Considerations in assessing blood glucose in mice: coping with interferences of intraperitoneal injection, noise, fasting, housing and blood sampling by Si-Li Zheng, Xue-Lian Wang, Pin Wang, Jin Chen, Chao-Yu Miao

“…Blood glucose measurements by glucose meters and insulin tolerance tests (ITT) were performed. Results Both IP injection and noise independently raised blood glucose levels in conscious mice, while neither of these two interferences affected blood glucose levels in mice under good anesthesia. …”
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Protein Intake, Especially Vegetable Protein Intake, Is Associated with Higher Skeletal Muscle Mass in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Akane Miki, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Shinobu Matsumoto, Emi Ushigome, Takuya Fukuda, Takafumi Sennmaru, Muhei Tanaka, Masahiro Yamazaki, Michiaki Fukui

“…Protein intake was independently correlated with SMI after adjusting for age, hemoglobin A1c, C-peptide index, exercise, smoking, insulin treatment, total energy intake, and C-reactive protein (standardized regression coefficient = 0.664, P<0.001 in men and standardized regression coefficient = 0.516, P=0.005 in women). …”
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Analysis of the morbidity characteristics and related factors of pulmonary nodules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study by Jie Yang, Wenna Wang, Yizhen Lu, Chunyao Li, Shuwu Wei, Weiwei Sun

“…Compared with the small nodule group, patients in the large nodule group had higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lower fasting insulin (FINS); meanwhile, patients with decreased homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) and high smoking index (SI) were higher in the large nodule group; decreased HOMA-β and high SI were independent risk factors for large nodules. …”
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Association of HLA Genotype and Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes in Koreans by Soo Heon Kwak, Yoon Ji Kim, Jeesoo Chae, Cue Hyunkyu Lee, Buhm Han, Jong-Il Kim, Hye Seung Jung, Young Min Cho, Kyong Soo Park

“…Fulminant type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a distinct subtype of T1DM that is characterized by rapid onset hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, absolute insulin deficiency, and near normal levels of glycated hemoglobin at initial presentation. …”
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Transcriptomic Profile Analysis of Brain Tissue in the Absence of Functional TRPM8 Calcium Channel by Erick B. Saldes, Alexandra Erdmier, Jai Velpula, Timothy E. Koeltzow, Michael X. Zhu, Swapna Asuthkar

“…<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a non-selective, Ca²⁺-permeable cation channel involved in thermoregulation and other physiological processes, such as basal tear secretion, cell differentiation, and insulin homeostasis. The activation and deactivation of TRPM8 occur through genetic modifications, channel interactions, and signaling cascades. …”
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Circulating Visfatin in Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Free Thyroid Hormones and Antithyroperoxidase Antibodies by Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj, Ariadna Zybek-Kocik, Aleksandra Klimowicz, Michał Kloska, Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka, Jerzy Sowiński, Marek Ruchała

“…Fasting blood samples were taken for visfatin, TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), glucose, and insulin levels. The highest visfatin serum concentration was in AIT group, and healthy controls had visfatin level higher than TT (p=0.0001). …”
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Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Goiter in Middle-Aged Euthyroid Subjects by Dalia Dauksiene, Janina Petkeviciene, Jurate Klumbiene, Rasa Verkauskiene, Jelena Vainikonyte-Kristapone, Audrone Seibokaite, Jonas Ceponis, Vygantas Sidlauskas, Laura Daugintyte-Petrusiene, Antanas Norkus, Birute Zilaitiene

“…In the nonnodular thyroid group, thyroid volume was also positively related to serum insulin and HOMA-IR, whereas a negative correlation between thyroid volume and leptin was identified in the nodular thyroid group. …”
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Potential Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study by Mohammad Dehghani Firouzabadi, Amirhossein Poopak, Ali Sheikhy, Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi, Fatemeh Moosaie, Soghra Rabizadeh, Sara Momtazmanesh, Manouchehr Nakhjavani, Alireza Esteghamati

“…Although the etiology of NAFLD is unknown, insulin resistance is a key mechanism of lipid deposition in hepatocytes leading to steatosis and potentially steatohepatitis in patients with diabetes. …”
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Targeting Toll-like receptor 4 and microbiota dysregulation: a new frontier in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease management by K.B. Kvit

“…It encompasses a spectrum of disorders, ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, often associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Emerging evidence underscores the critical role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation in the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD. …”
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Glucose-Sensing Carbohydrate Response Element-Binding Protein in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy by Christopher R. Starr, Assylbek Zhylkibayev, Oleg Gorbatyuk, Alli M. Nuotio-Antar, James Mobley, Maria B. Grant, Marina Gorbatyuk

“…Glucose-sensing ChREBP and MondoA are transcriptional factors involved in the lipogenic, inflammatory, and insulin signaling pathways implicated in metabolic disorders; however, limited ocular studies have been conducted on these proteins. …”
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Impact of COVID-19 on metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Motahare Shabestari, Forouzan Salari, Reyhaneh Azizi, Akram Ghadiri-Anari, Nasim Namiranian

“…Conclusion T2DM patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection exhibited improvements in TC, TG, BMI, and insulin-related indices. Lockdown restrictions were associated with decreased TC and LDL-C levels in T2DM patients without a history of COVID-19 infection.…”
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Effect of Weight Loss on Serum Osteocalcin and Its Association with Serum Adipokines by Mohammed S. Albadah, Hafedh Dekhil, Shaffi Ahamed Shaik, Mohammed A. Alsaif, Mustafa Shogair, Shahid Nawaz, Assim A. Alfadda

“…Studies have suggested that osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, is related to body metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Whether this relation is mediated through an interaction with adipokines remains unclear. …”
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Chrysoeriol ameliorates hyperglycemia by regulating the carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Baskaran Krishnan, Abirami Ramu Ganesan, Ravindran Balasubramani, Dinh Duc Nguyen, Soon Woong Chang, Shaoyun Wang, Jianbo Xiao, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian

“…Our results indicated that the inclusion of chrysoeriol (20 mg/kg), showed a significant reduction in plasma glucose, hemoglobin and glycosylated hemoglobin level with a rising of plasma insulin sensitivity. Further, downregulated enzymes including glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, and glycogen phosphorylase as well upregulated enzymes such as hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, and hepatic glycogen content. …”
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Sleeve gastrectomy improves cardiac function and glucose-lipid metabolism disorder in obese rats induced by a high-fat and high-sugar diet by Xiaojuan Li, Luming Qiao, Wei Wang, Ying Shi, Lei Yuan, Zhiwei Zhai

“…Elevated levels of plasma glucose, serum insulin, and glycated haemoglobin in obese rats were significantly reduced by SG. …”
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Supplementation with Korean Red Ginseng Improves Current Perception Threshold in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial by Kahui Park, YuSik Kim, Junghye Kim, Shinae Kang, Jong Suk Park, Chul Woo Ahn, Ji Sun Nam

“…In the subgroup analysis, CPT levels were improved in those with a longer diabetes duration or who already had neuropathy at the beginning of the study, and insulin resistance was improved in patients with a shorter diabetes duration. …”
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Calcium Chloride vs. Mechanical Preparation of Fibrinogen-Depleted Human Platelet Lysate: Implications for Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture by Yen Theng Lim, Muttiah Barathan, Yu Ling Tan, Yi Ting Lee, Jia Xian Law

“…The concentrations of critical growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), were evaluated for both methods. …”
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Therapeutic effects of resveratrol and β-carotene on L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis through oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways in rats by Arzu Gezer, Hilal Üstündağ, Mustafa Özkaraca, Ebru Karadağ Sari, Cihan Gür

“…Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with anti-insulin antibody revealed reduced β + langerhans islet size in the AP group. qPCR analysis indicated significant upregulation of inflammatory genes NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β (p < 0.001), and apoptotic genes Bax and Caspase-3, with downregulation of Bcl-2 (p < 0.001). …”
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A Multivariate prediction model for amlodipine therapeutic efficacy in pediatric primary hypertension by Yao Lin, Hui Wang, Yaqi Li, Yang Liu, Yanyan Liu, Hongwei Zhang, Yanjun Deng, Lin Shi

“…After statistical adjustment, 4 variables were found to be independently associated with therapeutic efficacy, including hyperinsulinemia (OR = 3.000, 95% CI: 1.409-6.386, p  = 0.004), insulin resistance (OR = 2.354, 95% CI: 1.032-5.370, p = 0.042), the baseline plasma Endothelin-1 level (OR = 0.627, 95% CI: 0.532-0.740, p &lt; 0.001) and amlodipine dosages (OR = 1.743, 95% CI: 1.400-2.169, p &lt;0.001). …”
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D1S-Neuro Program: Frequency and Risk Factors for the Development of Diabetic Neuropathy in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, a Single Center Study by Marco Piccoli, Joaquin Gutierrez de Rubalcava Doblas, Patrizia Furlan, Silvia Cocchio, Alessandro Zamberlan, Gloria Panzeri, Vincenzo Baldo, Carlo Moretti

“…Additionally, all data related to the patients’ average hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels over the last year and the past 5 years and the monitoring and insulin delivery technology used were collected. <b>Results:</b> Tests were performed on a total of 81 patients. …”
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Factors Correlated to the Renoprotective Effect of Sitagliptin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Retrospective Observational Study by Pirawan Khunkit, Konkanok Wattana

“…Sitagliptin functions similarly to GLP-1RAs by incretin and insulin secretion and has a renoprotective effect. …”
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