The triglyceride–glucose index and its obesity-related derivatives as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients: insights from NHANES data with... by Chenyang Li, Zixi Zhang, Xiaoqin Luo, Yichao Xiao, Tao Tu, Chan Liu, Qiming Liu, Cancan Wang, Yongguo Dai, Zeying Zhang, Cheng Zheng, Jiafeng Lin

“…Abstract Background Hypertension (HTN) is a global public health concern and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. Insulin resistance (IR) plays a crucial role in HTN-related metabolic dysfunction, but its assessment remains challenging. …”
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Prospective study of the association between chronotype and cardiometabolic risk among Chinese young adults by Tingting Li, Yang Xie, Shuman Tao, Liwei Zou, Yajuan Yang, Fangbiao Tao, Xiaoyan Wu

“…The cardiometabolic (CM)-risk score was the sum of standardized Z scores based on gender for the 5 indicators: waist circumference (WC), mean arterial pressure (MAP), triglyceride (TG), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), where the HDL-C is multiplied by-1. …”
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Comparison of different severe obesity definitions in predicting future cardiometabolic risk in a longitudinal cohort of children by Gilles Paradis, Melanie Henderson, Lisa Kakinami, Angelo Tremblay, Anna Smyrnova

“…Whether SO definitions differentially predict cardiometabolic disease risk is critical for proper clinical care and management but is unknown.Design Prospective cohort studySetting SO definitions were applied at baseline (2005–2008, Mage=9.6 years, n=548), and outcomes (fasting lipids, glucose, homoeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) and blood pressure) were assessed at first follow-up (F1: 2008–2011, Mage=11.6 years) and second follow-up (2015–2017, Mage=16.8 years) of the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth cohort in Montreal, Quebec.Participants Respondents were youth who had at least one biological parent with obesity.Primary outcome measures Unfavourable cardiometabolic levels of fasting blood glucose (≥6.1 mmol/L), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR index ≥2.0), high-density lipoprotein <1.03 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein ≥2.6 mmol/L and triglycerides >1.24 mmol/L. …”
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Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels Are Positively Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Ruo-Yao Gao, Bang-Gee Hsu, Du-An Wu, Jia-Sian Hou, Ming-Chun Chen

“…Female gender, hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist circumference (WC), body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c), triglyceride level (TG), urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and FGF21 levels were higher, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were lower in DM patients with MetS. …”
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Ficus deltoidea standardized methanolic extract improves kidney structure and function against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats by Nurdiana Samsulrizal, Noor Syaffinaz Noor Mohamad Zin, Nur Syimal`ain Azmi, Mohd Daud Bakar, Hafandi Ahmad, Yong-Meng Goh

“…Background: Oxidative stress and peripheral insulin resistance are the key pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. …”
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Identification of the Transcriptional Networks and the Involvement in Angiotensin II-Induced Injury after CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockdown of Cyr61 in HEK293T Cells by Junjie Wang, Dongdong Fu, Soulixay Senouthai, Yan Jiang, Rentong Hu, Yanwu You

“…The differentially expressed genes were affected for small cell lung cancer, axon guidance, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, MAPK signaling pathway, focal adhesion, insulin resistance, and metabolic pathways. In addition, Cyr61 expression was increased in accordance with induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation induced by Ang II. …”
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Effects of Nutritional Strategies on Glucose Homeostasis in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis by Shixiao Jin, Liyan Sha, Jianli Dong, Jing Yi, Yang Liu, Zhongxian Guo, Bing Hu

“…Pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were used to compare and rank the effects of nutritional strategies for the improvement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results. We included thirteen RCTs with a total of 754 participants. …”
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Positive Associations between Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Level and Central Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients by Cheng-Hao Sung, Bang-Gee Hsu, Jen-Pi Tasi, Chih-Hsien Wang, Chiu-Huang Kuo

“…Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) plays essential roles in lipolysis, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum A-FABP levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. …”
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Dietary Choline Deprivation Exacerbates Kidney Injury in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Adult Rats by Ahmed W. Al-Humadi, Carel W. le Roux, Neil G. Docherty, Werd Al-Najim, Martin Tze Wah Kueh, Andreas C. Lazaris, Charis Liapi

“…<b>Results</b>: DM + CD and DM groups demonstrated significant increases in glucose levels and in the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA IR). Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels significantly increased in the DM + CD group compared to the control, and homocysteine levels were higher in the CD group. …”
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Severe Obesity in Women Can Lead to Worse Memory Function and Iron Dyshomeostasis Compared to Lower Grade Obesity by Jessica M. V. Pino, Vitória F. Silva, Marcos Mônico-Neto, Danielle C. Seva, Melissa Y. Kato, July N. Alves, Gabriela C. Pereira, Hanna Karen M. Antunes, Thales D. Galvao, Lia R. A. Bitterncourt, Sergio Tufik, Lysien I. Zambrano, Ana R. Dâmaso, Lila M. Oyama, David Thivel, Raquel M. S. Campos, Kil S. Lee

“…Obesity is one of the modifiable risk factors for dementia. Insulin resistance, the abundance of advanced glycated end-products, and inflammation are some of the mechanisms associated with the lower cognitive performance observed in obesity. …”
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The association between TyG index and cardiovascular mortality is modified by antidiabetic or lipid-lowering agent: a prospective cohort study by Changchang Fang, Nanqin Peng, Jiang Cheng, Xiyu Zhang, Wenli Gu, Zicheng Zhu, Xiaoping Yin, Zhiwei Yan, Jing Zhang, Peng Yu, Xiao Liu

“…Abstract Background The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is recognized as an alternative measure of insulin resistance (IR) and has been linked to the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. …”
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PPAR-α Agonist Fenofibrate Decreased Serum Irisin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia by Xiaomeng Feng, Xia Gao, Yumei Jia, Heng Zhang, Qingrong Pan, Zhi Yao, Ning Yang, Jia Liu, Yuan Xu, Guang Wang, Xinchun Yang

“…Irisin is related to insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. The physiologic effects of irisin are partially mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α). …”
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miR-210 in Exosomes Derived from Macrophages under High Glucose Promotes Mouse Diabetic Obesity Pathogenesis by Suppressing NDUFA4 Expression by Feng Tian, Ping Tang, Zhilian Sun, Ruifen Zhang, Danhua Zhu, Junying He, Jixing Liao, Qinghua Wan, Jie Shen

“…Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is featured by insulin resistance and lipid metabolism dysregulation. A large number of miRNAs were identified in exosomes derived from adipose tissue macrophages associated with T2DM pathogenesis, but its pathogenic roles remain unknown. …”
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The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes by Zeki Dogan, Abdulhalim Senyigit, Sinem Durmus, Canan Duvarcı, Remise Gelişgen, Hafize Uzun, Omur Tabak

“…Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also calculated. Circulating LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with macrovascular complications compared to control group, prediabetes and uncomplicated diabetes. …”
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Targeted microbiome metabolomics reveals flaxseed oil supplementation regulated the gut microbiota and farnesoid X receptor pathway in high-fat diet mice by Chen Yang, Zhenxia Xu, Qingde Huang, Xu Wang, Fenghong Huang, Qianchun Deng

“…Flaxseed oil (FSO) rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can protect against obesity and insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. …”
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Eight weeks of aerobic exercise, but not four, improves insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular performance in young women by Maha Sellami, Shamma Almuraikhy, Khaled Naja, Najeha Anwardeen, Hadaia Saleh Al-Amri, Mohammad Shoaib Prince, Amina Ali Aden, Alexander Doemling, Mohamed A. Elrayess

“…This study aims to explore the effects of 4 and 8 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on glucose metabolism, lipid profiles, and associated metabolic changes in young female students with insulin resistance and varying body mass, seeking to determine the optimal duration for physiological adaptations. …”
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Association between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and risk of aortic stenosis progression in patients with non-severe aortic stenosis: a retrospective cohort study by Zhen Guo, Zhenyu Xiong, Lixiang He, Shaozhao Zhang, Xinghao Xu, Guanzhong Chen, Mengjie Xie, Wenjing Zhang, Ziwen Hui, Jiaying Li, Xinxue Liao, Xiaodong Zhuang

“…Abstract Background Triglyceride-glucose-BMI (TyG-BMI) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. …”
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High-starchy carbohydrate diet aggravates NAFLD by increasing fatty acids influx mediated by NOX2 by Yuqi Gao, Rui Hua, Kezheng Peng, Yuemiao Yin, Chenye Zeng, Yannan Guo, Yida Wang, Liyuan Li, Xue Li, Ying Qiu, Zhao Wang

“…Moreover, the large amounts of ROS produced by NOX2 further exacerbated insulin resistance and increased lipolysis in perirenal white adipose tissue (periWAT), thereby providing fatty acids for hepatic lipid synthesis. …”
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Functional Status of Pancreatic α and β Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Different Plasma Triglyceride Levels: A Retrospective Analysis by Hang Guo, Chunlei Ma, Xiaoming Wu, Congqing Pan

“…The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA–IR) of the TGH group was significantly increased compared to the TGL and TGM groups. …”
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Trunk Fat Negatively Influences Skeletal and Testicular Functions in Obese Men: Clinical Implications for the Aging Male by Silvia Migliaccio, Davide Francomano, Roberto Bruzziches, Emanuela A. Greco, Rachele Fornari, Lorenzo M. Donini, Andrea Lenzi, Antonio Aversa

“…Using a cross-sectional design, we evaluated OSCA, 25(OH) vitamin D, T, 17β-estradiol (E2), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and body composition in 86 obese (mean BMI = 34) male subjects (18–69 yr old). …”
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