Ethnic disparities in HbA1c and hypoglycemia among youth with type 1 diabetes: beyond access to technology, social deprivation and mean blood glucose by Suma Uday, John Stuart Pemberton, Zhide Fang, Stuart A Chalew

“…There were no differences between groups for age, MBG, time in range (3.9–10.0 mmol/L), diabetes duration, gender, insulin delivery method (multiple daily injections vs continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion), or percent sensor use (PSU). …”
Get full text

Square-Stepping HIIT Combined With 'Phyllanthus amarus' Supplementation Alleviates Fasting Blood Glucose and Oxidative Stress in Overweight and Obese Individuals by Surachat Buddhisa, Nattaphol Prakobkaew, Piyapong Prasertsri, Sudarat Boonpitak, Puttipong Poncumhak, Orachorn Boonla

“…Conclusion: The square-stepping HIIT combined with PA supplementation improved insulin activity and reduced fasting blood glucose and oxidative stress in overweight and obese individuals.…”
Get full text

Age-dependent interaction between serum zinc and triglyceride-glucose index among American adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey by Jun Lai, Jun Lai, Xin-Qing Li, Yinglin Zheng, Zongyan Liu, Qiquan Wu, Yongxiao Cao

“…The association between serum zinc and insulin resistance has recently been investigated as well, but the findings are inconsistent. …”
Get full text

Comparison of growth hormone therapy response according to the presence of growth hormone deficiency in children born small for gestational age with short stature in Korea: a retro... by Ha Young Jo, Hyun Ji Jang, Chong Kun Cheon, Ju Young Yoon, Sukdong Yoo, Jung Hyun Lee, Jeong Eun Lee, Ye Jin Kim, Sejin Kim, Hyun-Ji Kim, Im Jeong Choi, Min Jung Kwak

“…Results The standard deviation scores (SDSs) for baseline weight and body mass index (BMI) were significantly lower in boys without GHD than in boys with GHD. The SDS for insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was lower among boys without GHD than among boys with GHD, while the SDS for insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) was higher among girls without GHD than among girls with GHD; however, there was no significant difference when comparing all children with GHD to those without GHD. …”
Get full text

Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and associations with cardiometabolic risk in Inuit, Africans and Europeans: a cross-sectional study by Gregers Stig Andersen, Mette Aadahl, Niels Grarup, Torsten Lauritzen, Bendix Carstensen, Pernille Falberg Rønn, Marit Eika Jørgensen, Dirk Lund Christensen

“…Measurements included abdominal fat distribution assessed by ultrasound, oral glucose tolerance test, hepatic insulin resistance, blood pressure and lipids. The associations were analysed using multiple linear regressions.Results Across ethnic group and gender, an increase in VAT of 1 SD was associated with higher levels of hepatic insulin resistance (ranging from 14% to 28%), triglycerides (8% to 16%) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, −1.0 to −0.05 mmol/L) independent of body mass index. …”
Get full text

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients Reveals a Potential Risk of Hypoglycemia in Older Men by Feng-fei Li, Bing-li Liu, Hong-hong Zhu, Ting Li, Wen-li Zhang, Xiao-fei Su, Jin-dan Wu, Xue-qin Wang, Ning Xu, Wei-Nan Yu, Qun Yuan, Guan-cheng Qi, Lei Ye, Kok-Onn Lee, Jian-hua Ma

“…We performed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to define the features of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) before and after Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) therapy. Methods. This was a retrospective analysis. …”
Get full text

A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Interv... by Laura R Saslow, Jamie Krinock, Alison O'Brien, Kaitlyn Raymond, Hovig Bayandorian, Judith T Moskowitz, Jennifer Daubenmier, Antonino Oliveri, Deanna J Marriott, Dina H Griauzde, Elizabeth K Speliotes

“… Abstract BackgroundInsulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease. …”
Get full text

Gut bacterium Intestinimonas butyriciproducens improves host metabolic health: evidence from cohort and animal intervention studies by Elena Rampanelli, Nadia Romp, Antonio Dario Troise, Jakshana Ananthasabesan, Hao Wu, Ismail Sahin Gül, Sabrina De Pascale, Andrea Scaloni, Fredrik Bäckhed, Vincenzo Fogliano, Max Nieuwdorp, Thi Phuong Nam Bui

“…We observed that the level of the bacterial strain as well as fructoselysine fermentation genes were negatively associated with BMI, triglycerides, HbA1c, and fasting insulin levels. We also investigated the fructoselysine degradation capacity within the Intestinimonas genus using a culture-dependent approach and found that I. butyriciproducens is a key player in the butyrogenic fructoselysine metabolism in the gut. …”
Get full text

Mixed Comparative Evaluation of a Training Program Dedicated to Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centers: Protocol for the Pilot Implementation of Shared Decision-Making in the Treatment... by Nora Moumjid, Constance Gotte, Sophie Hommey, Stéphanie Poupon Bourdy, Julie Haesebaert, Isabelle Durieu, Quitterie Reynaud

“…Two treatment options are possible: start insulin as soon as cystic fibrosis diagnosis is made with the additional constraints of cystic fibrosis or wait while monitoring the patient’s clinical condition and start insulin when diabetes symptoms develop and therefore later. …”
Get full text

A Simple Matter of Life and Death—The Trials of Postnatal Beta-Cell Mass Regulation by Elena Tarabra, Stella Pelengaris, Michael Khan

“…Pancreatic beta-cells, which secrete the hormone insulin, are the key arbiters of glucose homeostasis. …”
Get full text

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Acupuncture Treatment for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Bai Li, Li Fang

“…Therefore, this review synthesizes the progress in research on acupuncture in the context of NAFLD treatment by the inhibition of inflammatory responses, regulation of lipid metabolism disorder, treatment of insulin resistance, antagonization of oxidative stress injury, and interference with endoplasmic reticulum stress. …”
Get full text

PPARs in Calorie Restricted and Genetically Long-Lived Mice by Michal M. Masternak, Andrzej Bartke

“…These transcription factors regulate different physiological functions such as energy metabolism (including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism), insulin action, and immunity and inflammation, and apparently also act as important mediators of longevity and aging. …”
Get full text

Gemella haemolysans Infection in Total Hip Arthroplasty by Barry Rose, Parminder J. S. Jeer, Anthony J. Spriggins

“…We present a case of septic loosening of an uncemented total hip arthroplasty due to G. haemolysans, in an asplenic patient with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Treatment with two-stage revision has been successful at 7 years of follow-up.…”
Get full text

A Case of Euglycemic Ketoacidosis Secondary to Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy by Evan J. Chen, William A. West, Kavitha Bagavathy

“…Prompt treatment with insulin and glucose-containing infusions leads to rapid resolution of the condition. …”
Get full text

Thiazolidinediones on PPARγ: The Roles in Bone Remodeling by Wei Wei, Yihong Wan

“…Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are synthetic PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) agonists and a class of drugs for diabetes mellitus type 2 that can decrease blood sugar efficiently by enhancing insulin sensitivity. However, increased bone fracture risk in diabetic individuals treated with TZDs is one of the reported side effects. …”
Get full text

The Role of the Microbiome and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in the Development and Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by T. S. Krolevets, M. A. Livzan, S. I. Mozgovoy

“…The role of the human microbiome in the development and progression of NAFLD is associated with its effects on the risk factors (obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes), permeability of the intestinal barrier and absorption of such substances as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, choline and endogenous ethanol. …”
Get full text

Respiratory Failure Associated with the Lipodystrophy Syndrome in an HIV-Positive Patient with Compromised Lung Function by Natasha Press, Valentina Montessori, Tony R Bai, Julio Montaner

“…Protease inhibitors, used as treatment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, are associated with a syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, central adiposity, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. An HIV-positive patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is presented who developed the lipodystrophy syndrome that is associated with the use of protease inhibitors. …”
Get full text

Molecular Mechanisms and Functions of lncRNAs in the Inflammatory Reaction of Diabetes Mellitus by Linjuan Huang, Xiaolei Hu

“…Diabetes is a chronic inflammatory state, and several studies have shown that the mechanisms of insulin resistance and abnormal islet β-cell function in diabetes are closely related to inflammatory reactions. …”
Get full text

Dietary Glycaemic Index and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Potential Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Hanusha Durganaudu, Thubasni Kunasegaran, Amutha Ramadas

“…Generally, diet has strong influence on the gut microbiota, which recently have been found to be associated with insulin resistance and the inflammatory response in diabetes. …”
Get full text

Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy: New Insights on Its Inhibition as New Therapeutic Targets by Akira Mima

“…Diabetes and insulin resistance can greatly increase microvascular complications of diabetes including diabetic nephropathy (DN). …”
Get full text