Diabetes Mellitus and Increased Tuberculosis Susceptibility: The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids by Ekta Lachmandas, Corina N. A. M. van den Heuvel, Michelle S. M. A. Damen, Maartje C. P. Cleophas, Mihai G. Netea, Reinout van Crevel

“…Alteration of the gut microbiota, thereby increasing butyrate concentrations, can reduce insulin resistance and obesity, but further studies are needed to determine how this affects susceptibility to tuberculosis.…”
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Effect of “DXB-2030,” a Polyherbal Formulation, on Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Hyperandrogenism by Mohammed Azeemuddin, Suryakanth D. Anturlikar, Mallappa Onkaramurthy, Mirza R. Baig, Basti K. Ashok, Raghavendra P. Rao, Mohamed Rafiq, Paramesh Rangesh

“…An in vitro assay on GLUT4 expression was carried out to understand the effect of “DXB-2030” on insulin resistance. Results showed that treatment with “DXB-2030” reversed the TP-induced changes by increasing the GLUT4 expression and decreasing the body weight, testosterone levels, AUC of glucose in OGTT, and the cystic follicles of the ovaries, thus indicating its beneficial effect in PCOS by ameliorating the metabolic dysfunction and reproductive impairment, which are the pathophysiological conditions associated with PCOS. …”
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Factors associated with fear of hypoglycaemia among the T1D Exchange Glu population in a cross-sectional online survey by Jingwen Liu, Jeoffrey Bispham, Ludi Fan, Jiat-Ling Poon, Allyson Hughes, Alicia Mcauliffe-Fogarty, Oralee Varnado, Beth Mitchell

“…Multivariable regressions were performed on assessment scores.Results The study included 494 participants (mean±SD age 43.9±12.2 years, duration of T1D mellitus 16.6±16.8 years, self-reported glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.9%±0.8% (52±9 mmol/mol)), 63% men, 89% on insulin pump, 25% experienced a severe hypoglycaemic event in the last 6 months. …”
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RESISTÊNCIA À INSULINA E EXCESSO DE PESO CORPORAL by Anelise Reis Gaya, Júlia Matzenbacher, Clarice Martins, Adroaldo Gaya, Helena Mansilha, Jorge Mota

“…A RI foi calculada através do HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assement Insulin Resistance). Aproximadamente 31% das crianças e adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de RI. …”
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Effects of Pioglitazone on Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nondiabetic Patients (EPICAMP Study): A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial by Pedram Shokouh, Adel Joharimoghadam, Hamidreza Roohafza, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Allahyar Golabchi, Maryam Boshtam, Nizal Sarrafzadegan

“…Pioglitazone significantly improved C-reactive protein level irrespective of changes in insulin sensitivity. Compared with the placebo group, alanine and aspartate transaminases were decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased after treatment with pioglitazone. …”
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Transgenerational Obesity and Alteration of ARHGEF11 in the Rat Liver Induced by Intrauterine Hyperglycemia by Wanyi Zhang, Rina Su, Hui Feng, Li Lin, Chen Wang, Huixia Yang

“…The results showed severe growth restriction in F1 offspring and obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance in female F2 offspring, especially the offspring of female intrauterine hyperglycemia-exposed parents (F2G♀C♂) and both (F2G♀G♂). …”
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Exosomes and microRNAs as mediators of the exercise by Haoyuan Li, Guifang Liu, Bing Wang, Mohammad Reza Momeni

“…Therefore, exosomal miRNAs target some pathways that are related to growth and development, such asWnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Exercise-induced exosomes have also been identified as important mediators in promoting beneficial effects throughout the body. …”
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GENDER-SPECIFIC INFLUENCE OF Aу MUTATION ON PROGENY METABOLIC PHENOTYPE, FETAL GROWTH AND PLACENTAL GENE EXPRESSION IN MICE by E. N. Makarova, E. I. Denisova, V. V. Kozhevnikova, A. E. Kuleshova

“…Body weight and food intake on a standard and an obesogenic diet, fetal and placental weights on pregnancy days 13 and 18, and gene expression of glucose transporters (GLUT1, GLUT3), neutral amino acid transporters (SNAT1, SNAT2, SNAT4), insulin-like growth factor 2 IGF2 and its receptor IGF2R were measured in male and female offspring of и ɑ/ɑ (control) and Ау/ɑ mothers. …”
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonists for the treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus by Alexander C. Martins, Beatriz G. de la Torre, Fernando Albericio

“…Obesity is strongly linked to serious health conditions like cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance, leading to a cascade of health risks. …”
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Exenatide Treatment Causes Suppression of Serum Ghrelin Levels following Mixed Meal Test in Obese Diabetic Women by Figen Topyildiz, Sinem Kiyici, Zulfiye Gul, Deniz Sigirli, Metin Guclu, Gurcan Kisakol, Sinan Cavun

“…Blood samples were taken before and at 60, 120, and 180 minutes following mixed meal test to measure serum total ghrelin, glucose, and insulin levels. The following week, exenatide treatment of the patients was paused for 24 hours and the same experimental procedures were repeated. …”
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Konya bölgesi popülasyonunda CAPN10 genindeki SNP-43 polimorfizmi Tip 2 Diabetes riski ile ilişkilidir by Ahmet Bülent Turhan, Mustafa Sait Gönen, Hilal Arıkoğlu, Hülya Uçaryılmaz, Dudu Erkoç Kaya

“…Birçok dokuda eksprese edilir ve başta insülin sekresyonu ve aktivitesi olmak üzere çok çeşitli hücresel fonksiyonlar için gereklidir. …”
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Therapeutic Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B in Parkinson’s Disease via Antineuroinflammation and Neuroprotection In Vitro and In Vivo by Chien-Wei Feng, Nan-Fu Chen, Te-Fu Chan, Wu-Fu Chen

“…Several previous studies mentioned that protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) acted as a negative regulator of the insulin signal pathway and played a significant role in the inflammation process. …”
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IGF-1 Increases with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Promotes Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers by Figen Aydin, Ahmet Kaya, Levent Karapinar, Mert Kumbaraci, Ahmet Imerci, Hasan Karapinar, Cengiz Karakuzu, Mustafa Incesu

“…Objectives. To investigate insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) levels in response to hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for diabetic foot ulcers and to determine whether IGF-1 is a predictive indicator of wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. …”
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PERBEDAAN KADAR MALONDIALDEHID PADA DEWASA MUDA OBES DAN NON–OBES DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS by Aristya Rahadiyan Budi, Husnil Kadri, Aswiyanti Asri

“…Obesitas dapat menyebabkan peningkatan produksi Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) melalui hiperlipidemia, penurunan sensitivitas insulin, dan berbagai mekanisme lainnya. Peningkatan produksi ROS yang berlangsung terus – menerus dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel. …”
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The role of M1/M2 macrophage polarization in the pathogenesis of obesity-related kidney disease and related pathologies by Periklis Dousdampanis, Ioanna Aggeletopoulou, Ioanna Aggeletopoulou, Athanasia Mouzaki

“…Macrophages also contribute to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes by releasing inflammatory molecules that impair glucose metabolism, complicating the management of diabetes in obese patients. …”
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Efficacy of fish oil supplementation on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a meta-analysis by Like Zhou, Dongmei Sun, Houqiao Bai

“…Outcomes measured were aspects of liver injury, lipid profile, insulin resistance, anthropometric measurements, and more.ResultsSeven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 439 participants were incorporated into the analysis. …”
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To Probe Full and Partial Activation of Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors by Pan-Agonist Chiglitazar Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations by Holli-Joi Sullivan, Xiaoyan Wang, Shaina Nogle, Siyan Liao, Chun Wu

“…Chiglitazar is a promising new-generation insulin sensitizer with low reverse effects for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and has shown activity as a nonselective pan-agonist to the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) (i.e., full activation of PPARγ and a partial activation of PPARα and PPARβ/δ). …”
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Sulforaphane acutely activates multiple starvation response pathways by Kendra S. Plafker, Constantin Georgescu, Nathan Pezant, Atul Pranay, Scott M. Plafker

“…SFN treatment (i) increased mitochondrial mass and resistance to oxidative stress, (ii) acutely suppressed markers of mTORC1/2 activity via inhibition of insulin signaling, (iii) upregulated autophagy and further amplified autophagic flux induced by rapamycin or nutrient deprivation while concomitantly promoting lysosomal biogenesis, and (iv) acutely decreased glucose uptake and lactate secretion followed by an adaptive rebound that coincided with suppressed protein levels of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) due to early transcriptional down-regulation. …”
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New diagnostic approach to central hypothyroidism after traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents by Geraldo Miranda Graca, Luiz Roberto Aguiar, Luiz De Lacerda

“…Assessments included clinical evaluation, brain CT and hormone assessments (basal fT4, IGF-1, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone; insulin tolerance test/thyrotropin-releasing hormone test with TSH, growth hormone and cortisol measurement; and corticotropin-releasing hormone test, if indicated). …”
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Comparison Of Glucagon Like Peptide/1 Levels In Diabetic Women With Ovarian Polycystic Syndrome And Healthy Women by Namra Iqtidar, Imran Ali Zaidi, Sobia Niaz, Javaria Latif, Amir Naveed, Ayesha Yousaf

“…The main function of GLP-1 is the reduction of glucose blood levels during hyper-glycemia through the mechanism of increased secretion of hormone insulin and reduced glucagon hormone secretion. GLP-1 promotes satiation and slows up stomach emptying, and hence reduces post-meal glucose blood levels. …”
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