Multiomics unravels the complexity of male obesity: a prospective observational study by Georgios E. Papadakis, Lucie Favre, Yassine Zouaghi, Nathalie Vionnet, Nicolas J. Niederländer, Michela Adamo, James S. Acierno, Dassine Berdous, Alexia Boizot, Jenny Meylan, Julijana Ivanisevic, Emmanuelle Paccou, Hector Gallart-Ayala, Tim Reyns, Elise Van Caeneghem, Bruno Lapauw, Jérôme Pasquier, Yasser Aleman, Styliani Mantziari, Olivier Salamin, Raul Nicoli, Tiia Kuuranne, Tom Fiers, Patric Hagmann, Federico Santoni, Andrea Messina, Nelly Pitteloud

“…Despite having comparable body mass indices, obese individuals with HH presented with worse metabolic defects than obese individuals without HH, including higher insulin resistance, as well as MRI signs of hypothalamic inflammation and a specific blood transcriptomics signature. …”
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The associations of physical activity patterns and the triglyceride-glucose index in US adults: a secondary data analysis of NHANES (2007–2018) by JinYe Zhang, YiLin Yang, HaoNan Zheng, BoWen Bai, QianKun Yang, Li Zhang, YuTong Zhao, Jing Luo, Bin Yu

“…Abstract The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a readily accessible surrogate biomarker for insulin resistance and metabolic health, has been extensively investigated across various ethnic populations. …”
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High fructose rewires gut glucose sensing via glucagon-like peptide 2 to impair metabolic regulation in mice by Eya Sellami, Paulo Henrique Evangelista-Silva, Caio Jordão Teixeira, Khoudia Diop, Patricia Mitchell, Fernando Forato Anhê

“…Results: High fructose feeding led to impairment of blood glucose disposal, ectopic fat accumulation in the liver, and hepatic (but not muscle or adipose tissue) insulin resistance independent of changes in fat mass. This was accompanied by increased gut glucose absorption, which preceded glucose intolerance and liver steatosis. …”
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Relationship between mucin gene polymorphisms and different types of gallbladder stones by Gongqing Ren, Yongmao Fan, Ruizi Zhong, Gang Zou, Xiaojun Huang, Yue Zhang

“…The development of gallstones is linked to abnormal cholesterol and bilirubin metabolism, reduced gallbladder function, insulin resistance, biliary infections, and genetic factors. …”
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The Efficacy and Safety of the Chinese Herbal Formula, JTTZ, for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes with Obesity and Hyperlipidemia: A Multicenter Randomized, Positive-Controlled, Op... by Xiaotong Yu, Lipeng Xu, Qiang Zhou, Shengping Wu, Jiaxing Tian, Chunli Piao, Hailong Guo, Jun Zhang, Liping Li, Shentao Wu, Meizhen Guo, Yuzhi Hong, Weirong Pu, Xiyan Zhao, Yang Liu, Bing Pang, Zhiping Peng, Song Wang, Fengmei Lian, Xiaolin Tong

“…JTTZ also appeared to alleviate insulin resistance and increase HOMA-β. In addition, symptoms were significantly relieved in participants in the JTTZ group compared to those in the MET group. …”
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Reduction of intestinal RIPK1 ameliorates HFD-induced metabolic disorders in female mice by Ye Yuan, Xiaomin Hu, Chunguang Guo, Yihua Xu, Shihan Li, Wei Wen, Xinli Hu, Fanxin Zeng, Weiyi Cui, Wenli Chen, Xueting Sun, Ning Hou, Jue Wang, Rui-Ping Xiao, Xiuqin Zhang

“…Accordingly, HFD-induced metabolic disorders, including obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, are significantly ameliorated in the Ripk1IEC+/− female mice. …”
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The Interactive Effects of Fruit Intake Frequency and Serum miR-484 Levels as Biomarkers for Incident Type 2 Diabetes in a Prospective Cohort of the Spanish Adult Population: The D... by Ana Lago-Sampedro, Wasima Oualla-Bachiri, Cristina Maldonado-Araque, Sergio Valdés, Inmaculada González-Molero, Viyey Doulatram-Gamgaram, Elias Delgado, Felipe J. Chaves, Luis Castaño, Alfonso Calle-Pascual, Josep Franch-Nadal, Gemma Rojo-Martínez, Sara García-Serrano, Eva García-Escobar

“…<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Although evidence suggests that miR-484 and several fruit components are involved in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance metabolic pathways, the relationship between serum miR-484 levels and fruit consumption in relation to the risk of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains elusive. …”
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Relationship between triglyceride glucose-body mass index baselines and variation with future cardiovascular diseases risk in the middle-aged and elderly individuals by Junpeng Qiao, Xueyu Chen, Jinhong Pang, Haicheng Fei, Zhang Liu, Fang Cheng, Qiaoqiao Chen, Yingying Zhao, Fengxue Shi, Hongying Jia, Hongying Jia, Weiwei Chi, Weiwei Chi

“…Previous studies have found that the TyG index is an effective alternative indicator for insulin resistance (IR) and is associated with cardiovascular events. …”
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Relationship between changes in the triglyceride glucose-body mass index and frail development trajectory and incidence in middle-aged and elderly individuals: a national cohort st... by Kai Guo, Qi Wang, Lin Zhang, Rui Qiao, Yujia Huo, Lipeng Jing, Xiaowan Wang, Zixuan Song, Siyu Li, Jinming Zhang, Yanfang Yang, Jinli Mahe, Zhengran Liu

“…Abstract Background Insulin resistance is linked to an increased risk of frailty, yet the comprehensive relationship between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), which reflects weight, and frailty, remains unclear. …”
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Effect of a prepartum and postpartum, complex interdisciplinary lifestyle and psychosocial intervention on metabolic and mental health outcomes in women with gestational diabetes m... by Umberto Simeoni, Antje Horsch, Arnaud Chiolero, Yvan Vial, Nicole Sekarski, Jardena J Puder, Pascal Bovet, Yvan Mivelaz, Adina Mihaela Epure, Bobby Stuijfzand, Leah Gilbert, Stefano Lanzi, Justine Gross, Didier Hans, Stefano Di Bernardo, Elena Gonzalez-rodriguez, Alain Lacroix, Jean-Benoît Rossel, Dan Yedu Quansah, Amar Arhab, Sandrine Estoppey Younes, Seyda Mayerat

“…Secondary outcomes included changes in total and central body fat, anxiety, wellbeing, glycaemic parameters (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (known as HOMA-IR) and Matsuda indices), aerobic fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), gestational weight gain, and weight retention. …”
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Longitudinal association between DNA methylation and type 2 diabetes: findings from the KORA F4/FF4 study by Liye Lai, Dave Laurence Juntilla, Monica Del, Monica Del C Gomez-Alonso, Harald Grallert, Barbara Thorand, Aiman Farzeen, Wolfgang Rathmann, Juliane Winkelmann, Holger Prokisch, Christian Gieger, Christian Herder, Annette Peters, Melanie Waldenberger

“…Linear mixed-effects models were employed to identify significant associations between methylation sites and diabetes status, as well as with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homoeostasis model assessment of beta cell function (HOMA-B), and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Interaction effects between diabetes status and follow-up time were also examined. …”
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Association between major depressive disorder or depressive symptoms and the risk of vascular complications among patients with type 2 diabetes, and the mediating role of metabolic... by Guochen Li, Yongfu Yu, Chunqing Lin, Shichen Zheng, Hong Tu, Wanghong Xu

“…Mediation analyses were conducted to quantify the potential mediation effects of circulating metabolites (involved in insulin-resistance, lipid profile, liver function, renal function, and inflammation) in the association of MDD with the outcomes. …”
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Gender Disparity in the Relationship between Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Metabolic Syndrome Components: The SHDC-CDPC Community-Based Study by Xiaoying Ding, Ying Xu, Yufan Wang, Xiaohua Li, Chunhua Lu, Jing Su, Yuting Chen, Yuhang Ma, Yanhua Yin, Yong Wu, Yaqiong Jin, Lihua Yu, Junyi Jiang, Naisi Zhao, Qingwu Yan, Andrew S. Greenberg, Haiyan Sun, Mingyu Gu, Li Zhao, Yunhong Huang, Yijie Wu, Chunxian Qian, Yongde Peng

“…The prevalence of TN in hyperuricemia (45.7% versus 37.4%, P = 0.001), NAFLD (41.2% versus 36.4%, P < 0.05), and MetS (41.4% versus 35.4%, P < 0.001) groups was significantly increased only in females. Insulin resistance [OR = 1.31 (1.15, 1.49)], MetS [OR = 1.18 (1.03, 1.35)], and diabetes [OR = 1.25 (1.06, 1.48)] were all independent risk factors for TN in total subjects, whereas, after stratified analysis of gender, MetS [OR = 1.29, (1.09, 1.53)] and diabetes [OR = 1.47, (1.17, 1.84)] are still strongly and independently associated with the higher risks of TN in female subjects, but not in males. …”
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Cytokines in the Progression of Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction by Chunjiong Wang, Youfei Guan, Jichun Yang

“…The imbalance in deleterious and protective cytokines plays pivotal roles in the development and progression of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction under insulin-resistant conditions.…”
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Inositols in Insulin Signaling and Glucose Metabolism by Arturo Bevilacqua, Mariano Bizzarri

“…Due to these multiple effects, myoIns has become a reliable treatment option, as opposed to hormonal stimulation, for insulin-resistant PCOS patients.…”
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Anti-diabetic effect of aloin via JNK-IRS1/PI3K pathways and regulation of gut microbiota by Ruting Zhong, Lanbin Chen, Yuanyuan Liu, Shouxia Xie, Sumei Li, Bin Liu, Chao Zhao

“…This research aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity, underlying mechanisms, and gut microbiota regulation of aloin. The insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cell model and the type 2 diabetic (T2D) mouse model were successfully established using dexamethasone and a high-fat high-sucrose diet with low-dose streptozotocin, respectively. …”
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Suppressive Effect of Insulin on the Gene Expression and Plasma Concentrations of Mediators of Asthmatic Inflammation by Husam Ghanim, Kelly Green, Sanaa Abuaysheh, Manav Batra, Nitesh D. Kuhadiya, Reema Patel, Antoine Makdissi, Sandeep Dhindsa, Ajay Chaudhuri, Paresh Dandona

“…Following our recent demonstration that the chronic inflammatory and insulin resistant state of obesity is associated with an increase in the expression of mediators known to contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma and that weight loss after gastric bypass surgery results in the reduction of these genes, we have now hypothesized that insulin suppresses the cellular expression and plasma concentrations of these mediators. …”
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Partial Replacement with Menhaden Oil Improves Peripheral Neuropathy in High-Fat-Fed Low-Dose Streptozotocin Type 2 Diabetic Rat by Lawrence J. Coppey, Amey Holmes, Eric P. Davidson, Mark A. Yorek

“…Diabetic rats were insulin resistant and menhaden oil did not improve whole animal glucose utilization. …”
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Combination Therapy with GABA and MgSO4 Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rat by Shahla Sohrabipour, Mohammad Reza Sharifi, Mohammadreza Sharifi, Ardeshir Talebi, Nepton Soltani

“…Forty randomly selected rats were assigned to four groups: nondiabetic control group was fed the normal diet, insulin-resistant diabetic rat model was induced by streptozotocin and high-fat diet, GABA + MgSO4 group received GABA and MgSO4, and insulin group was treated with insulin. …”
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Leptin/Adiponectin Ratios Using Either Total Or High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin as Biomarkers of Systemic Insulin Sensitivity in Normoglycemic Women by Carolina Bravo, Luis Rodrigo Cataldo, José Galgani, Javier Parada, José Luis Santos

“…The discriminatory capacity of both ratios to classify insulin-resistant versus insulin-sensitive subjects was similar for HOMA-S (p=0.84), Matsuda-ISICOMP (p=0.43), or CSi (p=0.50). …”
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