β-Endorphin Mediates the Development and Instability of Atherosclerotic Plaques by Taisuke Okano, Kengo Sato, Remina Shirai, Tomomi Seki, Koichiro Shibata, Tomoyuki Yamashita, Ayaka Koide, Hitomi Tezuka, Yusaku Mori, Tsutomu Hirano, Takuya Watanabe

“…β-Endorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide, and its μ-opioid receptor are expressed in brain, liver, and peripheral tissues. β-Endorphin induces endothelial dysfunction and is related to insulin resistance. We clarified the effects of β-endorphin on atherosclerosis. …”
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Changes in Plasma Levels of N-Arachidonoyl Ethanolamine and N-Palmitoylethanolamine following Bariatric Surgery in Morbidly Obese Females with Impaired Glucose Homeostasis by Akhila Mallipedhi, Sarah L. Prior, Gareth Dunseath, Richard M. Bracken, Jonathan Barry, Scott Caplin, Nia Eyre, James Morgan, John N. Baxter, Saoirse E. O’Sullivan, Sarir Sarmad, David A. Barrett, Stephen C. Bain, Steve D. Luzio, Jeffrey W. Stephens

“…We examined endocannabinoids (ECs) in relation to bariatric surgery and the association between plasma ECs and markers of insulin resistance. Methods. A study of 20 participants undergoing bariatric surgery. …”
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Association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indices and cardiovascular diseases and mortality among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver dis... by Yanan Qiao, Yue Wang, Cheng Chen, Yueqing Huang, Chunhua Zhao

“…Abstract Background Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indices, which serve as simple markers for insulin resistance, have been closely linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. …”
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Anthropometric and metabolic parameters associated with visceral fat in non-obese type 2 diabetes individuals by Ming Jiao, Jiaoli Chen, Xiaoling Wang, Wenyu Tao, Yunhua Feng, Huijun Yang, Haiying Yang, Shanshan Zhao, Ying Yang, Yiping Li

“…Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were detected. Novel insulin resistance indices, such as lipid accumulation product (LAP) was calculated. …”
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The oral disposition index calculated from a meal tolerance test is a crucial indicator for evaluating differential normalization of postprandial glucose and triglyceride excursion... by Yukako Yamamoto, Takeshi Togawa, Osamu Sekine, Yuki Ozamoto, Junko Fuse, Choka Azuma, Jun Ito-Kobayashi, Yasumitsu Oe, Akeo Hagiwara, Masaki Kobayashi, Tadahiro Kitamura, Masanori Iwanishi, Akira Shimatsu, Atsunori Kashiwagi

“…(iv) The baseline, 2h-TG, and an increase in 2h-TG values above baseline were correlated with the insulin resistance index, DI, or HbA1c; These TG values were normalized post-LSG. …”
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Increased DHEAS and Decreased Total Testosterone Serum Levels in a Subset of Men with Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia: Does a Male PCOS-Equivalent Exist? by Rossella Cannarella, Rosita A. Condorelli, Federica Dall’Oglio, Sandro La Vignera, Laura M. Mongioì, Giuseppe Micali, Aldo E. Calogero

“…Among men with AGA, we identified Group 1 (n = 21), as those with at least one of the following parameters: body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2, insulin resistance (IR), and/or SHBG <25 nmol/l. Results. …”
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Probiotics supplementation for management of type II diabetes risk factors in adults with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial by Chengcheng Zhang, Yingyue Sheng, Jinchi Jiang, Yuzheng Xue, Leilei Yu, Fengwei Tian, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Jian Jin, Qixiao Zhai

“…An analysis of pooled extracted data revealed that supplementation with probiotics significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG, n = 7; standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.40; 95 % confidence interval (CI): −2.02, −0.02; P = 0.04) and insulin levels (n = 6; SMD = −0.57; 95 % CI: −0.89, −0.25; P = 0.0004) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (n = 7; SMD = −0.64; 95 % CI: −0.96, −0.31; P = 0.0001) while increasing the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI, n = 5; SMD = 0.58; 95 % CI: 0.08, 1.09; P = 0.02) in patients with PCOS. …”
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Artificially Cultivated Ophiocordyceps sinensis Alleviates Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Podocyte Injury via Inhibiting P2X7R Expression and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Chao Wang, Xiao-xia Hou, Hong-liang Rui, Li-jing Li, Jing Zhao, Min Yang, Li-jun Sun, Hong-rui Dong, Hong Cheng, Yi-Pu Chen

“…The DN rats showed to have developed insulin resistance, elevated fasting blood glucose, increased urinary protein excretion, and serum creatinine level as well as corresponding glomerular pathological alterations including podocyte damages. …”
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A bibliometric analysis of exosomes in aging from 2007 to 2023 by Zenghui Niu, Meiyu Cui, Yingkun Fu, Lingfeng Zhou, Jiali Wang, Jiali Wang, Yan Lei, Xinrong Fan, Qiang Wang, Jing Yang

“…The keyword analysis revealed that future research on exosomes in aging will possibly focus on “inflammation, cellular senescence, angiogenesis, insulin resistance, and Alzheimer's disease.”ConclusionWe identified the research trends of exosomes in the field of aging through this bibliometric analysis. …”
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Diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with ischaemic heart disease and acute coronary syndromes - a review of evidence and recommendations by Muhammad Usman Shah, Muhammad Usman Shah, Alun Roebuck, Bala Srinivasan, Joanna Kate Ward, Paul Edward Squires, Claire Elizabeth Hills, Kelvin Lee, Kelvin Lee

“…It is characterised by persistently elevated blood glucose occurring as a result of peripheral insulin resistance and reduced insulin production which may lead to multiple long-term health conditions such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. …”
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Association Between Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Carotid Plaque Stability in Different Glycemic Status: A Single‐Center Retrospective Study by Guijun Huo, Jin Zheng, Junjie Cao, Lili Zhang, Zhichao Yao, Yuqi Zeng, Yao Tang, Zhanao Liu, Ziyi Tan, Dayong Zhou

“…Background The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a reliable marker of insulin resistance. However, its value in patients with carotid plaque stability remains unclear. …”
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Foxtail millet supplementation improves glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes by Xin Ren, Linxuan Wang, Zenglong Chen, Min Zhang, Dianzhi Hou, Yong Xue, Xianmin Diao, Ruihai Liu, Qun Shen

“…Results showed that both 30% and 48% FM supplementation significantly decreased concentrations of fasting blood glucose, 60-min blood glucose, and blood triglycerides (P < 0.05); additionally, 48% FM supplementation significantly improved blood glucose tolerance and insulin resistance (P < 0.05). However, FM supplementation could not effectively repair damage to β-cells over a short period of time. …”
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The synergistic effect of the triglyceride-glucose index and a body shape index on cardiovascular mortality: the construction of a novel cardiovascular risk marker by Hao-ming He, Ying-ying Xie, Qiang Chen, Yi-ke Li, Xue-xi Li, Sun-jing Fu, Na Li, Yan-ru Han, Yan-xiang Gao, Jin-gang Zheng

“…Abstract Background Insulin resistance, represented by increased triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index levels, shows interplay with visceral obesity and together promotes cardiovascular diseases and mortality. …”
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Gambaran Kadar Gula Darah pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas yang Memiliki Berat Badan Berlebih dan Obesitas by Putri Auliya, Fadil Oenzil, Zelly Dia Dia Rofinda

“…</p><p class="NoSpacing"><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> kadar gula darah, obesitas, berat badan berlebih, TTGO, TGT, diabetes</p><p class="NoSpacing"> </p><p class="NoSpacing"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="NoSpacing"><em>Obesity and overweight is a predisposing factor insulin resistance which causes an increase in blood </em><em>sugar</em><em> levels</em><em> in</em><em> type 2 diabetes mellitus. …”
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Beyond LDL cholesterol: remnant cholesterol is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children by Ana Torres-Costoso, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno, Andreia Oliveira, Mairena Sánchez-López, Eva Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Sergio Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo, Montserrat Solera-Martínez, Blanca Notario-Pacheco, Vanessa Martínez-Madrid, Arthur Eumann Mesas

“…Methods Cardiometabolic risk factors (plasma insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), waist circumference (WC), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)) were examined in 3417 Spanish schoolchildren aged 8–11 years. …”
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The association of visceral and subcutaneous fat areas with phenotypic age in non-elderly adults, mediated by HOMA-IR and HDL-C by Yuanhong Liu, Min Xu, Liqing Wang, Linyun Meng, Mengran Li, Shumin Mu

“…Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have all been shown to correlate with ageing; however, the connections between these factors and PhenoAge are still insufficiently investigated. …”
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Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Levels and Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients by Dagmar Horáková, Kateřina Azeem, Radka Benešová, Dalibor Pastucha, Vladimír Horák, Lenka Dumbrovská, Arnošt Martínek, Dalibor Novotný, Zdeněk Švagera, Milada Hobzová, Dana Galuszková, Vladimír Janout, Sandra Doněvská, Jana Vrbková, Helena Kollárová

“…Concentrations of total adiponectin or high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin decrease in association with the development of metabolic dysfunction such as obesity, insulin resistance, or T2DM. Increased adiponectin levels are associated with a lower risk for coronary heart disease. …”
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High-fat diet promotes gestational diabetes mellitus through modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism by Lei Yao, Xuefei Zhou, Xianqi Jiang, Hao Chen, Yuanliang Li, Xiao Xiong, Yan Tang, Haogang Zhang, Pengfei Qiao

“…Mechanically, HFD-FMT administration activated Fxr, Shp, and Fgf15 activity, disturbed the glucose metabolism and aggravated insulin resistance but not in HFD-FMT Fxr−/− mice and ND-FMT Fxr−/− mice. …”
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Regulation and Mechanism of miR-518d through the PPARα-Mediated NF-κB Pathway in the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Hui Qiu, Xuemin Liu, Shenshen Yao, Jiaren Zhou, Xue Zhang, Juan Du

“…The contents of total cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG), fast glucose, and insulin (INS) were examined using ELISA, followed by the evaluation of insulin resistance (IR). The related expression levels were also detected with the above methods shown in the previous cell culture. …”
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Targeting UGT2B15 and NR1H4 interaction: a novel therapeutic strategy for polycystic ovary syndrome using naftopidil enantiomers by Xiufen Zheng, Zikai Chen, Miao Liang, Liting Zhou, Miaoru Wang, Silin Zhang, Shuyun Zhang, Lei Ma, Wei Yi, Xiawen Liu

“…It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and the presence of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) on ultrasound, often accompanied by metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and obesity. Current treatments, including oral contraceptives and anti-androgen medications, often yield limited efficacy and undesirable side effects. …”
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