Posttransplant Metabolic Syndrome by M. Shadab Siddiqui, Richard K. Sterling

“…Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of metabolic derangements associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. …”
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Stress in Obesity and Associated Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders by Paul Holvoet

“…This syndrome is a common and complex disorder combining obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. It is associated with high atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk, which can only partially be explained by its components. …”
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Putative Factors That May Modulate the Effect of Exercise on Liver Fat: Insights from Animal Studies by Faidon Magkos

“…An increase in intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content is the hallmark of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Although regular aerobic exercise improves metabolic function, its role in regulating fat accumulation in the liver is incompletely understood, and human data are scarce. …”
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Maternal Diet Supplementation with n-6/n-3 Essential Fatty Acids in a 1.2 : 1.0 Ratio Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in MSG-Induced Obese Mice by Josiane Morais Martin, Rosiane Aparecida Miranda, Luiz Felipe Barella, Kesia Palma-Rigo, Vander Silva Alves, Gabriel Sergio Fabricio, Audrei Pavanello, Claudinéia Conationi da Silva Franco, Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro, Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer, Elton Guntendeorfer Banafé, Clayton Antunes Martin, Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias, Júlio Cezar de Oliveira

“…MSG-treated mice developed obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, pancreatic islet dysfunction, and higher fat stores. …”
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Effect of antioxidant capsule supplementation on oxidative stress markers in hypertensive patients by Novaes-Gaeta Ludmila N., Moraes Mariele C., Katayama Keyla Y., Sangaletti Carine T., Irigoyen Maria Claudia, Freitas Sarah, Viana Ariane, de Angelis Katia, Caldini Elia G., Lopes Heno F.

“…A significant intragroup difference in homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAir) was noted between normotensive and hypertensive individuals at different times. …”
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Zinc Transporters, Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Utility: Implications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Stephen A. Myers, Alex Nield, Mark Myers

“…This previously unexplored concept would raise a whole new area of research into the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and introduce a new class of drug target with utility for diabetes pharmacotherapy.…”
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Potential Mechanisms of Exercise in Gestational Diabetes by Saeid Golbidi, Ismail Laher

“…Weight gain in pregnancy causes increased release of adipokines from adipose tissue; many adipokines increase oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Increased intramyocellular lipids also increase cellular oxidative stress with subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species. …”
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Reverse epidemiology of obesity paradox: Fact or fiction? by Bellamkonda K. Kishore

“…Evidence suggests that the development of obesity and insulin resistance are influenced by genetic (or ethnic) make up and dietary habits (culture) of the individuals. …”
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FGF21 as an Endocrine Regulator in Lipid Metabolism: From Molecular Evolution to Physiology and Pathophysiology by Yusuke Murata, Morichika Konishi, Nobuyuki Itoh

“…Serum FGF21 levels are increased in patients with metabolic diseases having insulin resistance, indicating that FGF21 is a metabolic regulator and a biomarker for these diseases.…”
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Defects in skeletal muscle subsarcolemmal mitochondria in a non-obese model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. by Nicola Lai, China Kummitha, Charles Hoppel

“…Diabetes and obesity are reported to have a selective effect on the function of subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle. The current study investigated the role of the subpopulations of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in the absence of obesity. …”
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Sarcopenia: Where Do We Stand? by Ivana Mikolasevic, Tajana Pavic, Tajana Filipec Kanizaj, Darija Vranesic Bender, Viktor Domislovic, Zeljko Krznaric

“…Crucial mechanisms involved in sarcopenia-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) interplay are based on effects of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and crosstalk between organs by secretion of cytokines (hepatokines, adipokines, and myokines). …”
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Bariatric Surgery, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and Infertility by James Butterworth, Jean Deguara, Cynthia-Michelle Borg

“…Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are key pathophysiological mechanisms behind PCOS. …”
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Drugs Involved in Dyslipidemia and Obesity Treatment: Focus on Adipose Tissue by Sofia Dias, Sílvia Paredes, Laura Ribeiro

“…Metabolic syndrome can be defined as a state of disturbed metabolic homeostasis characterized by visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, and insulin resistance. The growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome will certainly contribute to the burden of cardiovascular disease. …”
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JAK inhibitors: a new choice for diabetes mellitus? by Mengjun Zhou, Qi Shen, Bo Li

“…In vivo and in vitro experimental studies have elucidated some of the mechanisms behind this effect, which seem to be based mainly on the reduction in β-cell disruption and the improvement of insulin resistance. In this review, we briefly describe the beneficial effects of JAK inhibitors among nonreceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of DM and attempt to analyze the mechanisms involved.…”
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Low-Dose Gallic Acid Administration Does Not Improve Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders and Atherosclerosis in Apoe Knockout Mice by Jie Bai, Qiu-Yue Lin, Xiangbo An, Shuang Liu, Yao Wang, Yunpeng Xie, Jiawei Liao

“…Our data showed that GA administration by oral gavage at a daily dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight did not significantly ameliorate WTD-induced hyperlipidemia, hepatosteatosis, adipogenesis, or insulin resistance; furthermore, GA administration did not significantly ameliorate WTD-induced atherosclerosis. …”
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Spatiotemporal Regulators for Insulin-Stimulated GLUT4 Vesicle Exocytosis by Xiaoxu Zhou, Ping Shentu, Yingke Xu

“…Importantly, the dysfunction of insulin-regulated GLUT4 trafficking is strongly linked with peripheral insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in human. The insulin signaling pathway, key signaling molecules involved, and precise trafficking itinerary of GSVs are largely identified. …”
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Diabetes mellitus: The pathophysiology as a canvas for management elucidation and strategies by Franklyn Nonso Iheagwam, Olawumi Toyin Iheagwam

“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive metabolic disease characterised by high blood glucose due to autoimmune destruction of the β-islet of Langerhans or gradual development of insulin resistance and β-cell degeneration. Numerous risk factors, from genetic to environmental, are associated with this disease. …”
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Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Acute Pancreatitis in a Child with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome by Asma Deeb

“…She had negative autoantibodies and no signs of insulin resistance and her monogenic diabetes genetic testing was negative. …”
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BMI, HOMA-IR, and Fasting Blood Glucose Are Significant Predictors of Peripheral Nerve Dysfunction in Adult Overweight and Obese Nondiabetic Nepalese Individuals: A Study from Cent... by Lekhjung Thapa, P. V. S. Rana

“…Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was the significant predictor (P=0.019, 96% CI = 1.420–49.322) of sensory nerve dysfunction. …”
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Methods and Models for Metabolic Assessment in Mice by G. Pacini, B. Omar, B. Ahrén

“…This report summarizes how these tests can be executed and how arising data are analyzed to confidently determine changes in insulin resistance and insulin secretion with high reproducibility. …”
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