Grained Aircraft Target Recognition Algorithm for Remote Sensing Images Based on YOLOV8 by Xiao-Nan Jiang, Xiang-Qian Niu, Fan-Lu Wu, Yao Fu, He Bao, Yan-Chao Fan, Yu Zhang, Jun-Yan Pei

“…Fine-grained recognition plays a pivotal role in the field of remote sensing image analysis, particularly in critical applications such as reconnaissance and early warning, intelligence analysis, and intelligent interpretation. However, the extensive coverage of remote sensing images, the low pixel ratio of targets, and the subtlety of features pose significant challenges for fine-grained recognition of aircraft targets. …”
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Role of YAP/TAZ in bone diseases: A transductor from mechanics to biology by Xin Chen, Xing Ji, Zhaobai Lao, Bin Pan, Yu Qian, Wanlei Yang

“…Thus, this review aims to provide an in-depth examination of YAP/TAZ's critical role in the interpretation of mechanical stimuli to biological signals, with a special emphasis on their involvement in bone cell mechanosensing, mechanotransduction, and mechanoresponse.The translational potential of this article: Clinically, appropriate stress stimulation promotes fracture healing, while bed rest can lead to disuse osteoporosis and excessive stress can cause osteoarthritis or bone spurs. …”
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Self-Examination Low-Cost Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography (SELFF-OCT) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study by Peter Koch, Inke König, Johann Roider, Jan Tode, Konstantine Purtskhvanidze, Claus von der Burchard, Helge Sudkamp, Cristoph Ehlken, Moritz Moltmann, Britta Heimes, Michael Münst, Malte vom Endt, Timo Kepp, Dirk Theisen-Kunde, Gereon Hüttmann

“…All images were graded by at least 2 masked investigators in a reading centre.Primary outcome measure Rate of successful self-measurements.Secondary outcome measures Sensitivity and specificity of SELFF-OCT versus SD-OCT for different biomarkers and necessity for antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment.Results In 86% of all examined eyes, OCT self-acquisition resulted in interpretable retinal OCT volume scans. In these patients, the sensitivity for detection of anti-VEGF treatment necessity was 0.94 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.99) and specificity 0.95 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.99).Conclusions SELFF-OCT was used successfully for retinal self-examination in most patients, and it could become a valuable tool for retinal home monitoring in the future. …”
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Extremely early initiation of vasopressors might not decrease short-term mortality for adults with septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Cheng-Hsin Ma, Jack Healy, Ebrima Kinteh, Cheng-Chin Ma, Ching-Fang Tiffany Tzeng, Eric H. Chou, Chin-Chieh Wu, Shih-Chieh Shao, Kuan-Fu Chen

“…However, due to the heterogeneity in study definitions and potential confounding factors, these results should be interpreted cautiously. Further standardized investigations are warranted to precisely determine the optimal timing for vasopressor initiation to maximize survival outcomes in patients with septic shock.…”
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<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{D}^{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula>T: Deep Denoising Dictionary Tensor for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection by Qiangqiang Shen, Zonglin Liu, Hanzhang Wang, Yanhui Xu, Yongyong Chen, Yongsheng Liang

“…To this end, we propose a deep denoising dictionary tensor for hyperspectral anomaly detection (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{D}^{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula>T), which can balance performance and interpretability by fusing two intuitive priors, i.e., low-rankness and deep denoising, into the dictionary tensor and coefficient tensor. …”
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Optical genome mapping: Unraveling complex variations and enabling precise diagnosis in dystrophinopathy by Jiahui Mai, Jing Duan, Xiaoyu Chen, Liqin Liu, Dachao Liang, Tao Fu, Gang Lu, Wai Yee Chan, Xufeng Luo, Feiqiu Wen, Jianxiang Liao, Zhuo Li, Xinguo Lu

“…In the other two male patients in whom MLPA suggested non‐contiguous exon duplications or deletions in the DMD gene, OGM characterized one case as a complex rearrangement and the other as a deletion within the DMD gene. Interpretation OGM is a valuable diagnostic tool for dystrophinopathy patients with negative results from conventional genetic tests. …”
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Seasonal Variation in the Intake of Food Groups and Nutrients in Japan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Riho Adachi, Fumi Oono, Mai Matsumoto, Xiaoyi Yuan, Kentaro Murakami, Satoshi Sasaki, Hidemi Takimoto

“…However, these results must be interpreted cautiously because of the high heterogeneity and limited representativeness.…”
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Recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association on Clinical Use of High-Resolution Manometry in Diagnosis of Esophageal Disorders by V. T. Ivashkin, I. V. Mayev, A. S. Trukhmanov, O. A. Storonova, S. A. Abdulkhakov, D. N. Andreev, D. S. Bordin, E. R. Valitova, I. L. Klyaritskaya, V. V. Krivoy, Yu. A. Kucheryavyi, T. L. Lapina, S. V. Morozov, O. A. Sablin, E. V. Semenikhina, Yu. P. Uspenskiy, A. A. Sheptulin

“…Current recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association on clinical use of high-resolution manometry in diagnosis of esophageal disorders are intended to assist in clinical decision making, terminology standardisation and interpretation of clinical data.Key points. In 2018, a joint meeting of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and Russian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Group approved unified terminology and classification of esophageal motor function disorders for high-resolution manometry diagnosis.Gastrointestinal patient complaints typically concern esophageal disorders such as dysphagia, regurgitation, heart-burn, chest pain or belching. …”
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on time to treatment in head and neck cancer management: a systematic review by Malte Grumstrup Simonsen, Amanda-Louise Fenger Carlander, Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen, Christian Grønhøj, Christian von Buchwald

“…Among these, two studies reported increased waiting times as well. Interpretation: The impact of the COIVD-19 pandemic on time to treatment was heterogenous and subject to considerable intercountry and interregional variations. …”
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Estimation of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital admissions in five European countries: a modelling studyResearch in context by Caroline Klint Johannesen, David Gideonse, Richard Osei-Yeboah, Toni Lehtonen, Ombeline Jollivet, Rachel A. Cohen, Arantxa Urchueguía-Fornes, María Herrero-Silvestre, Mónica López-Lacort, Rolf Kramer, Thea K. Fischer, Terho Heikkinen, Harish Nair, Harry Campbell, Michiel van Boven, Harish Nair, Hanna Nohynek, Anne Teirlinck, Louis Bont, Peter Openshaw, Andrew Pollard, Veena Kumar, Elizabeth Begier, Jim Janimak, Jenny Hendrix, Rolf Kramer, Alejandro Orrico Sánchez, Eva Molero

“…In older adults, substantial differences in the incidence of ICD-10 coded RSV hospitalisations were found, while the attributed RSV incidence was more comparable, ranging from approximately 100 per 100,000 in adults 65–74 years to 200 per 100,000 persons 75–84 years and 500 per 100,000 persons 85 years and older. Interpretation: RSV-attributed time series exhibit a high degree of synchronicity between participating countries, suggesting that this method for attribution addresses the known issues with underdiagnosis and misclassification. …”
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Impact of Obesity on Short-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic/Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomy for Benign or Malignant Adrenal Diseases: A Meta-Ana... by Maurizio Zizzo, Andrea Morini, Magda Zanelli, Chiara Grasselli, Francesca Sanguedolce, Sze Ling Wong, Munyaradzi G. Nyandoro, Andrea Palicelli, Giuseppe Broggi, Nektarios I. Koufopoulos, Lucia Mangone, Angelo Cormio, Rosario Caltabiano, Antonino Neri, Massimiliano Fabozzi

“…Due to important biases (small overall sample size and few analyzed events), the interpretation of our results must be a careful one. Later randomized and multi-center trials may help the confirmation of our results.…”
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C-reactive protein testing in primary care and antibiotic use in children with acute respiratory tract infections in Kyrgyzstan: an open-label, individually randomised, controlled... by Elvira Isaeva, Joakim Bloch, Azamat Akylbekov, Robert L. Skov, Anja Poulsen, Jørgen A.L. Kurtzhals, Susanne Reventlow, Nandini Sreenivasan, Maamed Mademilov, Volkert D. Siersma, Talant Sooronbaev, Jesper Kjærgaard, Rune M. Aabenhus

“…Hospital admissions were similar in both groups (CRP: 31 (5%), control: 26 (4%); odds ratio (OR) 1.20, 95% CI 0.69–2.10), but the CRP group re-consulted more often (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01–1.71) during the 14 days of follow-up. Interpretation: Implementing CRP testing in primary care for paediatric ARTI in Kyrgyzstan significantly reduced antibiotic use without negative effects on safety, supporting its role in national antimicrobial stewardship strategies. …”
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Comparison of Inflammation-Based Prognostic Scores in a Cohort of Patients with Resectable Esophageal Cancer by G. Jomrich, M. Paireder, A. Gleiss, I. Kristo, L. Harpain, S. F. Schoppmann

“…The investigated prognostic scores should be used and interpreted carefully, and established factors like histology, including tumor size and differentiation, lymph node involvement, and status of resection margin remain the only reliable prognostic factors for patients suffering from resectable EC.…”
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Zero-Shot Remote Sensing Scene Classification Based on Automatic Knowledge Graph and Dual-Branch Semantic Correlation Supervision by Chao Wang, Jiajun Yang, Tanvir Ahmed, Yang Zhao, Tong Zhang, Bing Sun, Tao Xie, Jie Wang, Tianyu Chen

“…However, current graphs rely heavily on expert manual interpretation, making them susceptible to human biases and difficult to expand. …”
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External validation of AI-based scoring systems in the ICU: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Patrick Rockenschaub, Ela Marie Akay, Benjamin Gregory Carlisle, Adam Hilbert, Joshua Wendland, Falk Meyer-Eschenbach, Anatol-Fiete Näher, Dietmar Frey, Vince Istvan Madai

“…Performance was generally lower in external data, questioning the reliability of some recently proposed ML-based scores. Interpretation of the results was challenged by an overreliance on the same few datasets, implicit differences in case mix, and exclusive use of AUROC.…”
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Automated differentiation of wide QRS complex tachycardia using QRS complex polarity by Adam M. May, Bhavesh B. Katbamna, Preet A. Shaikh, Sarah LoCoco, Elena Deych, Ruiwen Zhou, Lei Liu, Krasimira M. Mikhova, Rugheed Ghadban, Phillip S. Cuculich, Daniel H. Cooper, Thomas M. Maddox, Peter A. Noseworthy, Anthony Kashou

“…Automated solutions leveraging computerized ECG interpretation (CEI) measurements and engineered features offer practical ways to improve diagnostic accuracy. …”
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Case report: Deciphering the clinical significance of a novel partial BRCA1 exon 10 duplication in a patient with triple-negative breast cancer by Alice Faversani, Debora Manuelli, Davide Barteselli, Giulia Melloni, Carlo Santaniello, Luigi Corsaro, Luigi Corsaro, Davide Sacco, Davide Sacco, Davide Clerici, Laura Gargiulo, Fulvio Ferrara, Lucy Costantino

“…Although new ClinGen ENIGMA guidelines have been produced to provide tools for the accurate interpretation of variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, defining the clinical significance of copy number variants, particularly duplications, remains a challenging goal that requires complex approaches to accurately determine the role of such variants. …”
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